二次就业教育应对城市青年失业

调查发现,城市失业青年较大比例从批发、零售贸易和餐饮业等不太需要技术或技能且薪水较低的行业中失业,主要原因是没有一定的职业技术或职业技能。所以,加强对城市失业青年的二次教育,提高个人素养和能力,才是解决城市失业青年问题的有效途径。     

哈贝马斯的"公共领域"理论与传媒

哈贝马斯是当代罕有的百科全书式的大思想家。他在 4 0年前出版的《公共领域的结构转型》一书提出了传媒在他所谓的公共领域中的中心地位的著名观点。尽管他的传媒理论同他的其他理论一样被认为具有乌托邦色彩 ,但其给予传媒学术界和业界的思考是多维而深层次的 ,对于在现实情境下建构中国的公共领域和发挥传媒的社会公器功能具有学术和实践意义     

以市场需求为导向协调发展餐饮业

我国餐饮业目前发展低迷并存在同质化竞争等问题,而影响餐饮业发展的主要因素是政策和环境。目前餐饮业在急剧变化环境下出现了"危"与"机",以市场需求为导向,分层次定位与协调发展,是餐饮业持续健康发展的可行性道路。     

马克思利润平均化理论与我国经济结构调整

马克思的利润平均化理论揭示的资本、劳动力等生产要素在不同产业或部门之间流动和重组的规律,对于认识当前我国的经济结构调整和产业重组有重要启示.我国当前正处在经济转轨时期,推动结构调整和产业重组的首要任务是培育和催化资本流动和重组的必要条件,突破制约经济结构调整和产业重组的体制性障碍.     

和谐社会视域下失业保障制度的完善路径研究

完善的失业保障制度是构建和谐社会的题中应有之意。但我国的失业保障供给不足,失业保险参保人群和失业人群错位,预防失业与促进就业功能缺失,执行难度和监管压力逐步增加。面对失业保障面临的挑战,我们要探索适应我国就业方式和就业环境的失业保障体系,建立以促进就业为导向的多层次失业保障体系,规范和完善失业保险的管理体制和监管制度。只有这样,才能应对我国面临的就业压力,消除就业格局中的不和谐因素,构建社会主义和谐社会。     

Homicide and economic change: Recent analyses of the Joint Economic Committee report of 1984

The relation between recession and homicide is classic in the United States. This has been affirmed in the 1976 and 1984 Reports to the Joint Economic Committee (JEC) of the United States Congress. Recent analysis confirms the findings reported in both 1976 and 1984 and demonstrates that the influence of recession on homicide is greater than previously estimated. Differences in the 1976 and 1984 findings on homicide are related to differences in the hypotheses tested, as discussed in detail and highlighted in the 1984 report. JEC staff correctly interpreted and reported the 1984 findings. Reproduction of the 1984 homicide equation is straightforward, provided the same data and any of several standard estimation techniques are used. Evidence does not support any of Cook and Zarkin's claims in their critique of the 1984 homicide equation. The JEC report of 1984 used appropriate techniques in the attempt (a) to ensure that influences attributed to economic changes are not actually due to other social factors and (b) to minimize underspecification of models.     

Meeting the Offender Re-integration Challenge

In this article the author – member of the European Offender Employment Forum – gives his view on the problems of re-integrating ex-offenders. He describes the pan-European growth of the prison population, the vocational training offered in prisons and the demands of the labour market. He also discusses promising programmes and initiatives to counter the problems faced by ex-offenders. The 'solution' should be multi-dimensional, provide for continuity between pre-release and after-care and counter problems like employment, housing and finances. Governments must make it their business to ensure that the programmes they support are meeting the range of offenders' needs, are linking properly with the labour market and are providing continuity from sentence to community.     

Fair treatment,fair play? The relationship between fair treatment perceptions,political trust and compliant and cooperative attitudes cross-nationally

Obtaining citizens’ voluntary compliance with political decisions is a fundamental democratic challenge. Fair treatment by public officials plays a key role in theoretical and empirical studies on citizens’ compliance and cooperation. Yet it is unclear whether citizens within different societies react to (un)fair treatment in the same way. Using multilevel structural equation modelling and multilevel regression analysis on the European Social Survey 2010–2 (N = 52,458), this article shows that perceptions of fair treatment by police officers are associated with higher levels of trust in political institutions and in turn stronger compliant and cooperative attitudes of citizens in 27 countries. Yet the link between perceptions of unfair treatment and institutional trust is stronger in countries in which fair behaviour is more prevalent. While fair treatment is often considered to be a universal norm affecting citizens in a uniform way, this article sheds light on important cross-national variations.     

The Self-salvation of Capitalist Society——Giddens' Criticism of Historical Materialism and the Third Way

Giddens fully absorbs the Marx's capitalism critical theory of capital criticism as the core by including Marx in historical framework of late modernity. Based on fracture of modernity, Giddens criticizes historical materialism and develops structural theory of understanding of the developed capitalist society. Thereby, Giddens shows the current status of modernity: pluralistic structure and high risk of society dominated by the forces of globalization. According to the principle, Giddens proposes “the third way” as self-salvation of capitalist society: adhere to the ideals of socialism, beyond the traditional opposition of government and market, making full use of the balance between state and market to build a society of positive welfare. Laying aside political label of “the third way”, the exploration of the balance between government and market is of great practical significance for China to promote the balance between government and market, and to manage the challenge of globalization. However, the position of Postmodernism indicates that Giddens criticism of Marx's historical materialism is a failure undoubtedly.     

Hurricane Mitch, Alemán, and Other Disasters for Women in Nicaragua

Hurricane Mitch caused unprecedented destruction when it swept through Nicaragua and Honduras in October 1998. Official reports estimated that 3,332 were reported killed or missing and an estimated $1.5 billion damages were caused in Nicaragua alone. Though Mitch did not cause Nicaragua's impoverishment, the severity of its destruction revealed a deeper crisis that has been troubling Nicaragua's economy for over a decade—an economic crisis aggravated by heavy external debts and structural adjustment policies. Using feminist analysis, the case of Nicaragua is explored to consider the effects of natural disasters from a global perspective and to rethink the long-term merits of structural adjustment and foreign aid.