逻辑原点、基本原则与功能期待:完善监察监督机制的应然面向

监察监督作为反映监察委员会基本职能的内在要求,从规范的运行层面回应了集中统一反腐的政治逻辑。作为监督的实现方式之一,其广义监督的范畴涵盖了监察委员会业已整合的监督、调查与处置职能,性质上有别于党内执纪监督、人大权力监督及检察机关法律监督。在监察委员会广义监督职能的实现过程中,应从监督权配置的政治逻辑原点出发,严格保障监察监督各项功能实现的特定方式;应遵从监督法定、正当与公开的基本原则,防止“以调查为中心”的办案模式僭越监察权应有之边界;应从政治、社会、法治与人文功能期待上畅通监察监督权利救济渠道,以确保处于法治化轨道中的监察监督机制之形成契合国家监察体制改革的总体方向。     

Voting after war: Legacy of conflict and the economy as determinants of electoral support in Croatia

In spite of a rapidly expanding literature on democratization, elections, and conflict, we lack systematic understanding of what determines electoral results in post-conflict societies. This article offers a novel initiative in revealing electoral patterns in states recuperating from painful experiences of war by analyzing data from more than 500 Croatian municipalities during five post-war electoral cycles. While the findings suggest voters do respond to parties' economic policies, the underlying pattern of electoral support demonstrates that competition is heavily constrained by the legacy of conflict, with the communities more exposed to the violence being more likely to vote for the principal party of the center-right which led the country into independence and throughout the war. This tendency exhibits a remarkable level of stability over time, which suggests conflict dynamics can become firmly embedded in post-conflict democratic electoral competition – even in societies that are not ethnically diverse.     

我国民事诉讼中“严重违反法定程序”的识别与界定——基于1000份裁判文书的文本分析

司法实例统计表明,我国民事司法实务中"严重违反法定程序"的识别与认定存在混乱与无序,突出表现在法院界定"严重违反法定程序"的"非法定情形"时未遵循科学统一的识别标准,导致裁量权的滥用。作为例示规范的《民事诉讼法》第170条第1款第4项的失范是根本缘由,其择取的程序违法列举情形仅凸显违法程度的"严重性",未体现出发回重审程序违法应满足侵害当事人审级利益与存在续行言词辩论必要的特质,"严重违反法定程序"的概括事项也未因应发回重审程序违法事由的基本要义。为求得程序正当与程序安定的衡平,应当以程序规范的不同效力等级作为识别"严重违反法定程序"的标尺;仅当诉讼行为违背强行规范时,方可界定为"严重违反法定程序"。     

Postfeeding Larval Dispersal Behavior of Late Season Blow Flies (Calliphoridae) in Southern Ontario,Canada

Postfeeding dispersal involves migration of larvae away from their food source in order to pupate. Puparia are difficult to find, yet are important for estimating PMI, and missing puparia during collection can result in inaccurate estimations. This study investigates the late season maggot dispersal patterns for blow flies at coyote carcasses in two habitats with an aim to improving puparia collection procedures. Puparia samples collected from various dispersal distances and directions tested the spatial distribution patterns of the various species using the variance/mean ratio (VMR). Lucilia illustris was the most common species to emerge, with a preferred minimum dispersal distance of more than 50.8 cm and an overall VMR value of 14.91, indicating this species had a clumped distribution pattern. These findings highlight that current collection procedures that use random sampling from under carcasses do not adequately account for the spatial distribution of larvae.     

Compared to what? Media-guided reference points and relative economic voting

The idea of the relative economy, or benchmarking economic voting, has been around for a long time. However, the choice of international benchmark(s) remains underspecified, especially in cross-national and time-series studies. This paper argues that the selection process of benchmark(s) should be guided by the theory suggesting that voters benchmark countries that are similar, familiar, and connected, and that media guide voters to appreciate these reference points. Using domestic media coverage from Lexis-Nexis spanning 22 languages, 29 democracies, and over 30 years, this research identifies the unique reference points across time and space. Analysis of this novel dataset shows that voters react strongly to relative economic performance when they make vote choices. Moreover, the benchmarking effects become more pronounced with highly educated populations, but are not affected by clarity of responsibility.     

It's not only the economy,stupid! Good governance matters in elections

This paper examines the impact of good governance in elections compared to the role of the economy. The latter is considered the key factor in electoral survival, while governance issues are rarely included in politicians' discourse or campaigning strategies. Using the ParlGov data and the ICRG indicators for 160 elections, the analysis shows that good governance matters, but mainly for developing countries. Economic growth is an important electoral topic in most of the elections, but its effect varies systematically across contexts. The impact of each good governance and the economy get weaker as the other worsens, and these conditional effects are moderated by the level of economic development.     

The gender gap in same-gender voting: The role of context

If parties nominate both male and female candidates, open-list PR electoral rules enable voters to engage in same-gender voting (i.e. select candidate of the same gender). In this regard, there is a gender gap in Finland, an otherwise highly egalitarian country: over time, men tend to support mostly male candidates, while women are roughly equally divided between male and female candidates. This study investigates whether voters' likelihood of selecting a candidate of the same gender is affected by contextual factors. Based on pooled cross-sectional data from five Finnish parliamentary elections between 1979 and 2011, it shows that gender differences in same-gender voting are substantially reduced when district magnitude and gender ratios among candidates and elected deputies are taken into account.     

建构新生代农民工职业规划培训体系的宏观策略研究

当前作为推动我国经济建设重要力量的新生代农民工职业发展方向及门路迷茫,其主要原因在于职业规划意识薄弱、缺乏专业的职业规划培训.为此,亟待加强新生代农民工职业规划培训,在培训准备阶段、实施阶段、评估反馈阶段的实施过程中,政府应加大支持与推动力度,用人单位应提高发展平台与培养激励机制,培训机构应实施因地制宜的培训策略,并发挥新闻媒体及社会组织的辅助功能,以此探索建构“五位一体”的新生代农民工职业规划培训体系.     

对人大代表采取强制措施许可程序的思考——以检察机关职务犯罪侦查工作为视角

我国法律规定,县级以上地方各级人大代表,非经本级人大主席团或常委会的许可,不受逮捕等强制措施或刑事审判。但是,法律对于人大行使许可权的审查主体、内容、时限等规定语焉不详,甚至存在法律冲突,导致这一制度在执行过程中出现问题。本文将以检察机关职务犯罪侦查工作为视角,阐述对人大代表采取强制措施许可程序的症结及对策建议。     

刑事赔偿程序的理性思辨

刑事赔偿程序是国家赔偿责任的实现过程,更是受害人的权益得到救济或恢复的途径,其科学与否直接决定着赔偿请求人的权利能否实现以及如何实现.缺乏程序保障的权利谈不上真正的权利.现行程序设计不但没有给申请人实现救济、参与赔偿决定的作出提供便利,反而成为申请人实现请求权的障碍.完善刑事赔偿程序:一要取消确认程序,改确认违法和具体赔偿合二为一;二要采用诉讼形式.