论耕地保护法律制度之完善——基于粮食安全视角的解析

耕地是粮食生产的基础,而粮食生产又是粮食安全的基础,因此,耕地的保护对粮食安全生产的保障具有重要意义。我国耕地的现状令人堪忧:一是耕地数量不断减少;二是耕地质量有下降的趋势。考其原因,主要是关于耕地保护的法律制度不健全。针对此种情况,应从非农建设用地、教育用地及耕地质量保护三个维度,完善我国耕地保护法律制度。     

广州市劳动力市场建设的基本思路及对策建议

当前我国正处在经济体制转型的关键时期,劳动力市场健康发展对于社会主义市场经济体制 的建立以及市场化就业机制的实现至关重要。尽管广州作为沿海开放城市,劳动力市场建设发展较快, 但是存在的问题也不容忽视。本文从加强劳动力市场科学化、规范化、现代化的建设出发,分析了广州 市劳动力市场建设中存在的问题,并对今后广州市劳动力市场的发展提出一些思路。     

Commentaries on the issue

Abstract

The use of informers is morally problematic for police institutions, for investigation managers, and for those individuals either who act as informers or who have daily responsibility for handling informers. This paper examines the moral issues concerning informers at each of these levels. Recourse to informers can be accommodated within Miller and Blackler's moral theory of policing. Within this context, criteria for the morally justifiable deployment of informers are proposed and supplemented with further proposed criteria for morally justifiable informer participation in crime. Morally justifiable recruitment of informers is also considered. Despite directly serving the purpose of policing, informers do not incur police professional obligations.     

划拨土地使用权市场化法律制度研究

近年来,划拨土地使用权市场化趋势愈加明显。本文在详细阐述划拨土地使用权现状的基础上,进一步分析了现行划拨土地使用权市场化制度存在的缺陷,进而从突破旧体制、建立新制度的角度出发,尝试提出完善划拨土地使用权市场化法律制度的若干建议,以期对国有土地的科学管理有所裨益。     

Aspects of local government and politics in china: 1955–58

This study, based on work in six villages, seeks insights into the likely effect of the introduction of prospective land‐, water‐, and crop‐management technologies, being researched at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid Tropics, on the existing village labour‐use patterns in one major relevant region: peninsular India. Explicit attention is given to the similarities and differences between small and large farms and their relevance to the adoption of the prospective new technologies.

Regional variation in labour utilisation reveals a tremendous employment‐creating potential in the existing tank and well irrigation systems in the Alfisols of peninsular India. The prospective technologies should increase employment, compared with existing technologies, by at least 100 per cent in the Alfisols and by over 300per cent in the deep Vertisols— but with some increase in the seasonal variability of labour demand. Given the existing availability of labour, there will be, with the improved watershed technologies, major farm labour bottlenecks. These should eventually generate increased wage rates and employment potentials. However, even temporary adverse effects on the timelessness of operations could be critical to the success of a double‐cropping and/or intercropping technology aiming at greatly increased yields. This would create demands for selective mechanisation, for example, of threshing.     

Legislative Recruitment and Models of Party Organisation: Evidence from Australia

This paper considers the relationship between the growing dominance of career politicians in the Australian federal legislature and models of party organisation. Using data on MPs in the Australian federal parliament, this study maps changes in models of party organisation to the occupational profiles of MPs between 1949 and 2007. The findings show a correspondence between the phenomenon of cartelisation and the appearance of legislators whose previous occupation was in the political sphere. The authors suggest that there is a relationship between different modes of party organisation and both the supply of candidates and the demand-side factors influencing party selectors. The paper concludes that theories of recruitment should include a greater emphasis on models of party organisation to explain better the uniformity of recruitment outcomes across advanced democracies.     

城市公共安全服务供给的合作网络

良好的公共安全状况是公民的基本需求,是城市竞争力和城市形象的重要表现,也是衡量城市政府公共服务能力的重要指标。本文运用合作网络治理理论的内在逻辑与本质,以制度分析与发展框架为分析工具,对城市公共安全服务供给进行制度分析,试图构建城市公共安全服务合作网络的理论框架和运作机制,推动该领域多元行动者的共治之道。笔者认为,城市公共安全服务领域政府单中心供给模式已经发生变化,多中心治理格局初显端倪;多元行动者通过公安机关内部协作网络、公私伙伴关系及社会合作网络等主要互动网络形式,逐渐使多元化和高质量的城市公共安全服务需求变为现实。     

我国劳动力市场政府干预的变迁路径与发展趋势

放任劳动力市场的自由发展有其缺陷,因而各国政府皆对劳动力市场进行干预。考察我国劳动力市场的政府干预可知,其历经了从严格规制到相对干预,从分割规制到统一规制,从具体规制为主到宏观调控为主的过程,反映了我国政府几十年来对市场干预的一般轨迹。因应这种变迁路径,我国劳动力市场政府干预应当是相对干预、统一规制,以宏观调控为主,并应以促进就业,保持劳动力市场供需平衡为其基本宗旨。     

社会治安服务供给模式的理论思考——基于公共品理论的分析视角

社会治安服务受技术条件、需求状况、供给能力、制度规范等方面的影响,其效用是多层级和动态发展的,不同属性的社会治安服务在供给模式上亦应有区别。文章立足公共品理论的分析视角,对社会治安服务的属性进行分析,明晰治安服务供给中公安机关与其他供给主体的职责划分,在此基础上构建适合公众需要的多元化、分散式供给模式。