Local Renewable Energy Initiatives in Germany and Japan in a Changing National Policy Environment

Our article explores the contribution of local initiatives to the creation of path dependencies for energy transition in Germany and Japan in the face of resistance from entrenched incumbents at the national level. We use a process‐tracing methodology based partly on interviews with local participants. In particular, we explore the role of local initiatives in securing “socio‐political space” for the expansion of renewable energy (RE) and in embedding themselves in “ecosystems” of public and private institutions. German energy activists were more successful than their Japanese counterparts in expanding this space and creating positive feedback in part because they were able to build horizontal networks that anchored the energy transition firmly in local communities. Although problems with grid technology have led to retrenchment in both cases, Japanese activists' reliance on vertical networks has limited their ability to weather a backlash from national government and utility actors. Our study demonstrates the interaction of political, economic/technological, and legitimation paths to energy transition and highlights the importance of the latter two.     

Senior Executives' Political Connections and Corporate Environmental Behavior—Empirical Research From the Chinese A‐Share Market

This thesis analyzed the cross‐section data of 630 non‐financial listed enterprises and adopts a logit model to estimate the relationships between political relations and corporate environmental behavior. The paper also adopts an ordered logit method to estimate the marginal impact of political connections to enterprises’ disclosure of information on environment and sustainable development. Through analysis, this thesis found that political connections lower the probability for enterprises to disclose information on environment and sustainable development. With the Level III scoring method, this article classified the performances of disclosing corporate environmental information into three levels. It is found that corporate political connections increase the probability for enterprises not to disclose any environmental information and lower the probability for enterprises to refer to GRI Sustainability Reporting Guidelines.     

Geomatic techniques in forensic science: A review

The purpose of this review paper is to highlight various geomatic techniques that crime scene reconstructionists or forensic practitioners can use to document different kinds of scenes, highlighting the advantages, disadvantages, and when best to use each technology. This paper explores geomatic techniques such as a total station, photogrammetry, laser scanners and structured light scanners and how they can be used to reconstruct crime scenes. The goal of this paper is not to discredit manual methods, as they are long standing and reliable, but instead to shed light on alternative methods that may produce equally or more accurate results with a more visually appealing final product. It is important for law enforcement and forensic professionals to understand the advantages and disadvantages of each technique, knowing when certain techniques should be used (and when they should not), and being able to revert to traditional methods if required.     

Mutual and Self Perceptions of Opposing Advocacy Coalitions: Devil Shift and Angel Shift in a German Policy Subsystem

In political conflicts, actors tend to assume that opponents behave maliciously. This phenomena is part of the “devil shift,” which was introduced in advocacy coalition framework research. We present a multivariate analysis of the perceptions of motives and actions of opposing coalitions in a political conflict and thereby analyze a major dimension of the “devil shift” and of its antonym “angel shift.” The conflict concerning the German infrastructure project Stuttgart 21 serves as a case study. We show that the radicalness of policy‐specific beliefs is the most important predictor for the intensity of mutual misperception in the researched conflict. The results further point to a more systematic inclusion of an actor's deep normative core beliefs in future analyses of distorted perception. Another central finding relates to the importance of the personal environment: actors in the subsystem share the same policy core beliefs with the majority of people in their personal environment.     

Power Sector Reforms and Technical Performance: Good News from an Instrumental Variable Analysis

Over the past three decades, various power sector reforms have overhauled the governance of electricity generation, transmission, and distribution in almost a hundred countries. Have these reforms produced benefits? Using instrumental variables, we improve upon earlier studies and demonstrate that power sector reforms enacted between 1982 and 2008 have both had large positive effects on the availability of generation capacity and reduced transmission and distribution losses. We also show that the positive effects on generation capacity are pronounced in developing countries and that hybrid reforms falling short of privatization and free competition are effective in improving generation capacity in particular. Overall, the results show that these reforms are an effective tool to remove an important constraint on economic growth.     

抗鹅细小病毒VP3蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

利用已构建好的pET-30a重组菌E.coli Rosetta(DE3)表达鹅细小病毒(GPV)VP3重组蛋白,经Ni-NTA亲和层析纯化后作为免疫原,经腹膜腔接种4～6周龄BALB/c小鼠3次,末次免疫后第3d取小鼠脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞进行融合。用建立的间接ELISA方法进行筛选,经4次亚克隆,最终获得4株能稳定分泌抗GPVVP3单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为1F1、2A9、3B11和4A2。亚类鉴定结果显示,单抗1F1为IgG2b亚型,其余3株单抗为IgG1亚型,轻链均为κ链。经间接ELISA检测,单抗1F1、2A9、3B11和4A2的腹水效价分别为1:819200、1:1638400、1:409600和1:819200。Western-blot分析表明,获得的4株单克隆抗体均能特异性识别GPVVP3重组蛋白;间接免疫荧光试验证明,这4株单抗能够与天然GPV结合。     

猪瘟病毒NS3蛋白的重组表达及其单克隆抗体的制备

以含有猪瘟病毒(CSFV)石门株全长cDNA的重组质粒pOKShimen为模板,经PCR扩增获得NS3基因,利用原核表达载体pMAL-c2X、pET32a以及杆状病毒表达载体pFastBacH T B表达CSFV石门株NS3基因,获得3种重组蛋白:MBP-NS3、His-NS3和rNS3。Western-blot分析及间接免疫荧光试验证实,这3种不同载体表达的NS3蛋白均能被猪瘟阳性血清所识别。利用直链淀粉树脂柱对重组蛋白MBP-NS3进行纯化后,用其免疫BALB/c小鼠,取脾细胞与SP2/0细胞融合,用间接ELISA筛选,获得2株能稳定传代并分泌针对抗CSFVNS3蛋白单克隆抗体的细胞株,命名为1D10和1H10。Western-blot分析及间接免疫荧光试验结果证明,这2株杂交瘤细胞分泌的单克隆抗体均可识别CSFVNS3蛋白。     

山羊痘病毒古浪株P32毒力蛋白的结构模拟与分析

以山羊痘病毒(GPV)古浪(Gulang)株的DNA为模板,采用PCR扩增目的基因p32,应用TM-pred软件预测其跨膜结构区域,通过Threading方法建立GPVGulang株P32蛋白的3D结构,并综合亲水性、可塑性、抗原指数以及表面可能性等参数预测其B细胞抗原表位。结果表明,p32在核苷酸水平上非常保守,19株GPVp32基因的整体变异率为0.22%。GPVGulang株P32结构蛋白的三维空间结构有不同的结构区域,共由14个α-螺旋、5个β折叠、35个转角和若干无规则卷曲构成。P32蛋白呈现较规则的空间构象,其中羧基末端第286～306位氨基酸区段为跨膜区域,11～19、21、47、66、123、154、155、183、185、225、230～232、235、238、239这些氨基酸在空间上共同形成的区域极有可能是抗原表位区域。     

Zur Pflicht eines Geschäftsführers einer KG,behördliche Zustellungen zu ermöglichen

Es finden sich keine gesetzlichen Grundlagen, aus denen sich ein allgemeiner Grundsatz ableiten lie?e, es sei im gesch?ftlichen Verkehr generell von jedem Empf?nger zu verlangen, stets auf beh?rdliche Zustellungen gefasst zu sein und für eine Nachsendung oder Vertretung Vorsorge zu treffen, andernfalls die Wirkungen einer wirksamen Zustellung eintreten. Die Pflicht, die für Zustellungen ma?gebliche Gesch?ftsanschrift zum Firmenbuch anzumelden, ist nur mit Schadenersatzansprüchen gegen den Gesch?ftsführer sanktioniert.