解读公共治理：双重维度分析

公共行政领域的治理应该界定为公共治理,它是指在自组织治理的基础上,政府参与其中并起“元治理”作用,政府与自组织形成互动型治理网络,共同谋求公共利益最大化的治理形式。从精神维度上看,公共治理追求自由与公平的终极价值,彰显公共性的本质,塑造理性化与契约化的公共精神,预设有限理性的政府;从制度维度上看,公共治理以自组织网络为组织基础,以“元治理”为政府角色,以有限政府为政府的制度形态,以后科层制为组织模式。此双重维度共八个要素相互支持、相互强化,支撑起了公共治理的理论大厦。     

Legitimacy,self-determination,and conditional cooperators

ABSTRACT

This article critically examines the account of collective self-determination and state legitimacy developed by Stilz in her book. Central to this account is the idea that for a state to be legitimate it must reflect the shared will of the people over which it governs. I argue that the normative taxonomy Stilz employs to develop this criterion of legitimacy ignores the possibility of conditional cooperators: groups who are alienated from society due to the injustices they experience but are willing to affirm their participation in state institutions if these injustices are rectified. I then demonstrate that since there are no grounds for discounting the dissent of conditional cooperators, their presence significantly increases the threshold for state legitimacy that follows from Stilz’s theory. As a result, Stilz is forced to abandon her claim that basically just states generally enjoy a qualified ‘right to do wrong’.     

Inter-parliamentary relations in the United Kingdom: devolution’s undiscovered country?

Since 1997, the United Kingdom’s territorial constitution has undergone an immense process of change and has resulted in the establishment of separate legislatures and governments for the peoples of Scotland, Wales and, when Stormont is operational, Northern Ireland. These changes have spawned a whole series of relationships between the institutions of the devolved UK, at executive, legislature and civil service levels. However, while intergovernmental relations has been the subject of repeated debate, there has been little attempt to document and examine the way in which the UK’s four legislatures interact with one another, post-devolution. To the extent that these interactions, otherwise known as inter-parliamentary relations (IPR), have been the subject of scrutiny, it has been largely to bemoan their modest state and/or to suggest that stronger, albeit occasionally rather unelaborated, mechanisms be established. This article seeks to correct this deficit and provide a first step towards a clearer understanding of IPR in the UK, post-devolution. The article breaks the different levels of IPR down into three main strands: (1) parliament-parliament, (2) committee-committee and (3) official-official, and suggests that the main interactions that take place at each of these levels. Following this audit, the article concludes by highlighting the role that shared policy competence (a field that is set to grow with the UK’s withdrawal from the European Union) has played in driving IPR in the UK, post-devolution, and suggests some steps that may be taken to enhance IPR in the future.     

从海尔和春兰的比较看企业的多元化战略

本通过对海尔和春兰的多元化战略在动机、类型、途径和运行效果等方面的不同特点的比较与分析,对中国企业发展多元化战略得出了一些规律性认识：（１）成功的专业化经营基础和主导产业的核心竞争力是成功的多元化战略的必要条件;（２）兼并是企业多元化扩展的一种有效途径;（３）企业一般不宜进行大规模的低相关扩展。     

大学生创新能力培养、素质教育与价值之维

国力的强弱越来越取决于劳动者的素质,取决于各类人才的数量和质量。知识和人才、民族素质和创造能力越来越成为一个国家综合国力强弱的重要标志,成为推动和制约经济增长和社会发展的关键因素。全面进行素质教育,大力提高大学生的综合素质,培养创新精神和实践能力的优秀人才,是使大学生在德、智、体、美、能等方面全面发展,体现大学生应有的价值的必然选择,也是高校培养人才的一项紧迫的任务。     

中国法治秩序建构理论的反思与重构--以日常生活批判理论为视角

本文运用日常生活批判理论对当代中国法治秩序建构理论进行了反思,认为当前法治秩序建构理论的致命弱点在于主体维度的缺失;法治秩序建构的本质在于由传统的日常生活世界向非日常生活世界跃迁;当代日常生活作为传统法律文化的寓所对于法治秩序的建构形成巨大的阻滞与消解因素;日常生活批判对于法治秩序的建构具有根基性价值.进而提出重构当代法治秩序建构理论的设想,即建构一套以国家(政府)为动力,以社会为基础,以日常生活批判和深层文化启蒙为主体维度的国家·社会·日常生活批判三位一体的新的法治秩序建构理论.     

论平面广告版面中的三维空间构成

在平面广告中,版面设计最终目的是：使版面产生清晰的条理性,用悦目的组织来突出主题,达成最佳的诉求效果。我们可以通过对版面的三维空间层次的把握和运用来达到这个目的。本文借助版面设计中的比例关系的空间层次、位置关系的空间层次、黑白灰关系的空间层次、动静关系、图像肌理关系产生的空间层次,论述了如何营造平面广告版面设计中的三维空间构成的方法与技巧。     

中日钓鱼岛领土争端的国际法阐释

中日两国关于钓鱼岛领土的争端由来已久,是近几十年来乃至今后相当长的时间内,中日两国关系中最为敏感和棘手的问题之一。有关钓鱼岛的争端主要涉及岛屿主权归属和东海海洋权益两个方面。从国际法的角度看,日本方面所宣称的拥有钓鱼岛群岛主权及相关东海海洋权益的理由都是站不住脚的。从国际法的角度来论证我国对钓鱼岛及其相关海洋权益拥有的权利,从法律和理据上更具有说服力和正当性,在此基础上采取的对策将更加有效和有针对性。     

走向双重维度的研究——德美法学教育的研究性及其启示

研究性教学旨在通过学生主体参与,培养学生理论研究与创新工作的能力。德美法学教育改革中逐步凸显的理论指向与实践指向平衡发展的研究性教学,对我国当前的法学教育深有启迪。借鉴德美研究性教学经验,发展适合我国法学本科研究性教学的具体模式,将为完善我国当前的本科法学教育提供新的思考。     

The Link Between Public Service Motivation and Volunteering: The Case of South Korean Civil Servants

Despite the consensus on volunteering as a behavioral consequence of public service motivation (PSM), research has not yet empirically examined how various PSM constructs relate to an individual’s volunteering, and the underlying mechanism between PSM and volunteering remains a mystery. This study identifies common motivational grounds between PSM and volunteering and examines how the four PSM types—rational, normative, affective, and self-sacrifice—predict public service employees’ volunteering. The findings from the survey of employees in the Korean National Government suggest a connection between public employees’ volunteering and the rational dimension of PSM, i.e., their desire to influence public policy process.