公司法人治理结构比较分析

公司资本结构的多元化和所有权与经营权的相分离,不可避免地产生了公司治理问题。公司治理问题的关键和核心是公司法人治理结构问题,目前世界上主要存在三种模式即英美模式、日本模式和德国模式。实践证明,日本和德国的模式整体上更为有效和成功。     

抵御外来物种入侵:我国立法模式的合理选择——基于国际社会与外国法律规制模式的比较分析

通过法律规制外来物种入侵是各国防治外来物种入侵采取的重要手段之一。目前国际社会倡导和各国立法主要确立了“法律+国家防治战略”的法律规制模式,既包括确立预防、早期监测和快速反应、控制管理评估等基本的法律制度,也包括以国家防治战略形式体现的灵活性对策措施。此外各国还建立了对外来物种入侵实施统一管理的行政体制。我国应当借鉴国外通过法律规制外来物种入侵的成功经验,尽快制定外来物种入侵防治法律并构建统一的防治外来物种入侵的管理体制。     

Planning for incapacity by people with bipolar disorder under the Mental Capacity Act 2005

The Mental Capacity Act 2005 provides a variety of legal mechanisms for people to plan for periods of incapacity for decisions relating to personal care, medical treatment, and financial matters. Little research has however been done to determine the degree to which these are actually implemented, and the approach to such advance planning by service users and professionals. This paper looks at the use of advance planning by people with bipolar disorder, using qualitative and quantitative surveys both of people with bipolar disorder and psychiatrists. The study finds that the mechanisms are under-used in this group, despite official policy in support of them, largely because of a lack of knowledge about them among service users, and there is considerable confusion among service users and professionals alike as to how the mechanisms operate. Recording is at best inconsistent, raising questions as to whether the mechanisms will be followed.     

Understanding dynamic risk factors for violence

ABSTRACT

Recent years have seen a consensus emerge regarding the dynamic risk factors that are associated with future violence. These risk factors are now routinely assessed in structured violence risk assessment instruments. They provide a focus for treatment in structured group programmes. However, relatively little attention has been paid to risk-related theoretical issues, whether these dynamic risk factors are causally related or simply correlates of violent offending, or the extent to which they change as a consequence of treatment. More challenging is the lack of evidence to suggest that changes in these dynamic risk factors actually result in reductions in violent offending. In this paper we consider the meaning of the term dynamic risk, arguing that only those factors that, when changed, reduce the likelihood of violent recidivism, can be considered to be truly dynamic. We conclude that few of the violence risk factors commonly regarded as dynamic fulfil this requirement. There is a need to think more critically about assessment findings and treatment recommendations relating to dynamic risk, and conduct research that establishes, rather than assumes, that certain dynamic risk factors are directly related to violence. Some suggestions for advancing knowledge and practice are provided.     

强制医疗中精神病人刑事责任能力的认定

精神病人刑事责任能力的认定,是启动强制医疗程序的闸口.由于我国精神病人刑事责任能力认定理论没有统一标准,导致精神病鉴定专家充当了医学裁判和法学裁判的双重角色,对精神病人鉴定程序流于形式.只有明确精神病人的法律定义,发挥法官的自由心证,提前检察机关审查和监督的介入环节,才能使精神病人肇事肇祸事件得到妥善处置.     

美沙酮维持治疗争议的讨论与思考

中国正式宣布开展美沙碣维持治疗以来,已是全世界同类禁毒防艾技术项目中实施规模最大的国家,但是国内外学术界对这一联合国艾滋病规划署和世界卫生组织倡导并力推的禁毒防艾技术项目的争议从未停止过,支持者与反对者均各执一词。从有关研究文献和资料入手,梳理美沙酮的来源、使用及在相关国家的治疗争议。分析引入中国的社会背景,对正在中国各地不断扩展的美沙酮治疗项目进行思考,并提出建议。     

论精神病人强制医疗程序中存在的问 题简

2012年刑事诉讼法增设了“依法不负刑事责任的精神病人的强制医疗程序”,从而解决了强制医疗程序在程序法层面立法空白的缺陷问题,但仍存在着鉴定程序的规定存在立法空白、危害性条件缺乏具体标准、程序启动主体缺少当事人、临时的保护性约束措施未具体规定、合议庭的组成缺乏合理规定、法律援助仅适用审判阶段等问题.为使该程序在司法实践中取得预期效果,必须解决上述问题.     

对生前预嘱相关问题的探讨

生前预嘱是指人在意识清楚时签署一份文书来事先表达出自己在生命末期的医疗意愿。本文针对生前预嘱的理解和适用中存在的相关问题作出探讨。本文以尊严死在我国的提出以及生前预嘱在我国的推广现状为基础,从法律的视角分析了生前预嘱的合法性和必要要件,并阐明了在目前的法律框架下生前预嘱还不是生效的法律文件,生前预嘱的落实还需要亲属的同意。本文借鉴其他国家和地区对生前预嘱的立法状况并结合我国的实际,提出了对于放弃治疗和尊严死的理解,以及针对医疗实践中放弃治疗的困惑提出了对放弃治疗应该严格遵循的原则。     

Chapter 8. The Mariel and Balsero Cuban Immigrant Experience

Abstract

This chapter focuses on the differential family reunification issues experienced by Cuban Marielitos and balseros upon entrance into the United States. Treatment recommendations, aimed at ameliorating the emotionally laden reunification issues, are presented within a family systems and ecological context. The overall intent of this chapter/article is to assist mental health practitioners in their therapeutic work with members of a relatively small but distinct Hispanic ethnic group. Two case vignettes are presented as a means of illustrating the key family reunifications issues that have impacted-and continue to affect-Cuban Marielitos and balseros.     

放射诊疗管理中的问题及法律适用探讨

加强放射诊疗监督管理是落实放射诊疗安全的重要内容,对确保从事放射工作的人员、接受诊疗的患者以及在放射诊疗工作场所活动的其他人员的健康权益具有重要意义。本文根据2011年12月31日通过修改的《职业病防治法》,对基层放射诊疗许可及个人防护用品管理等问题进行探讨,就法律适用中几个问题提出粗浅见解。