Patenting and spin-off creation by Canadian researchers in engineering and life sciences

This paper examines the determinants of patenting and spin-off creation using survey data of 479 researchers in engineering and 449 researchers in life sciences funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). The results show that research novelty and laboratory size are the only two variables significantly explaining patenting and spin-off formation in both engineering and life sciences. Network capital explains spin-off formation in engineering and in life sciences as well as patenting in life sciences, but not in engineering. Furthermore, the results suggest that many categories of resources explain patenting and spin-off formation in engineering and in life sciences, but that the combinations of resources required differ for patenting and spin-off formation and between engineering and life sciences. The results of this paper suggest that customized policies would be required to accommodate differences between spin-off formation and patenting as well as between engineering and life sciences.      

The Regional Location of Knowledge Based Economy Activities in Israel

The article analyzes the spatial location behavior of economic activity that is knowledge based, by decomposing the Knowledge-based Economy Index developed by the OECD (1999) and elaborated by Cooke and Schwartz (2003) into major components that represent groups with different characteristics. The spatial behavior is analyzed in Israel in the years 1995–2002. We find that business services and high tech services tend to concentrate in metropolitan areas. Business services are found in the main city and high tech services in the satellite urban ring, with the outer-cities becoming stronger over time. Public services supporting the knowledge-based economy are concentrated in the center of the country, though not necessarily in the principal city, and they can represent an important tool in regional policy. The high tech manufacturing is concentrated around the big cities, mainly around the main metropolis. The other knowledge-based manufacturing activities tend to leave for the periphery.     

产业转移与区域协调发展的思考

区域协调发展面临的宏观背景和困境表明,解决区域协调发展问题的出路之一就是推进产业在区域之间的转移。必须尊重市场对资源配置的基础性作用,并发挥政府宏观调控的作用。以产业转移推进区域协调发展的思路主要是健全市场机制、健全合作机制、产业政策与区域政策相结合,遵循空间均衡和生态效率的原则,充分发挥中部崛起在区域协调发展中的纽带作用。     

科技型中小企业发展的资金保证—兼论设立创新基金保进中小型科技企业发展的现实意义

随着我国市场经济体制的建立，技术创新已成为我国各类企业普遍面的紧迫问题，而目前制约企业技术创新的最现实的因素之一就是资金缺乏，创新基金的设立楞可以解决科技形中小企业资金短缺的问题，从而有效地推动我国科技型中小企业技术创新。     

What is the Way for Private Processing Trade Enterprises?——Coping Mechanism in the New Context of Counter-Globalization

With the development of the anti-economic globalization trend initiated by the private sector as a new feature promoted by the government, bilateral or regional free trade agreements began to dismember the multilateral trade and investment global governance system and rules with the World Trade Organization as the core. China's OEMs not only face the pressure of rising prices of factors of production brought about by the rapid development of domestic economy and the decline of their comparative advantages in international division of labor, but also face the marginalization and exclusion of the global industrial chain and value chain due to the possible intra-regional reorganization of the global industrial chain and value chain of multinational corporations in developed countries. It is found that the combination of policy guidance and market mechanism is an effective means for Chinese export agent enterprises to break through the difficulties they encounter under the new characteristics of anti-economic globalization. On the one hand, the government can improve the enterprise ecosystem through the innovation of laws and policies, management means and financing channels. On the other hand, OEMs should also play an entrepreneurship role and make use of market mechanism to upgrade within the egg-laying chain, send the old to welcome the new, cross-chain transformation, and transfer strategies from east to west. Strengthen the international competitiveness of enterprises by practicing internal skills.     

我国农村土地制度文明冲突的症结、表征及解决设想

目前我国农村土地所有权主体不明确、集体所有权残缺，必然导致农村土地制度文明的冲突。土地所有制是农村土地制度文明冲突的症结；土地流转制是农村土地制度文明冲突的表征；而土地股份制是解决农村土地制度文明冲突的有效途径之一，它可以明确土地所有权主体、实现权力与责任的统一，有利于实现规模经营和加快“城乡经济社会一体化”战略的实现。     

我国东西部技术转移与西部发展

我国东西部技术发展的差距呈扩大的趋势。在东西部地区进行技术扩散和技术转移,是缩小东西部技术差距、促进我国整体科技水平提高、推动区域协调发展的重要途径。加快东西部技术转移,需要在政府的推动下,形成促进东西部技术转移的有效机制。     

现代教育技术如何充分应用于高职教育

现代教育技术是以现代教育理念和理论为基础，现代教育技术是目前教育的优势，更是教学改革的关键措施，这就要求我们要充分应用现代教学技术，实现教学方式及学习方式的根本转变，使现代教学技术更充分的应用于高职教育。     

传感技术在足迹研究中的应用简介

本文概括阐述近年来国内外Foot scan，Novel emed，Zebris FDM系统在医学、体育、刑事技术方面中应用的基本情况。对3套系统测量人体足的动静态压力分布进行对比和分析。在此基础上提出传感器技术在足迹检验中应用的前景。     

试论美术教师的业务素质

信息时代随着教育的不断发展,美术教育也进入了一个新的阶段,现在的美术教育对教师的业务素质提出了新的要求。一名优秀的美术教师必须拥有科学规范的业务素质,它包括合理的知识构架、深厚的技能技法和探索精神、运用现代化教育技术提高教师教学质量的能力、顺应时代发展加强知识的网络化与多面化的能力。