关于工会企事业转变经济发展方式的思考

经济增长方式问题一直是我国经济理论界的研究热点之一,也是各级政府关注的焦点。党的十七大报告首次提出"转变经济发展方式",比过去的转变经济增长方式提出了更高更宽的要求。目前我国整体经济发展水平和质量不高,促进经济增长方式由粗放型向集约型转变,从单纯追求经济增长向经济可持续发展转变,已经成为我国市场主体生存发展的当务之急。在日益激烈的市场竞争形势下,如何抓住有利时机,及时转变经济发展方式,提高经济发展质量,是当前工会企事业所面临的一个重要命题。     

可登记财产利益的交易自由——从两岸民事法制的观点看物权法定原则松绑的界线

刻意把债法和物法放在对立面的传统民法典体例,形成了许多似是而非的逻辑,把财产法的释义学弄得没有必要的复杂。因此在检讨物权法定原则的立法政策之前,有必要再一次厘清限制物权的"关系权"本质。至于法定还是自由,比较有说服力的讨论恐怕也只有成本一效益的分析,这部分同样需要对一些很基本的观念先有共识,才不至于沦为各说各话。本文即接续过去两度提出的经济分析观点,参考后来的一些文章,再作一点补充。我国台湾地区的立法者已经采取了行动,在不动产所有权上交易者已经可以依其需要自由建立对世性的财产关系。大陆因为土地迄未开放私有,使得这个问题的讨论变得格外复杂,必须从社会主义市场经济体制的语境,重新检视物权的性质,并验证自由化的成本效益。本文也尝试在极有限的信息基础上,作一些最初步的探讨。     

日本规制证券犯罪的刑法理论探析

由于刑法谦抑性原则的要求,刑事处罚乃是作为保护社会的最后手段,当民事赔偿与行政处罚等其他法律责任可以抑制扰乱证券市场秩序的行为时,则较为严厉的刑事制裁手段就无须动用。在证券市场交易中,维持市场交易秩序以及保护投资人权益都是证券交易发展上的重要工作。由于投资者属于不特定的多数人,因此日本在刑法上采用了危险犯的立法方式,提早保护投资人利益。     

论我国注射死刑的平等适用

目前,我国在执行注射死刑时存在不能完全平等适用的问题。这种不平等适用体现为不同身份的死刑犯适用不平等、不同地区的死刑犯适用不平等、不同罪行的死刑犯适用不平等等方面。注射死刑不平等适用违反了法律面前人人平等原则,引起社会的诸多质疑。而注射死刑未平等适用的原因较为复杂,既因立法上存在漏洞,又受到注射成本过高,地方司法机关推动力度不够,民众报应观念较强等因素制约。     

The Economic Cost of March 11: Measuring the Direct Economic Cost of the Terrorist Attack on March 11, 2004 in Madrid

This article attempts to measure the direct costs that the terrorist attacks of 3/11 had on the economy of the region of Madrid. The evaluation has been made applying conservative criteria, and the results obtained have to be considered as minimum. The result indicates that the terrorist attacks caused a loss of nearly 212 million euros to the regional economy of Madrid, equivalent to 0.16 percent of the regional GDP (0.03 of the national GDP). This confirms that the immediate economic dimension of a terrorist attack such as the one of 3/11—apart from human catastrophic consequences—is relatively low.     

Absolute and limited war: The possibility of foreign‐imposed regime change

This paper examines the relationship between foreign imposed regime change and war participation. The oppertunity and willingness of an opponent to impose a new regime on a war participant affects the likelihood that such a change will occur. Results from a logistic regression model suggest that (1) winning or losing the war, (2) the amount of war costs the participant endures, (3) the power of the participant relative to its opponent, (4) the amount of war costs the opponent endures, (5) the occurrence of a domestic regime change during the war, and (6) the difference between the authority structures of the war participant and its opponent all have a significant and sizable impact on the probability that a war participant endures a foreign imposed regime change. The first three variables measure the opponent's opportunity to force a regime change, while the last three measure its willingness. I suggest that these results increase our ability to evaluate the likely consequences of a war, and may have important implications for our understanding of the decision to enter and terminate a war.     

江、浙、沪商务成本结构性比对及差异性分析

本文对江、浙、沪商务成本结构性趋势进行比对,研究差异原因,并探讨对政府和企业的启示。研究表明：一般而言,随着经济发展,要素成本不断上升,交易成本逐步下降,而商务成本总体呈现上升趋势。经过比对,发现要素成本上海最高,江苏最低;交易成本上海最低,粗略认为浙江交易成本略低于江苏。在此基础上,本文分别从政府和企业两个角度,对政府政策与企业选址提出相应对策和建议。     

Make and Buy—An Alternative to Make or Buy? An Investigation of Four Theoretical Explanations in Danish Municipalities

The question of whether public organizations should provide services themselves or buy them from external suppliers has become increasingly relevant due to public-sector modernization. The literature has focused on it as a question of either make or buy. Contrarily, we focus on the reasons for public organizations to simultaneously produce and contract out similar services. The article investigates different theoretical explanations for concurrent make and buy. A survey of Danish municipalities shows that make and buy seems to be a steady choice. However, the results show little support for the theoretical explanations indicating the need for more public-oriented explanations.     

Analysing the economic justification for the reforms to social welfare and family law legal aid

The Ministry of Justice plans on saving £450 million per annum from the legal aid budget through reforms contained in the Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012.Over 60% of these savings will be found by removing whole areas of law and types of problem from the scope of legal aid support. One of the principal justifications for these reforms is the economic imperative; reducing legal aid expenditure is necessary to meet the Government's fiscal targets. This article examined whether these reforms will generate the substantial savings identified in the Government's impact assessment, or whether these costs will be passed on to other areas of government. Data from the Civil and Social Justice Survey were used to model the behavioural responses of people no longer eligible for legal aid under the scope changes. Economic costs were estimated for these responses where they will be incurred by the state, although many of these costs are likely to be underestimates. Many costs could not be estimated including, inter alia, the cost of increased criminality where people seek redress outside of the justice system. The analysis focused on family and social welfare law, which together represent 82% of the proposed savings from the scope reforms. Based upon this analysis, the Government is unlikely to save more than 40% of its prediction. At the same time, these minimal savings could generate inequality of access to justice and overburden an already struggling alternative advice sector. A significant uptake in funded mediation within family law is predicted.     

加快农村集体建设用地管理制度创新探析

伴随中国城镇化迅猛发展,大中城市周边集体建设用地已经成为城镇化的主要区域。全国各地的集体建设用地流转试验为新型城镇化背景下转变增长方式、完善土地管理机制提供了宝贵经验。该文在总结各地集体建设用地流转试验基础上,提出在大中城市周边区域率先建立统一的集体建设用地流转制度,促进城市周边区域经济社会统筹协调发展的目标,并就完善集体经济组织主体地位,发挥政府引导、协调、管理和监督职能,鼓励、扶持产业支撑,深化城镇社会保障和就业体制改革,加快公共服务均等化改革和城乡综合管理体制创新等问题提出具体建议。