取保候审制度定位之思考

取保候审制度作为我国替代羁押的主要措施,其作用未得到充分有效的发挥,导致司法实践中审前羁押的大量存在,严重损害了犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的合法权益。本文对我国的取保候审制度的定位进行思考,并借鉴英美法系国家的保释制度,提出重新确立我国的取保候审制度的定位,使取保候审成为犯罪嫌疑人、被告人所享有的一项权利。     

浅议我国证人保护制度及其完善

证人出庭作证关系到实体与程序正义的实现,也关系到我国审判方式的改革,意义重大,但目前我国证人出庭作证的现状不容乐观,造成这种现状的原因之一是我国的法律体系缺乏完善的证人保护制度。可以从我国目前的证人保护制度出发,探讨其存在的缺陷,并从证人保护制度的对象、内容、启动、执行等方面提出立法建议以完善这项制度。     

民事审判方式改革与撤诉制度的完善

撤诉是人民法院审结案件的一种方式,也是当事人处分自己权利的有效手段。在现行民事审判方式改革中,完善撤诉制度对体现民事诉讼有重要意义。     

民事行政检察监督的观念更新与理念重构

民事行政检察监督机制的改革与完善势在必行。而改革与完善民事行政检察监督机制的首要任务是改变重刑事轻民事行政的检察监督观念,树立民事行政检察监督新理念。在社会主义市场经济体制下,民事行政检察监督的理念应当包括坚持司法公正原则,尊重和维护审判独立与裁判权威,遵循民事诉讼和行政诉讼基本原理以及坚持国家利益和社会公共利益原则。     

What is a Fair Trial? Rape Prosecutions, Disclosure and the Human Rights Act

This article engages with the vogue for predicting the effects of the Human Rights Act 1998 by focusing on the rape prosecution and trial. The specific interest is feminist scrutiny of the right to a fair trial, particularly the concept of ‘fairness’, in light of the increasing use of disclosure rules (in Canada and England) to gain access to medical and counseling records. Transcending the two contemporary narratives of ‘victims’/women’s rights and defendants’ rights in the criminal justice system, the authors argue for the infusion of the legal debate on disclosure with feminist understandings of wider cultural debates. They suggest that an increased reflexivity about intimacy, publicity and power, leading perhaps to the development of a concept of ‘democratic publicity’ (Fraser, 1997, p. 100), might help to revision the meaning of ‘relevant’ evidence in the rape trial. They also suggest that the wide-ranging cultural debate about memory, truth and history, and the emerging commitment to experimentation in responding to massive, institutionalised human rights violations (including apartheid, war crimes and child abuse) might be of use in deepening current thinking about the rape trial and listening to the ‘voice’ of the complainant. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Developing a Multicenter Randomized Trial in Criminology: The Case of HIDTA

In criminal justice, as in other fields, an experimental study conducted ata single site does not offer a solid basis upon which to make strong publicpolicy recommendations. To date, criminal justice researchers have reliedupon two general approaches to overcome the limitations of single-siteexperimental research. The first, termed ``meta-analysis, seeks tocombine independent studies to identify consistent effects across criminaljustice settings or contexts. The second, sometimes termed replicationstudies, seeks to replicate investigations in multiple criminaljustice jurisdictions. In this paper we describe a related approachdeveloped in clinical studies in medicine and examine its applicabilityin criminal justice settings. Termed a multicenter clinicaltrial, this method demands the implementation ofa single experimental protocol at multiple sites. We contrast themulticenter approach with other methods and provide a substantiveexample of an ongoing multicenter criminal justice study. We begin byexamining the specific limitations of current approaches and solutionsoffered by multicenter studies to overcome these. We then turn to anapplication of the multicenter clinical trial in a criminal justicesetting. Using the example of the HIDTA (High-Intensity Drug TraffickingAreas) evaluation of drug treatment programs currently being conducted atmultiple sites, we illustrate components of the multicenter approach aswell as potential drawbacks researchers are likely to face in itsapplication in crime and justice studies.     

与时俱进保持党的先进性面临的历史性考验

跨入新世纪,我们党的建设所处的环境已经发生并还正在发生着巨大变化,新情况、新问题层出不穷。我们党要与时俱进保持先进性,将面临着国际大局变动的考验、国内发展大局变动的考验以及党自身建设的考验。     

外国审前准备程序比较研究

比较研究外国的相关法律制度,有助于更好地认识、改进本国的法律。市场经济发达国家的民事诉讼都将审前准备与开庭审理分为两个独立的阶段,大陆法系一些国家的民事诉讼活动也由偏重开庭审理转向审前准备与开庭审理并重。我国民事诉讼法尚未确立审前准备程序,导致司法实践面临诸多难以解决的问题。通过比较研究,总结经验,吸取教训,无疑有助于我国审前准备程序的确立和完善。     

刑事庭审中讯问被告人程序研究

刑事庭审中对被告人的讯问程序是一项非常重要的刑事诉讼程序。我国现行刑事诉讼法中有关刑事庭审中讯问被告人程序的规定虽较之过去有了较大的改进 ,但仍存在一些问题 ,有改进的必要。     

诉讼社会视野下中国刑事司法模式的现代转型

如何以有限的司法资源应对日益增多的犯罪,这是诉讼社会视野下国人必须直面思考的重大课题。处理不当,不仅会造成严重的司法信任危机,而且也会带来更高的犯罪浪潮。因为在诉讼社会之下,案多人少的矛盾日益加剧,原有司法模式的弊端日益显著。因此,强化案件分类、实行多元模式,重视社会资本、重塑司法权威,改进司法模式、实行集中审理,应该成为诉讼社会视野下刑事司法模式现代转型的基本思路。