城乡、区域就业结构性失衡及应对

城镇就业比重是衡量我国城乡、区域就业结构性差异的重要指标.研究对城镇就业比重变化、城乡和区域就业结构差异度、影响城镇就业比重的因素进行了分析.研究发现:(1)全国层面城镇就业比重稳步上升,南北方城镇就业比重同步上升,京津冀、长三角、粤港澳起步差距不大,粤港澳2012年后大幅提升;(2)全国省份间的城镇就业比重不平等呈现...     

国际关系理论与实践:研究邓小平外交思想的新视角

本文从几种国际关系主流理论对外交决策的要求出发,分析了邓小平外交决策和外交思想是如何适应国际关系发展规律的。传统现实主义、新现实主义、自由制度主义等理论提出了国际体系中影响国家对外政策中的不同关键因素,反映着国际关系的总体要求。邓小平外交思想就是这样一种理性的、符合中国国情和国际体系要求的思想结晶。     

From a ‘success’ story to a highly indebted poor country: Ghana and neoliberal reforms

Drawing on the experience of Ghana, which the World Bank itself proclaimed as an African success story in the early 1990s, this paper sheds important light on why neoliberal policies have had limited success in Africa and what strategies are likely to be necessary to foster growth and industrialisation in Ghana and elsewhere in Africa. In 2001, a few short years after being proclaimed as an economic miracle, Ghana joined the growing ranks of highly indebted poor countries (HIPC) – an especially humbling development for this once proud nation. Why did Ghana's economy collapse after recovering so well? Ghana's experience highlights both the promise and limitation of neoliberal reforms.     

关于构建我国用益物权体系的思考--以三个物权法草案的设计比较为线索

三个物权法草案关于用益物权体系设计的基本指导思想和研究路径基本一致,代表了目前我国用益物权研究的水平。但三个物权法草案对传统与现实、外国经验与中国国情、整理与创新、结构与内容把握的程度不同,其设计的用益物权体系的结构亦同中有异。笔者认为,建立一个科学完善的用益物权体系,应体现以下基本要求:充分反映我国现实生活的需要,具有现实基础和国情特色;用益物权的概念应当体现其质的规定性,界定科学;用益物权的种类应当具有概括性和特定性;用益物权的体系应具有系统性和开放性。在现阶段,我国的应以现实的土地物权利用关系为基础,以房屋和资源的物权利用关系为补充,以使用权为基础概念构建用益物权体系,按土地的用途不同设立建设用地使用权、农用地使用权、地役权、空间使用权;以房屋的物权利用不同设立典权和居住权;另设资源特许使用权。     

首都经济结构战略性调整的若干问题

“十五”期间，首都经济结构调整的主要任务应是产业结构调整、所有制结构调整以及经济体制的转迹和制度建设；经济结构调整应与较快的增长速度相适应；应着力培育一批新的经济增长点，淘汰一批生产能力落后的企业；应大力加强各项制度建设，为经济结构调整提供新的动力机制和保障机制。     

外国直接投资与东道国产业关联演进

在世界经济一体化过程中,外国资本的进入将直接或间接影响到东道国产业结构的改造与升级,出现一些值得经济学界关注的变化,尤其是外国投资与东道国"非均衡"发展的关联性。在中国经济进入重化工业时期,重化工业的扩张也由于本国资源、技术、资金等限制而难以为继。为此,在积极引进外资的同时,要着力培育新型产业。基于日本前期产业升级的经验,中国在产业结构升级的第三阶段,应该转向低资源投入、低污染、高附加值的产业发展即新型工业化之路。     

Prison commitments,crime, and unemployment: A theoretical and empirical specification for the United States, 1933–1985

This paper examines sources for the changing commitment rates to U.S. state prisons (PCR) from 1933 to 1985 using a variety of time-series techniques. Theoretically, it resolves ambiguous interpretations of how crime, unemployment, and imprisonment are related. Hypotheses that crime and punishment are in equilibrium are rejected. Our final specification supports theories integrating institutionally endogenous and socially exogenous causes of prison use and includes feedback effects between crime and punishment. We reached several general conclusions. (1) Changes in PCR are due partly to changes in the levels of unemployment, age composition of the population, and military active-duty rates. (2) Effects of the criminal justice system, captured as autoregressive institutional drift, account for approximately half of the year-to-year fluctuations in the PCR. The contemporaneous prison discharge rate also influences the rate of prison commitments. (3) Neither the specified nor the unspecified institutional effects mediate the effects of other exogenous variables. (4) Under most simultaneous-equation specifications, the crime rate is moderately influenced by the contemporaneous unemployment rate and strongly influenced by prior levels of prison commitments. The preferred simultaneous causal model estimates a modest positive coefficient for the unemployment-crime causal path and a substantial positive coefficient for the unemployment-prison commitment causal path.     

Structural weaknesses and the role of the dominant political party: democratic backsliding in Croatia since EU accession

ABSTRACT

Croatia is regarded as a success story of the EU’s enlargement policy. However, this narrative conflicts with the situation on the ground and with expert surveys, which depict incremental, yet persistent democratic backsliding in recent years. A shift towards illiberal practices, primarily focused on the liberal part of the liberal-democratic nexus, is taking place. This research aims to explore the prevalence and causes for the re-emergence of illiberal practices in Croatia by employing an interpretive method to evidence gathered from media articles and research reports published 2013–2019. The use of illiberal policies by the governing Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) in three areas of the political system – the capture of independent agencies, control of the judiciary, and the weakening of independent media – is found to be the driver of democratic backsliding. Causes are found in structural reasons linked to the dominant party. Without either internal power-sharing constraints or external EU conditionality pressure, the HDZ has been able to take advantage of structural weaknesses of the system it built and shaped during the 1990s.     

生活质量评价若干问题探讨

生活质量是人们对生活的全面评价和总结。对其进行评价时 ,必须遵循一定的原则构建有关生活质量的指标体系。城市化低下是影响我国居民生活质量的主要原因所在 ,因此 ,大力发展经济 ,促进城市化建设将成为提高我国人民生活质量的重要推动因素。     

浅析社会转型期的国家自主性构建——以利益群体分化为视角

在目前利益群体分化的背景下,中国国家自主性建设要达到防止政府俘获,发挥国家作用,促进国家发展,维护社会公正的目的。为此,建设国家自主性的措施包括加强政府自身建设,在政府与强势利益群体间建立明晰的组织边界,建立弱势群体利益表达机制,建立利益群体的利益和思想整合机制等。