The impact of judge–defendant communication on mental health court outcomes

Previous research has shown that mental health courts have been successful in reducing the rates of recidivism among mentally ill offenders. However, none of these studies, to date, have examined exactly what aspects of the courts reduce these rates of recidivism and what makes them successful. The current study utilized a sample of 291 mentally ill criminal offenders participating in a mental health court to examine whether those participants who were addressed by and communicated with the judge had a reduction in recidivism rates and the severity of new charges in comparison to those who did not. The hypotheses regarding greater judge–defendant communication and recidivism were not supported. This suggests that communication in and of itself is not sufficient to reduce recidivism. Future research of a qualitative nature is essential to identify if the frequency, tone, and valence of the communication results in improved outcomes. In addition, these results may indicate a necessity for more stringent training and guidelines for the maintenance of Mental Health Courts. Results of the current study suggested differences between genders, such that females were spoken to by the judge more frequently than were men.     

农村大学生代际沟通的阻碍探析

由于社会急剧变迁等原因,大学生与其亲代之间的代际沟通遭遇诸多阻碍,这主要体现在五个方面：（1）亲子共同话题的缺乏导致沟通趋于表面化;（2）亲子间的多重差异导致＂前喻＂与＂后喻＂均难以实现;（3）大学生的两重精神重压导致沟通难以进行;（4）父母沟通方式的失当导致亲子隔阂日益加深;（5）大学生的留守经历导致心理疏离感持续存在。研究农村大学生代际沟通的阻碍因素,能够为解决代际冲突提供借鉴,从而增进亲子感情,促进家庭和谐,维护社会稳定。     

The European public sphere and the debate about humanitarian military interventions

Studies on the democratic control and legitimacy of Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) have thus far mostly focused on formal institutions. However, a comprehensive analysis requires including the ‘sociocultural infrastructure’ in which such formal institutions are embedded. Students of democracy have argued that the public sphere is a crucial dimension, if not a precondition for all mechanisms of democratic control in general. This paper investigates whether and in which ways Europeans participated in transnational European communication on humanitarian military interventions (1990–2005/2006). The paper analyzes a full sample of 108,677 newspaper articles published in leading newspapers of six EU member states, and the US as a comparative case. It demonstrates that the ‘national’ arenas of political communication are intertwined and allow ordinary citizens to make up their minds about common European issues in the highly controversial and normatively sensitive realm of humanitarian military interventions.     

技术侦查中的通讯截取:制度选择与程序规制——以英国法为分析对象

英国作为典型的英美法系国家却在通讯截收制度上丢弃了欧美普遍实行的司法令状主义,在秉承传统侦查秘密观念下实行"行政令状"制度。该制度在受到欧洲人权法院败诉后逐渐构建了相对完备的通讯截收监督制度体系。我国技术侦查的内控模式与英国的行政令状制度极为相似,尽管2012年修改的《刑事诉讼法》将其法定化,但因未合理、清晰地指明侦查机关行使决定权的程序及适用的种类而不具有完全的"法律样态"。在我国现有的司法体制下,完善技术侦查制度不仅需要吸收英国法的教训,还要借鉴有益经验进一步构建技术侦查"必要性和最后性"的动态监督制度、获取证据材料作为定案根据的辩护制度以及向人大报告制度,在制度约束和程序控制上体现规制的严格性。     

转型时期的中国司法改革之路

当前我国的司法改革刚刚起步,然而伴随着以职业化为目标的这次改革所产生的问题却已引起人们的注意,其中司法脱离现实就是一个不可忽视的问题,如不认真反思及时加以解决甚至可能影响改革的进程。不过这些问题归根是我们改革发展中的问题,它们的解决也必须在改革中进行,并最终落脚到我国司法改革道路的反思上。针对我国司法改革的未来目标,司法职业化和精英化业已成为人们的共识,并且也已在一定的程度上得到了落实。     

中西方文化与阿拉伯伊斯兰民族文化的差异对交际与沟通的影响

由于自然条件、历史文化、宗教信仰以及民族特性等差异,世界各国形成了各自不同的风俗习惯和禁忌。在跨文化交际中,由于文化障碍而导致的信息误解现象屡见不鲜。因此,了解中西方文化与阿拉伯伊斯兰民族文化的差异对于提高跨文化交际与沟通能力有着重要的意义。     

‘Catching’ and ‘Targeting’: Risk‐Based Policing,Local Culture and Gendered Practices

The aim of this article is to explore cultural and practical aspects of the growing use of information and communication technology (ICT) in policing. By using empirical research on policing in Norway, the focus will be on how ICT is used as a crime prevention instrument in everyday police work and culture. The transition, which the new technologies mediate, will be explored by focusing on concepts of risk and materialization of risk‐based policing at the practice level in two cases: 1) a special unit fighting serious and organized crime utilizing proactive policing methods, police informers, crime profiling and databases, and 2) a police station focusing on low‐level crime by using a problem‐oriented policing model, transmitting responsibility for personal security onto identified ‘problem‐owners’.1 ‘Problem‐owner’ is a notion used by the police in the two cases. It is referring to the POP‐model, and whom they identify as important to participate in the risk‐management. According to Wright (: 121): “Partnership refers to a purposeful relationship between the police and the public or between the police and other agencies in the field.” Based on an examination of risk phenomena as contextual, embedded in practice and cultural settings, various stories about risk management will be told. The stories reflect different control strategies in the crime control discourses, and point to how risk‐based technologies are shaped and adapted in occupational culture and practice. The article illuminates the importance of studying the empirical complexity ICT is used in, and looks towards, to paraphrase O'Malley and Palmer (), ‘firewalls of resistance’ in the local occupational culture, that are preventing full integration of risk tools.     

论《著作权法》对“网播”的规制

“网播”不是“网络传播”的缩略语,也不包括“网络转播”,而是指通过网络实施的初始非交互式传播。修改前的《著作权法》对广播权的定义移植自《伯尔尼公约》的规定,不能规制“网播”,当时只能对“网播”适用“兜底权利”。《著作权法》修改后,广播权被改造为涵盖以任何技术手段进行非交互式传播的专有权利,可以规制“网播”。其规制范围不限于传播作品创作完成时的原始形态,还包括传播作品的表演和表演的录制品。     

论庭审实质化的体系化构建——以“顾雏军案”再审为例

落实庭审实质化是实现以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革目标的关键,是对复杂刑事案件进行公正审判的必要条件。“顾雏军案”的再审纠错过程,体现了庭前会议制度的运用与直接言词审理原则的贯彻对于体系化构建庭审实质化的重要作用,为实现复杂刑事案件的公正审判带来了诸多有益启示。庭审实质化的实现,不仅需要完善庭前会议制度以及直接言词审理原则的相关制度,更需要刑事诉讼办案人员提升执业素养与办案理念。     

企业并购融合的沟通问题探讨

企业并购不仅是有形资产的合并而且是企业文化、人力资源的有效整合。沟通是企业并购过程的重要活动,是实现企业并购整合的重要途径。