Communist successor parties and government survival in Central Eastern Europe

This article analyses coalition survival in eleven post‐Communist, Central and Eastern European democracies. Survival analysis demonstrates that Communist Successor Parties (CSPs) are central to understanding government dissolution processes in post‐communism. Coalitions spanning the ‘regime divide’ between CSPs and parties not affiliated with the ancien regime last longer than governments that do not. Regime divide governments also are more likely to fall during periods of positive economic performance, while other governments fall during periods of negative economic performance. The reason lies in parties’ incentives to prolong their regime divide coalition with the CSP, especially in the face of adverse conditions.     

“易班”网络班级的重塑研究与实践——网络化生存背景下

当今大学生已经成为"网上的一代",网络化生存已经成为当代大学生重要的生活方式。"易班"网络班级在增强班级凝聚力,聚合班级学习氛围,调节师生关系等方面都发挥了重要作用。"易班"网络班级的健康发展,需要提升关注度,发挥学生"易班"建设的主体功能,需要加强整合度,满足学生对"易班"的合理需求,需要拓展参与度,提升专任教师的"易班"介入作用。     

The survival and tenure of Australian Attorneys-General

ABSTRACT

Policy outcomes in parliamentary systems can be affected by the characteristics of those appointed to executive positions. Research into the survival of ministerial appointments emphasise institutional factors, personal, and professional characteristics. There is, however, less attention paid to how the specific features of a portfolio affect ministerial survival. I address this gap by examining Australian Attorneys-General, to highlight how the duration of ministerial appointments depends on the features of the position. I find that a specific understanding of a portfolio can affect ministerial survival and that the survival of Australian Attorneys-General is shaped by the specifics of the portfolio.     

论生存权的法律性质

生存权作为首要人权早已被写入我国人权白皮书,但对生存权的理解和论述依然是众说纷纭。要发挥其人权保障之价值意蕴,必须确立生存权为个人享有的基本人权之地位,同时确认生存权的法律性质和法律效力。     

Profiles of Academic Activities and Careers: Does Gender Matter? An Analysis Based on French Life Scientist CVs

The aim of this paper is to analyze the factors that influence the length of time to promotion for male and female academics. Promotion is defined as elevation to a professorship. We examine the role of academic profiles, which are based not only on publications, but also include activities such as fund raising, consulting, teaching, and managerial appointments (dean of a department for instance). The paper examines the factors that speed up or slow down the progress of an academic career for males and females, respectively, to explore the “glass ceiling” effects. Survival and duration models are used to test whether the gender differential persists after controlling for observed and unobserved heterogeneity. The originality of this paper lies in the use of duration models to track sex differences in promotion criteria. It highlights that the different criteria of promotion for male and female academics: women have to demonstrate higher involvement in different networks in order to be promoted.     

从融资视角看小企业生存与发展问题

该文就小企业在国民经济的地位和作用，结合作者从事银行业监管的理论与实践，对中国现阶段小企业融资现状及影响小企业生存发展的主要原因进行分析，从融资层面提出改善小企业生存与发展环境的政策建议。     

伊维菌素对内毒血症小鼠生存率和细胞因子分泌的影响

为研究伊维菌素对脂多糖所致内毒血症小鼠的保护率及对小鼠血清中细胞因子的影响,给C57BL/6小鼠灌服伊维菌素(1、2和4mg/kg)或等体积蒸馏水,2h后分别腹腔注射脂多糖32mg/kg或等体积PBS,观察7d内小鼠的死亡情况;采用夹心-ELISA法测定注射脂多糖后不同时间点小鼠血清中的TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6水平,硝酸还原法测定小鼠血清中NO的水平。结果显示,伊维菌素能显著(P<0.05)提高脂多糖诱导的内毒血症小鼠生存率,降低小鼠血清中的TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6和NO水平。表明,伊维菌素可通过抑制脂多糖诱导的小鼠体内炎性因子和介质释放提高内毒血症小鼠的生存率。     

金融危机下小规模经营者的经济法关怀

在金融危机的冲击下,个体工商户及中小企业这些小规模经营者的生存更加艰难。如何对待曾经为中国经济发展做出过重要贡献而且还将为中国经济发展继续做贡献的个体工商户及中小企业,是任由自由竞争、优胜劣汰、适者生存竞争法则自由发挥,还是通过必要的制度安排使个体工商户体及中小企业得到更多的人文关怀,是构建社会主义市场经济制度必须考虑的问题。     

论思维方式及其变革

领会哲学思维方式的本质,才能进行哲学活动并进行哲学创新,而哲学创新的关键在于人的思维方式的改变。没有思维方式的革命,就不可能带来对人的生存方式的新的变革式的反思,就难以实现不满足现状的人类对哲学的企盼。因此,提高哲学理论思维能力是社会和谐发展的必然要求。