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21.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of the soft tissue (ST) thicknesses at 31 landmarks using the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images obtained from 20 adult subjects. Four observers carried out ST thickness measurements using Skull Measure software, and the inter- and intra-observer error rates were evaluated. Only five of 31 landmarks showed significant differences in recorded ST thickness between the observers. When excluding inexperienced observers, only one landmark showed a significant difference between the observers. Regarding the intra-observer reproducibility, the ST thickness measurements at three landmarks showed low correlation coefficients. The results of this study indicate that CBCT images can be used to measure ST thickness with high reproducibility. However, some landmarks need to be redefined to reliably measure ST thickness on CBCT images. 相似文献
22.
《Science & justice》2022,62(2):137-144
Sudden unexpected death (SUD) is a devastating event and forms a substantial proportion of the cases investigated at forensic mortuaries each year. Despite post-mortem investigations, the cause of death may remain undetermined. There is potential for these unresolved cases to benefit from retrospective molecular autopsies for investigation into genetic mutations which may have contributed towards death. Often, formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues (FFPET) are the only archival sources of DNA available for retrospective analyses. However, extracting usable DNA from FFPET is challenging as current methods yield poor quality and quantity DNA. Thus, this study aimed to optimise DNA recovery from FFPET by investigating several variables within the DNA extraction workflow, including the selection of tissue type, number and thickness of tissue sections, deparaffinisation method, and DNA extraction kit. The quantity and quality of DNA recovered were assessed using spectrophotometry, real time PCR, digital capillary electrophoresis and DNA profiling. This study was the first to implement a nuclei quantification using microscopy to guide the selection of the best tissue type to use for DNA analysis. The use of a greater number of thinner tissue sections (100 sections, each 1 μm) significantly improved DNA concentration, purity and fragment length. Additionally, the combination of Deparaffinization Solution with the QIAamp® DNA FFPE Tissue Kit proved most favourable with a median DNA yield of 320 ng and 55% of DNA fragments greater than 400 bp. Isolated DNA was of single source, indicating no contamination in the workflow, and FFPET blocks that were stored for up to 3.5 years did not significantly affect DNA degradation (p = 0.1764). These results are especially informative for designing library preparation and sequencing workflows for determining cause of death in unresolved SUD cases. 相似文献
23.
Louisa J. Baillie B.H.Sc. B.F.A. Jillian C. Muirhead D.M.I.T. Phil Blyth B.H.B. M.B.Ch.B. Ph.D. Brian E. Niven B.Sc. M.Sc. George J. Dias B.B.S. M.S. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2016,61(Z1):S60-S70
The head is positioned erect for an approximation; yet most facial soft tissue depths (FSTD) used are measured from supine subjects. Depth difference might be significant, but there is a paucity of data to verify. This study compared erect and supine values for 17 landmarks from 30 healthy New Zealand (European population affinity) women (18–30 or 40–55 years) in erect then supine positions. Height, weight, and sonographic FSTD data, totaling 1020 measurements, were obtained. Three midline and seven averaged bilateral values were compared using ANOVA, p values, and Pearson's correlations. Correlative strength of age and body mass index, BMI (kg/m2), was determined by values. Results showed averaged erect and supine differences were significant for four of ten FSTDs. Between individuals, difference was various and not unidirectional. In conclusion, depth differences were observed but not all significant or unidirectional, BMI significantly influenced nine FSTD values, but age group did not. 相似文献
24.
Vertical Lip Position and Thickness in Facial Reconstruction: A Validation of Commonly Used Methods for Predicting the Position and Size of Lips
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This study examined several methods used to estimate oral fissure position, lip margin position, and lip thickness recommended by Angel, George, Lebedinskaya, Taylor, Wilkinson et al., Balueva and Veselovskaya. A sample of 86 lateral head cephalograms of adult subjects from central Europe were measured and the actual and predicted dimensions were compared. The best estimation for oral fissure position was “opposite the lower ¾ mark of maxillary incisors” (error of 1.3 mm). Upper lip margin was predicted best by “upper ¼ mark of maxillary incisors” (error of 1.7 mm), and lower lip margin by “cementum‐enamel junction of mandibular incisors” (error of 2.3 mm). The regression equations of Wilkinson et al. displayed least error (1.3 mm and 1.8 mm, respectively) for upper and lower lip thickness, and method of George (error of 3.4 mm) for total lip thickness. 相似文献
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利用暗记特征对HP系列彩色激光打印文件鉴别的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
李江春 《湖北警官学院学报》2008,(6):111-113
对激光打印文件的鉴别,尤其是彩色激光打印文件的鉴别,历来是可疑文件检验领域的难点和重点。利用暗记特征则为此类文件的鉴别提供了一种有效方法,即采用光学检验方法,对激光彩色打印文件暗记进行显现,利用暗记点阵形态特征和点阵排列含义特征等,为彩色激光打印机具的种类鉴别和个体鉴别提供了有效的鉴别依据。 相似文献
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28.
英语和德语相互借用词汇中形成了借词词形本土化的共性规律,对比德语借词词形英语化与英语借词词形德语化的方式,呈现了正反迁移模式改造借词词形的状态。 相似文献
29.
Amvrosios Orfanidis M.Sc. Helen Gika Ph.D. Eleni Zaggelidou Ph.D. Orthodoxia Mastrogianni Ph.D. Nikolaos Raikos Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2019,64(2):643-646
In several medico‐legal cases, bone samples analysis may provide the only source of toxicological information. This case study reports the analysis of a human bone specimen, belonging to a 46‐year‐old man, found 3 months after his death due to cervical–thoracic injuries in a motorcycle accident. Bone specimen was the only available material for toxicological analysis, among few skull hair and rotten skin. Analysis was performed by a newly developed and validated ultra‐high‐pressure liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐MS/MS) method, following simple and efficient sample pretreatment. The results were in accordance with the man's medical record: Alprazolam and zolpidem were found at 2.2 and 5.4 ng/g of bone, respectively. Both these drugs were prescribed to the deceased. 相似文献
30.