盗窃窨井盖行为定性之若干思考

近些年来,盗窃窨井盖行为频频发生.对盗窃窨井盖行为按照以危险方法危害公共安全罪处理是适当的.这种认定不违背罪刑法定原则,因为罪刑法定原则已经从当年绝对的罪刑法定走到当今相对的罪刑法定;从构成要件的角度来看,盗窃窨井盖行为也符合以危险方法危害公共安全罪的构成;这种认定也不是重刑主义,而是罪刑均衡.对这种行为的认定不需要寻求最高人民法院的司法解释.     

Quangos与澳门政府自治机构：兼与香港比较

在西方国家除了政府部门架构以外，而同样提供公共服务的其它所有组织类别，都普遍被通称为“quangos”（quasi-autonomous nongovernmental organizations），即半自主非官方机构。据文菲尔（Sandra Van Thiel），quangos是“被赋予执行一个或多个公共政策为其主要任务的一些组织，它们由公帑支持但运作上与政府保持距离，且与部长或主管部门并无上下层级关系”。自治机构的建制在澳门回归前已存在，乃前宗主国葡萄牙由本土引入，是quangos的一种。本文将从其法律地位主要是独立法人组织、内部管理架构、人员组成、经费来源、职权及监察几个大的范畴详细分析这些自治机构，并与香港类似组织作出比较。     

浅析“不履行法定职责”

理清不履行法定职责的含义、表现形式、职责的来源及其与行政不作为的区别，对规范行政主体的行为，促使行政主体正确、全面履行其法定职责，进一步明确行政诉讼受案范围有积极的推动作用。     

关于证据种类之思考

证据种类是根据证据的外在表现形式对证据所作的划分。从英美法系和大陆法系各主要国家及地区看,证据种类的划分主要是以学理讨论的形式出现的,立法往往不对证据种类进行明确的封闭式规定。在我国,三大诉讼法对证据种类作出了明确规定。随着社会的不断发展,我国这种证据种类立法体例的弊端不断显现,亟需予以完善。     

转继承与夫妻财产制

作为经常发生的现象,转继承问题的解决在理论和司法实践中具有重要意义。但我国《继承法》并未对转继承问题做出规定,因此,转继承问题在法学理论界引起了争议。明确遗产的法律地位,分析转继承的适用范围,并结合我国的夫妻财产制的规定,才能正确的处理转继承问题。     

Odor analysis of decomposing buried human remains

This study, conducted at the University of Tennessee's Anthropological Research Facility (ARF), lists and ranks the primary chemical constituents which define the odor of decomposition of human remains as detected at the soil surface of shallow burial sites. Triple sorbent traps were used to collect air samples in the field and revealed eight major classes of chemicals which now contain 478 specific volatile compounds associated with burial decomposition. Samples were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and were collected below and above the body, and at the soil surface of 1.5-3.5 ft. (0.46-1.07 m) deep burial sites of four individuals over a 4-year time span. New data were incorporated into the previously established Decompositional Odor Analysis (DOA) Database providing identification, chemical trends, and semi-quantitation of chemicals for evaluation. This research identifies the "odor signatures" unique to the decomposition of buried human remains with projected ramifications on human remains detection canine training procedures and in the development of field portable analytical instruments which can be used to locate human remains in shallow burial sites.     

论合同法中的混合性规范

合同法中某些法律条文确立的法律规则所协调的利益关系,处于双重状态：即有时涉及到交易关系背景下民事主体之间的利益关系,有时则涉及到交易关系背景下民事主体的利益与社会公共利益之间的关系。与这种类型法律规则相对应的,就是混合性规范。所谓混合性规范,即有时发挥补充性任意性规范的功能,有时发挥强制性规范功能的法律规范。     

试述刑法的自主性

刑法作为人类社会最基本也是最古老的法律,一旦被纳入法治的范畴之中,孕育出法治刑法这一概念,就应当体现出自主性,必须而且能够摆脱传统观念中的工具地位,赢得其独立的话语权,相应地,作为具有时代精神的科学的刑法学应当以理论的自足性体现和捍卫刑法的自主性.     

非法行医罪的刑事政策分析

非法行医罪属于典型的法定犯罪,应在罪刑法定的前提下,合理划分刑法和行政法不同的规制范围,并坚持处罚上的轻刑化原则;在对非法行医犯罪化的过程中,应以法益侵害为基准,从非法行医行为是否严重侵害了国家医疗卫生管理秩序和公众生命健康权益这一实质标准去把握;对非法行医行为的刑法规制应坚持谦抑原则,尽管目前本罪非犯罪化的条件尚不具备,但非刑罚化措施应广泛适用.     

The Politics of Policy Design and Implementation: A Comparative Study of Two Belgian Service Voucher Programs

Abstract

When two policy programs, identical in many important respects, are implemented in the same national context, similar program results would be expected. If this is not the case, an explanation is needed. In this article two Belgian voucher programs are compared: one for household services and one for childcare services. The first program was termed a success while the latter was abandoned after disappointing results. Ideological differences between policy makers at cabinet level are identified as the most crucial factor explaining the contrasting results of the two programs. The failure of the childcare voucher scheme was due to its deeply flawed policy program design, particularly with respect to the implementing structure as well as the needs and demands of the designated target group. This comparative study confirms the usefulness and validity of two well-known theoretical constructs: an integrated implementation model and related statutory coherence thesis. The necessity of more attention to the potential influence of higher-level political-institutional factors and the dynamic interaction between policy formulation/design and policy implementation is one important lesson for contemporary implementation research. Another is that policy instruments per se do not determine policy results. Their role can only be fruitfully analyzed and explained in the context where they are selected and applied.