全球化时代的挑战与国际法院的咨询管辖权——纪念国际法院成立60周年

国际社会在历经威斯特伐里亚体系时期和国际社会组织化时期之后进入了全球化时代。这一时代给国际法提出了如下挑战如何应对国际法的碎裂和国际性法庭大量增多两大现象。作为维护国际社会公正的权威司法部门,国际法院必须对此做出反应。考虑到法院诉讼管辖权的局限,充分利用国际法院的咨询管辖权应该才是国际社会应对全球化所带来的挑战的最佳方法。与此同时,鉴于既往的经验,充分利用咨询管辖权必须坚持正确的理念。     

中国区际刑事司法协助中刑事管辖权的界定

“一国两制”使我国成为一个多法域的国家 ,对于跨法域的案件如何界定刑事管辖权 ,作者提出“属地原则为主 ,有限的属人管辖为补充 ,协商原则具有终局决定权”的观点。并对数罪涉及多个法域的案件管辖和合并审理问题提出意见。     

谈确定检察机关对渎职罪“原案”拥有管辖权的必要性

渎职罪“原案”是查处渎职罪的前提和基础,没有“原案”也就无所谓有渎职罪的存在,“原案”的存在与否,对检察机关启动法律程序对国家机关工作人员的渎职犯罪行为进行检察有至关重要的作用。但《刑诉法》修改后,检察机关对查处渎职罪案件涉及的其它刑事案件即“原案”没有管辖权,使检察机关在查处渎职侵权案件工作中遇到了前所未有的困难,从检察机关法律监督职能看,应赋予检察机关对渎职罪“原案”的管辖权。检察机关的法律监督职能是通过行使多种具体的检察权来实现的,对国家机关工作人员渎职犯罪行为行使侦查权是行使法律监督职能的一种具体体现,为了充分实现这种职能,法律应赋予检察机关在查处渎职罪过程中涉及到的相关刑事案件可以行使侦查权,赋予检察机关对渎职罪“原案”的管辖权是从程序上保证检察机关查处渎职犯罪,履行好国家法律监督职能的必要手段。     

Analyzing approaches to internet jurisdiction based on a model of harbors and the high seas

The inherent cross-border nature of the internet has challenged the legal system for over two decades. In this paper we introduce a model in which the internet is approached as if it were the high seas, the harbor of origin, the harbor of destination, or a combination of these. This model is used to rephrase existing case law related to internet jurisdiction from an international law perspective, the US and the EU (in particular Germany and the Netherlands). The model helps to illuminate the positions taken by the parties and the judge, and to indicate possible alternative interpretations. In some cases a high seas approach would have made sense (Yahoo!), or more recently the Vacation Rental by Owner case about trademarks where registration in one country was deemed to have an effect everywhere a person had the trademark on his or her computer screen. In H&M v G-star the Dutch Supreme Court even established jurisdiction based on an infringing product that was not available in the city of the court but was to become available on the internet some time in the future. We do not take a position in this paper on what perspective, based on our model, is best, but make clear how to identify the possible arguments.     

Balancing domestic regulation and trade liberalisation under the GATS: universal access issues in South Africa's telecoms sector

The service sector increasingly has become the cornerstone of a great number of economies in both the developed and developing world. The main barrier to trade in services is the imposition of domestic regulations which are aimed at ensuring the affordability, availability and efficiency of services. Such domestic regulations are important for services and the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) consequently recognises the right of countries to regulate in order to achieve these goals. The GATS, however, also seeks to discipline such regulations to ensure that they do not hinder trade in services. This article seeks to assess these seemingly competing interests in the context of South Africa's history and its burgeoning telecommunications sector.     

行政权的边界意识及其法律培植研究

行政权边界意识以哲学上的意识和边界意识为认识前提,以行政权本身为成立和运行载体,由行政权的执行者在头脑中形成与刻意.行政权边界意识的主要范畴主要包括：行政权与公民权的边界意识、行政权与共同公权力的边界意识、行政权的时空边界意识、行政责任与社会责任的边界意识.行政权边界意识的观念提升,宪法、法律以及判例对行政权与公民权边界的明确,公民权利意识对行政权边界意识的反致作用,是行政权与公民权边界意识的法律培植.而行政权与立法权、司法权边界意识以各自的权限为基本意识架构,在责任上,禁止行政责任之社会责任化承担.     

合意管辖与应诉管辖之再探讨

合意管辖具有实体法律行为和诉讼行为的双重性质,对其分析需要从两个视角同时考察。而将应诉管辖理解为默示合意管辖并不妥当。就合意管辖和应诉管辖的基本要件而言,现行立法规定尚存在诸多不合理或有待澄清之处。合意管辖的效力在司法适用中产生的争议应当区分不同情形予以审查认定。     

Space,scale and jurisdiction in health service provision for drug users: the legal geography of a supervised injecting facility

Sydney's Medically Supervised Injecting Centre delivers the significant benefits of harm reduction, but has been controversial regards the law. Its contested history is examined here through the lens of legal geography. Narrative analysis reveals that the arguments for and against the centre's establishment referenced matters ranging from international treaties through to municipal governance. These arguments and their outcome were variously shaped by the different spaces and scales of jurisdiction but not simply in a zero sum game of law played out through the hierarchically ordered nesting of container-like territories. The implications for legal geography and for public health are discussed.     

Jurisdictional integration: A framework for measuring and predicting the depth of international regulatory cooperation in competition policy

This article takes a new approach to international regulatory cooperation by developing a concept of the depth of cooperation, jurisdictional integration. A dataset of international competition policy agreements is compiled and ranked against an ordinal index of the depth of de jure cooperation in enforcing competition policies. There has been both a deepening and broadening of de jure cooperation over time. Statistical analysis finds that common membership of the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development is a strong predictor of the depth of agreements to cooperate in enforcing competition policies; that we can be confident that the depth of agreements is low when signatories' substantive competition laws are dissimilar; and that the depth of de jure cooperation is a strong predictor of whether an agreement is “intergovernmental” or “transgovernmental.” The article puts forward a new way to map and measure international regulatory cooperation, and a new variable for use in research on its causes and consequences.