Qualitative Differences Among Rural and Urban Intimate Violence Victimization Experiences and Consequences: A Pilot Study

Relatively little is known about rural women's intimate violence experiences in comparison to urban women's experiences, partly because of the difficulty in accessing rural women. This pilot study used a protective order sample of 23 women (15 urban and 8 rural), which provides an access point that is relatively similar for comparisons across rural and urban areas. The number of participants is low and, therefore, results are preliminary. However, several significant findings emerged. Rural women reported significantly less social support, less education, less income, more physical abuse in the preceding year, more childhood physical and sexual abuse, and worse overall health and mental health, as well as encountering abuse earlier in the relationship. Both groups reported higher rates of illegal drug and cigarette use than those among the general population. The findings highlight some overall important themes in examining rural and urban intimate violence victims by suggesting that rural and urban intimate violence victims have different victimization experiences and service needs. Implications for further research and intervention are discussed.     

The place of women in European royal succession in the middle ages

When in 1997 Professor Michael Bennett announced his rediscovery of Edward III’s succession charter of 1376, the general press proclaimed that succession to the English throne had for the first time been made a male preserve, and that before that date there had been no barrier to a woman occupying the throne, citing, for example, the case of Matilda, daughter of Henry I. But is this correct? By examining examples from both Britain and continental Europe from c.1100 onwards, this paper seeks to establish the true position of women in the succession to European thrones before ‘effective’ female rulers – those who ruled independently of husbands or regents – became a regular feature of the political landscape from the late fifteenth century onwards.     

妇女就业与照料孩子制度间关系的国际比较研究

从对20个西方和东欧国家照料孩子制度和妇女就业情况的考察,我们可以看出不同国家照料孩子的福利制度对妇女就业确有影响,但它只是充分条件,不是必要条件.影响一个国家妇女就业水平的因素是多方面的,其中国家的主流政治理念是最为重要的影响因素,另外,国家的整体生活水平、劳动力市场的情况等都会影响妇女的就业水平.研究表明,这20个国家的妇女就业水平有着聚敛的发展趋势.     

中青年女干部与调查研究能力培养——基于广东女子职业学院中青年女干部的培训思考

在女干部领导能力培养中,调查研究能力培养的重要性日益突出。在实证研究的基础上,针对目前女干部调查研究能力中存在的问题,从学院开展女干部培训的角度,就如何提高女干部的调查研究能力,在微观层面上提出了两点建议：一要开展专题讲座,提高调查研究的理论修养;二要加强实践锻炼,培养调查研究的操作技能。     

清代学者的妇女观探析

许多学者认为妇女解放运动的兴起在清代晚期,事实上,从清代中期学者的妇女观中已经可以看出端倪。可以说,从清中期学者的妇女观到清晚期学者的妇女观的嬗变,与妇女解放运动从萌芽到异军突起的过程是一致的。     

政治传播:村民自治中农村妇女的有效参与——基于湖北省黄村的调查分析

从"国家政治"的层面研究农村妇女参与村民自治,会对农村妇女在村民自治中的地位与作用做出不切实际的低估判断.本文以"村庄政治"为视角进行研究,证明日常生活中的政治传播是农村妇女参与村民自治的有效形式,农村妇女在村民自治中的地位与作用也因此得到真实、原本的体现.     

农村妇女自杀问题探究

农村妇女自杀现象已成为当今社会的一个突出问题。农村妇女自杀分为冲动型自杀、悲观型自杀、威胁型自杀和报复型自杀4种类型。造成农村妇女自杀的原因很多,需要我们针对性地采取防范措施,并对她们的生存状况给予特别关注。     

进城务工女性劳动和社会保障权益保护的现状分析及对策建议——以新《妇女权益保障法》为视角

《妇女权益保障法》是一部以妇女为主体,以全面保护妇女合法权益为主要内容的基本法,本文以其为视角,探讨分析进城务工女性劳动和社会保障权的立法、执法和司法的环境进行深层的剖析,分析产生的原因,提出对策建议。     

'Dat Var Negressen Walaida Snow'

This essay is about the jazz musician and black variety stage artist Valaida Snow and the years she spent caught in Nazi occcupied Denmark. Despite rumors that she was held in a concentration camp, this essay argues that she may in fact have been shielded from the occupiers by the Danes. This essay argues that a masculinist bias in popular cultural/jazz studies obscures the histories of black women expressive artists and limits theoretical possibilities in the study of performance. It argues that the study of black women performers demands the development of more supple analytical models that attend to the heterogeneity of black expressive forms.     

Self-reported crime rates of women prisoners

This paper presents findings from the first study of female prisoners' self-reports of criminal activity. Using the criminal career paradigm to frame the analysis, self-reported estimates of crime participation and frequency rates were examined for eight felony crimes. Important similarities between women and men were found in overall patterns of crime. Specifically, a small proportion ofboth women and men described committing a large portion of the total crimes reported. These data also suggest that women and men are similar in violent crime participation — a finding that varies from the current literature. Once active in a crime type, women and men committed assault, theft, and forgery at significantly different rates; no gender differences were found in the annualized frequency rates of burglary, robbery, motor vehicle theft, fraud, and drug dealing. However, although statistical differences were not found in the overall frequency of drug dealing, specific patterns of drug dealing reflected considerable gender variation, with a larger proportion of the female sample committing very frequent (daily) drug dealing activity. The findings reflect the value of the criminal career paradigm for the study of gender differences. Future research should include largescale quantitative designs that allow detailed analyses of correlates of the distinct criminal career dimensions.Points of view are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Justice.This research was funded in part by the National Institute of Justice, Grant 87-IJ-CX-0048.