“三农”问题的核心、症结及解决途径

农村、农业、农民问题,是一个影响现代化进程的难题,同时也是一个重大的经济、政治和社会问题.我国的"三农"问题,由于特殊国情所致,与其他国家相比,表现得更为尖锐,解决起来难度更大.深入探索"三农"问题的有效解决途径,乃当前急需研究的重大课题.     

钢铁产业发展与民营资本准入

把钢铁产业发展与民营经济联系在一起进行讨论必然要涉及的一个基本问题,就是钢铁产业要不要坚持“公有制为主体、多种经济成分共同发展”。本文在解析党的十六大关于两个“必须毫不动摇”的科学内涵基础上,着重阐明了民营资本进入钢铁产业部门的必要性、现实性及其积极意义,然后分析指出了公有、特别是国有钢铁企业只有毫不动摇地进行调整和改革,才能适应市场经济发展的需要,促进我国钢铁产业的持续健康发展。     

"知识性失业"解析

近年来我国出现了"知识性失业"逐年增加的趋势.其原因是多方面的,主要是高等教育体制改革滞后、地区发展不平衡、高学历者职业预期与用人单位要求错位等.我们应及时采取相应措施,避免人才的浪费和社会效率的下降,真正做到"人尽其才,物尽其用".     

我国中央与地方立法权限的划分

《立法法》采取列举的方式明确了中央与地方立法权限的划分,具有一定的开拓精神和现实意义。但它的规定存在局限性,没有从根本上改变中央和地方立法工作中出现的混乱和无序等现象。对于中央和地方立法权限的划分,应当以其制约因素为切入点,进而分析目前立法规定和立法实践中存在的问题,从而厘清我国中央和地方立法权限划分的思路和方法,推动我国的法治建设。     

Perceived Sibling Relationships and Adolescent Development

Utilizing longitudinal, 3-wave data collected from multiple informants (fathers, mothers, and target children) in 374 families, the potential effects of sibling relationships on adolescent development across early and middle adolescence were investigated. Adolescents who perceived their sibling relationships more positively at Time 1 tended to have better friendships and higher self-esteem at Time 2, which, in turn, were associated with less loneliness, less depression, and fewer delinquent behaviors and less substance use at Time 3. Moreover, a bidirectional relationship was found between adolescent self-esteem and the quality of their sibling relationships, suggesting that a more positive sibling relationship helps to enhance adolescent self-esteem, and that higher adolescent self-esteem predicts a more positive sibling relationship. A bidirectional relationship was also found between adolescent sibling relationships and adolescent friendships. However, a much stronger association between adolescent sibling relationships at Time 1 and adolescent friendships at Time 2, than between adolescent friendships at Time 1 and adolescent sibling relationships at Time 2, may suggest that the quality of an earlier sibling relationship is more predictive of the quality of a later friendship for adolescents rather than the other way around.     

互联网普及程度对非正规就业的影响分析

研究基于 2002-2016 年的全国省级面板数据,使用固定效应模型检验了互联网普及程度对非正 规就业的影响,发现互联网普及程度对非正规就业比例有显著的负向影响,互联网的普及提高了社会整体的就 业质量。进一步使用滞后一期互联网普及程度作为工具变量,两阶归结果表明上述结论仍然成立。此外,为了 排除《劳动合同法》对研究结论的影响,本研究使用《劳动合同法》实施以前的样本进行检验,发现互联网普 及程度对非正规就业比例的负向影响仍然显著。     

Work-Life Balance and National Context in Attraction to Public Employment

What explains preferences for public employment versus private business employment. Much of the extant literature considers this topic within the context of single-nation studies and the work motives of those individuals already employed by government. This study contributes to the public-management literature with a cross-national examination of government employment preferences across 31 national samples using data from the International Social Survey Programme. Results indicate that a desire for more work-life balance is negatively associated with a preference for government employment and that measures of national economic health help explain the variation in preferences for government employment across nations.     

试论劳动要素结构升级与深化供给侧结构性改革

从区分供给侧的不同结构层次入手,结合我国经济发展阶段转变和新科技革命引发的劳动要素需求变化,分别考察了不同要素投入在现阶段经济增长中的作用。与现有文献把经济减速的原因归结为劳动力供给不足、人口红利消失不同,研究认为在技术创新使经济增长与就业增加之间的关联效应不断弱化的情况下,相对于资源禀赋,人力资本投入才是中国经济实现高质量发展的决定性因素。因此,深化供给侧结构性改革的一个重要着力点,应放在促进劳动要素结构升级以提高人力资本的供给质量上,实现经济增长向全要素生产率驱动型的转变。此外,还考察了劳动力市场制度与劳动要素结构升级的关系,为通过劳动市场制度改革加快人力资本积累提出政策建议。     

高校院系工会兼职干部激励因素及其绩效影响的研究 —— 以上海市若干所高校为例

研究运用激励理论分析了高校院系兼职工会干部积极性缺乏,动力不足问题产生的原因。在此基础上,构建了激励因素和绩效表现的结构关系,并利用统计分析和结构方程模型分析了两者之间的关系。研究发现,对于兼职工会干部的激励而言,精神回报是核心内容,人文环境能够提供有效保障,不妨碍本职工作是前提和基础,物质回报有利于工作积极性的提高,而个人成长是非常重要的因素。     

Unemployment and voter turnout revisited: A brief note

This brief study revisits the issue of whether higher unemployment rates elicit an increase in the voter participation rate. Using a state-level panel dataset for all five of the Presidential election cycles of this century, it is hypothesized that, following Cebula (2008) and Burden and Wichowsky (2014), the higher the unemployment rate, the greater the degree to which eligible voters, whether unemployed or employed, show up at the polls, arguably because they are expressing the concerns and fears regarding prevailing economic policies and conditions and because by voting they are expressing the desire for changes to address those concerns and fears. The estimation implies that a one percentage point higher unemployment rate leads to a nearly 1.0% higher voter participation rate. This result is in principle compatible with and supportive of the hypothesis that higher unemployment rates motivate voters and the empirical finding of a positive voter turnout/unemployment rate association obtained in the studies by Cebula (2008) and Burden and Wichowsky (2014). Moreover, this finding is potentially important because it implies that elected officials are, to at least some degree, held accountable by the electorate for a weakly performing economy.