Piercing the Incumbency Syndrome: Ghana’s Democratic Transition in 2017

Ghana’s political landscape changed dramatically in 2017, with the election of Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo Addo as president. Ghana’s political transition in 2017 raises new insights into presidential recruitment and politics in Ghana. The purpose of this article is to examine the 2016 elections within the spectrum of the politics of Ghana’s presidential recruitment. This article discusses the hurdles that were surmounted by the opposition New Patriotic Party party, in unseating the incumbent National Democratic Congress (NDC) party. The author coins the term ‘the John Syndrome’ to highlight the mythology held by some commentators that Akufo Addo could not be elected president, because his name is not ‘John’. Discussions about intra-party squabbles that resulted in the loss of NDC’s incumbency are provided. The article concludes that Akufo Addo’s presidency symbolises a de-mythologisation of ‘the John Syndrome’. The perception that Akufo Addo saved the nation in 2012 was his major weapon in piercing John Mahama’s incumbency. The demise of the NDC is likely to create an intra-party shift in favour of the party’s founder.     

论社会治安服务有效供给

社会治安服务除了具有一般公共物品所具有的消费上的非排他性、非竞争性外,还具有投入成本大、覆盖面广、协作性、特殊强制性和供给效率难以精确评估等特征,使得其有效供给的实现比一般公共物品更为复杂。社会治安服务供给的＂有效性＂,可从供需均衡、动态改进、超额负担最小和广泛均等四个方面进行判断。应充分利用市场供给主体力量和社群组织力量,形成政府、市场、志愿多元供给机制并存、多元供给主体并存、多元供给方式并存的社会治安服务多元化供给格局。     

农村发展党员工作调查

对黑龙江省128个村发展党员工作抽样调查表明,当前农村党员队伍结构性、素质性问题仍相当突出,村间队伍建设不平衡,新党员对改善农村党员队伍的素质和结构作用不够,体现出农村党组织凝聚力不够强、党员结构不够合理、工作机制不够完善、党员先进性不够突出等问题。主要因为：发展党员观念上不适应,责任上不到位,行为上利益化,方法上老化滞后。为此,要拓宽发展党员工作＂源头＂机制,健全＂责任＂机制,完善＂运行＂机制,强化＂保障＂机制,切实促进农村发展党员工作取得实效。     

英国警察的招募条件及招募程序研究

英国的英格兰和威尔士、苏格兰、北爱尔兰的警察制度不完全相同,在警察招募条件上均存在普通警官和文职人员甚至特别警察人员的区别。虽然英国地方警察局局长直接负责包括征募警员、训练、负责警监及警监以下警衔的警察晋升、警纪、警察力量的布置和行动,但由国家统一制定的国家招募模式基本上获得了大多数警察局的首肯,特别是英格兰和威尔士所有警察局。     

弱者安全权的平衡与供给

弱者安全权是弱者生存和发展的前提,当弱者由于自身的脆弱性与不利性不能实现充分的安全自力救济时,必须建立平衡的供给结构。弱者的能力贫困是弱者安全能力不足的主要原因,对能力贫困实行补助,是基于权利位阶理论推导出的安全权优先原则以及基于社会契约理论推导出的倾斜性保护原则。弱者的安全权行使是一个悖论,弱者往往会成为事实与想象中的安全事件制造者,实施硬暴力以积极掠夺或利用弱者身份消极抵抗。弱者的安全困境在于弱者安全感的缺失与常规安全供给不足,弱者很难实现身份转化与充分信息下的策略选择。应兼采安全规范的立法差别化与司法和执法均等化,推动以公民身份和社区参与为内容的安全权力重组。     

我国政府信息资源增值服务的市场化供给机制探析

本文以政府信息资源增值开发的基本内涵为基础,借鉴国内外学者的研究成果,分析了我国政府信息资源增值服务市场化供给机制的优势及面临的困境,并提出相应的对策建议。     

关于采暖计量收费的技术方案及应用分析

根据实际情况 ,对新建楼房、原有住宅楼和公建等计量收费改造分别提出了技术方案 ,并对计量收费改革中存在的问题提出了一些建议。     

供需分析与模式选择:将NGO导入社会保障体系

非政府组织(NGO)的导入有助于我国社会保障体系的完善。在实践中,政府与NGO有三种互补性合作模式:政府支持—NGO运作模式、政府委托—NGO经营模式和政府购买—NGO提供模式。在现阶段,确立这些模式并合理、充分地发挥它们的作用,必须培养相应的组织载体,建立健全完善的运作机制。     

Militarizing peace: why did the Israeli military spearhead the Oslo Accords?

This article deals with the question of why the Israeli military played a major role in the design and implementation of the Oslo Accords in the years 1993–2000 even though this process was originally initiated as a diplomatic move. It is argued that the explanation lies in the army's role in politically mobilizing the anti-Oslo front comprised of religious and peripheral groups, most of whom had a nationalist agenda, as a strategy to counter their resistance to the Accords. The ‘people's army’, through which many of these groups attained social mobility and which they had traditionally trusted, was inherently the most effective mechanism for achieving this goal. This role was further intensified in light of the government's social policies that made these groups ‘peace losers’. Political recruitment took the form of the army's role in designing the Oslo arrangements as military ones.     

公共服务供给视角下的公民参与探究

公民意识和公民社会的兴起与发展为实现公共服务供给满足公共需求奠定了思想基础和提供了路径。政府作为公共权威的代表,需要通过相关路径选择发挥公民参与在公共服务供给中的积极作用,提高我国公共服务供给能力。