基于人性的行政监察思想及其实践分析

中国古代行政监察思想是在人性本善这一理论预定基础上建立起来的,它的流弊和缺陷迫使中国不得不反思传统向西方学习。在人性本恶的认识论基础上,西方行政思想异常繁荣,实践也格外发达,给中国提供了新的启示。中国应向西方学习、借鉴,但是照搬西方并不是中国行政监察发展的未来之路。     

单位走私犯罪疑难问题刍议

走私犯罪是破坏社会主义经济秩序的一种严重犯罪,当前我国走私犯罪相当严重。司法实践中,单位走私犯罪涉及许多亟待解决的法律问题,特别是关于单位走私犯罪与个人走私犯罪的界定、单位走私犯罪主体的定位等都值得深入探讨。     

生命权的概念及其入宪的必要性和价值

生命权有广义和狭义之分,通常所说的生命权是指狭义上的生命权。生命权的基础性、不可逆转性和不可补偿性决定了生命权应当入宪,而生命权入宪则是对生命权基础性价值的确认和彰显,表达了对生命权的尊重,也将提高人们尊重生命权的意识,同时将进一步推动生命权保障机制的建立和完善。     

论约定优于法定原则

约定优于法定是合同法的一项重要原则。但在市场经济发展的今天,尤其是在消费合同中,这一原则受到了挑战,完全遵守这一原则会形成合法不合理的情况。因此重新审视这一原则,适时地赋予约定优于法定原则新的内容,就显得十分必要了。文章在探究了约定优于法定原则之后提出在消费合同中应当推行约定有利的原则,以切实保护消费者的权益。     

Coping with an unjust fate: The case of structural unemployment

Becoming a victim of structural unemployment means suffering an unjust fate. The present research examines the cognitive reactions subjects use to protect their belief in a just world and the related effects on their actual well-being within a sample of unemployed blue-collar workers in East Germany (all female). Results showed that the belief in a just world was positively correlated with attributing one’s unemployment to one’s own behavior and negatively with asking “why me?”, but uncorrelated with subjects’ readiness to change into another profession in order to get employed. Just world belief and depression were negatively related for those who either avoided the “why me?” question or who found an answer to it; but just world belief and depression was positively related for those women ruminating about an unanswered “why me?”. Results are consistent with the idea that the belief in a just world plays a significant role in the unemployed person’s coping process.     

侦查教学贴近公安实践的思考

侦查教学贴近实践,是培养实战型人才的重要环节。侦查工作的实践性特点和现实斗争的需要,培养实战型人才的重任落在教育部门肩上。如何在教学中贴近公安实践,与采取的教学手段相互关联。对侦查教学进行改革,协调整合理论和实践课内容的成分,提高教师业务水平,汲取基层实践经验,发掘教师资源,是当前侦查教学中的关键问题。     

宪政——人类法治文明的最高结晶

文章从依法治国首先要依宪治国 ,实行法治关键要实行宪政立论 ,层层深入地阐析了宪政的涵义 ,宪政与宪法的关系 ,宪政的性质、特征及要义 ,宪政与民主、法治、人权的关系等重要问题。     

论我国的无效行政行为制度

无效行政行为因具有重大的明显的违法情形，自始不发生任何法律效力，为维护自身合法权益。行政相对人对无效行政行为有两种对策；温和而言，可以不受任何时间限制地通过申诉，申请复议，提起诉讼等途径寻求救济；激进而言，完全可以无视其存在，拒绝履行义务，直至采取对抗形式进行正当防卫，我国对无效行政行为的立法刚刚起步。应该根据法治原则和宪法精神，修改现行的有关法律规定。尽快确立和完善无效行政行为制度。以适应新形势下依法行政的要求。     

The decision to leave an abusive relationship: The testing of an alternative methodological approach

Most studies that consider the factors influencing the decision to leave an abusive relationship rely on retrospective, self-report data. In addition to the biased samples that are frequently obtained in such investigations, the methodological shortcomings of survey research limit its explanatory power, particularly when applied to such sensitive topics as family violence. This report introduces an alternative method for studying the decision to leave an abusive relationship. Forty-five men and 68 women were studied using an experimental computer game of an abuse-like relationship. The tendency to leave this relationship was measured under four differing conditions of severity and frequency of abuse. A logit analysis revealed that the frequency of abuse was more consequential to women's decisions to leave, while severity of abuse was more salient for men. In addition, the hypothesized model, including frequency of abuse, severity of abuse, and locus of control, fits well for women but not for men. The implications of these findings, as well as the validity and future application of experimental games, are discussed.     

依法行政的现状及对策研究

依法行政是依法治国基本方略的关键,它在规范行政机关及其工作人员的行为以及提高行政效率方面起到了非常重要的作用,并且已经深入人心,但是,由于立法和执法方面还存在一定的问题,依法行政在现实的贯彻执行中也遇到了许多的困难,文章从依法行政的现状入手,对依法行政中的问题进行研究,找出原因,提出解决问题的对策,推进依法治国方略的落实。