刍析表决权信托客体——表决权抑或股权

表决权信托对于保护中小股东,维持股权结构,职工持股等方面都有很大的意义,其在我国的理论研究和实践方面也正广泛地展开。然而对于表决权信托的客体研究却众说纷纭,这种理论上的模糊不清导致对于表决权信托的研究始终处于一种表面的状态。文章旨在对表决权信托客体的各类学说进行梳理和纠错。从信托基本制度入手,以分析委托人和受托人之间的权利义务为主线,辅之于我国现实生活中的表决权信托实例,最终揭示出表决权信托的客体是股权这一论点。     

我国公民民主观念的构成

我国的社会主义民主改革已经逐渐深入，但是我国公民的民主观念却仍然保留有计划经济时代和大民主时代的特征，这种错误的民主观念对我国政府和社会的危害都是极大的，因此，我们必须改进我国公民的民主观念，以达成国家制度与公民的良性互动。     

国际金融组织投票权分配制度探析

国际金融组织的投票权分配制度是一种基本投票权和加权投票权相结合的加权表决制度,它存在许多问题.应当赋予发展中国家更多的投票权;增加基本票在总投票权中的比重;采用集团投票制;各组织有独立的份额分配公式,选择合理的参数和权重,改进GDP的计算方法.     

程序类型化理论：简易程序设置的理论根源

简易程序设置的理论根源多是从效率的角度来阐述的,对此,本文提出了不同的观点.主张从程序的功能--正义再分配的角度入手,探讨程序设置的理论根源.通过分析,认为程序的类型化理论是程序设置在制度层面上的理论支撑,进而提出简易程序设置的理论根源也在于程序类型化理论,最终落脚于实现正义.     

Treating Voters as an Afterthought? The Legacies of a Decade of Electoral Modernisation in the United Kingdom

Over the past decade, the UK's New Labour government has been at the forefront of efforts internationally to modernise electoral procedures, promising to deliver 'an e-enabled, multi-channel general election by 2006'. This paper considers the origins and the impacts of reforms to UK electoral procedures with a particular focus on the adoption of postal voting on demand and pilots of electronic voting and counting since 2000. The paper concludes that the principal legacy of the modernisation agenda to date is likely to have been a negative impact on public confidence in the electoral process.     

澳门回归后我国区际法律冲突问题研究

本文先就澳门回归后我国区际法律冲突的特点和解决的原则作了简明的分析，接着对中国大陆与澳门之间区际法律冲突的解决模式和步骤进行了探讨。作者在分别考察了美国、英国、澳大利亚、加拿大等国的几种典型模式的基础上，认为我国所采取的模式应该是在坚持一国两制基本原则前提下，较为灵活的、能反映中国实际的分阶段演进的模式。文章建议，由先采取类似于解决国际法律冲突的方式逐步发展到全国法律的初步统一。     

Disputes about corporate expression absorption and their legal remedies

Corporate expression is the expression that a company gives to the outside in its capacity as a legal entity. Often referring to resolutions made by shareholder meetings and the board of directors, based on good faith and bound by contractual spirit, a company must be held liable for its expression. Corporate expression absorption refers to the corporate behaviors and situations wherein the majority voting shareholders and directors replace the will of the minority voting shareholders and directors within their own will. Among them, the majority voting shareholders at a shareholders’ meeting (shareholders’ general meeting) are decision-making shareholders, and directors, managers and other senior management staff that decide corporate affairs are called decision-making members. Corporate expression absorption consists of two sorts: absorption by shareholders’ meeting and absorption by the board of directors. Shareholders’ meeting is a company’s authoritative organization; when the voting rights of some shareholders exceed the statutory limit, they will be able to manipulate the expression of shareholders’ meetings and replace the will of other shareholders with that of their own. The expression absorption by the board of directors refers to the practice wherein the majority directors decide on important corporate matters in accordance with the majority rule. Thus, it can be seen that the corporate expression absorption is a double-edged sword, not only capable of uplifting operational efficiency but also likely to help decision-making shareholders achieve personal gains and transfer corporate interests. As for the disputes of corporate expression absorption, the following legal remedies might be adopted: (1) Limit the voting rights of decision-making shareholders. (2) Provide shareholders with veto power over specific events. (3) Ask the chambers of commerce (industry associations) to arbitrate specific events. (4) Preserve the market value of shares held by dissenting directors. (5) Expand cumulative voting; (6) Provide shareholders the right to exit. (7) Legal remedies for corporate deadlock. (8) Shareholders’ derivative lawsuits. __________ Translated from China Law, No. 4, 2005     

Politics and the Adoption of Legislative Television: An Analysis of the U.S. House Vote on C-SPAN

The present study extends the work of Crain and Goff (1988) by examining the political determinants of the earliest decision to adopt legislative television on a permanent basis at the national level in the United States. Data on legislator and district characteristics are used to explain the 1977 vote to adopt C-SPAN coverage of proceedings in the U.S. House of Representatives. Logit regression results suggest that length of service and extremity of political views/ideologies had clear and significant effects on politicians' votes concerning the adoption of legislative television. As with Crain and Goff (1988), these measures capture some element of legislator self-interest.     

税收征纳法律关系的法理解析

税收征纳法律关系是发生在税收实体债务实现过程中征纳主体之间的权利 (力 )义务关系 ,是税法规范作用于税收征纳关系的过程和结果 ,它作为税法秩序的存在形态和税法的运行范畴 ,具有重大的理论与实践价值。通过对税收征纳法律关系的内在特质、多种类型关系的交织性进行详尽的法理分析 ,提出并论证了平衡精神和程序保障原则作为税收征纳法律关系本质的正当根据。     

刑事诉讼程序完善与人权保障

目前法治建设的重要目标是规范和重新调整国家和个人之间的权利义务关系,促进对人权的保护。诉讼程序的完善对人权保障有着重要意义。