案例二则

《浅析现场物证检验鉴定在交通肇事案中所起的作用》（例一），面对为骗保而制造的假现场、为逃避处罚而请人冒名顶替的情况，现场物证检验鉴定可提供科学、客观的结论，进而为准确划分责任，及时处理事故提供依据；《浅析尸体解剖在交通逃逸事故处理中的重要性》（例二），面对两名驾驶员的疑问，对尸体进行解剖认定责任。     

电子商务中的认证技术

认证技术是保证电子商务安全的重要技术手段,是防止信息被篡改、删除、重放和伪造的一种有效方法,它具有被验证的能力,使接收者能够识别和确认消息的真伪。常用的安全认证技术主要有数字证书、数字签名、数字信封等。文中分析了电子商务的这几种认证技术。     

医疗损害鉴定主体改革刍议

医疗损害鉴定主体,包括鉴定机构及鉴定人,是医疗损害鉴定制度改革的起点。医疗事故鉴定模式中的专家组并不是鉴定主体,但其合议制的实质对鉴定结论的科学性具有重要作用,应予保留。应改革鉴定结论形成机制,允许出具多样化的鉴定结论。医疗损害鉴定制度的改革应采取司法行政部门主管、司法鉴定机构组织鉴定工作、医学会推荐鉴定人的模式。由于医学的专业性极强,鉴定人应当来自于现任专职医务人员。在保证鉴定人中立性、公正性的同时,要重视保证医务人员参与鉴定工作的积极性。     

Solving the legal challenges of trustworthy online identity

Digital identity management is fundamental to the further development of the Internet economy. It is a foundational requirement for most substantive e-commerce transactions and other online activities.     

对刑事案件中少量字迹检验的思考

近年来,我们所做的笔迹鉴定中,经常是在刑事案件现场中搜集到少量笔迹材料,而这些笔迹材料记录的恰恰是案件中的重要凭证,是公安机关查明案件的重要证据和有力武器。困此,本文有必要在这方面作进一步的探讨和研究。     

关于我国医疗过失与因果关系之鉴定和认定的思考

我国法律在医疗过失和因果关系的认定问题上,应坚持医疗＂专家＂判断和＂同行＂鉴定,旨力于构建平衡患者利益和医方利益的规则,区分医疗专家意见和法官法律判断,区分违反通常诊疗义务的医疗侵权和违反告知义务的医疗侵权,区分＂合理医生＂标准、＂医疗水平＂标准和＂医疗常规＂标准。     

医疗损害鉴定主体改革刍议

医疗损害鉴定主体,包括鉴定机构及鉴定人,是医疗损害鉴定制度改革的起点。医疗事故鉴定模式中的专家组并不是鉴定主体．但其合议制的实质对鉴定结论的科学性具有重要作用,应予保留。应改革鉴定结论形成机制,允许出具多样化的鉴定结论。医疗损害鉴定制度的改革应采取司法行政部门主管、司法鉴定机构组织鉴定工作、医学会推荐鉴定人的模式。由于医学的专业性极强,鉴定人应当来自于现任专职医务人员。在保证鉴定人中立性、公正性的同时,要重视保证医务人员参与鉴定工作的积极性。     

对法医临床鉴定若干问题的思考

本文针对法医临床鉴定工作中存在的对鉴定时限、鉴定机构权限、鉴定人资格、法医鉴定、医学鉴定等概念的认识误区进行了分析,并就解决这些问题、进一步提高法医临床鉴定水平的途径作了有益的探讨。     

Developing regulatory standards for the concept of security in online dispute resolution systems

Online dispute resolution (ODR) has improved access to justice in the digital world. ODR users benefit from faster and cheaper dispute resolution mechanisms compared to traditional litigation and Alternative Dispute Resolution. There are few and quite varied regulatory systems for ODR.This research aims to develop a set of standards to measure the concept of security and to increase the consistency of security in ODR systems. An exploratory mixed method approach is used, involving a quantitative (survey) and mainly qualitative approach (face-to-face interviews) for gathering data. We identify three elements of information security, privacy, and authentication as standards for an appropriate ODR legal framework. Finally, these findings led to practical implications for policy makers and regulators.     

Comparisons of protocols for enhanced DNA profile quality from FTA®-deposited urine samples

Disputes over the identity of a urine sample donor have been reported, and urine authentication by genetic profiling has helped resolved the cases. However, since genotyping of urine is not always required, many drug-testing laboratories may face sample storage issues. Several studies have investigated the use of FTA® cards as a convenient tool for keeping specimen at room temperature for extended periods of time. However, generating complete STR profile from some FTA®-deposited urine samples remains challenging due to low levels of genetic material content, necessitating amendments to the laboratory’s standard protocols. This work therefore aims to evaluate the effects of two DNA template preparation methods, both employing FTA® cards as the storage medium, on the success rates of STR profiling from urine. Specimen from a female volunteer, representing a particularly low-yield sample, was employed. Aliquots of 1 and 2 mL were used as the starting material to evaluate DNA template preparation using the FTA® manufacturer’s protocol for disc purification against elution of DNA from the FTA® using Prepfiler™ Forensic DNA Extraction Kit. AmpFℓSTR™ Identifiler™ Plus PCR Amplification Kit was used to amplify the STR markers, and the PCR products were analysed using Applied Biosystems™ 3500xL Genetic Analyzer. The DNA profile qualities were examined in terms of number of loci detected and peak height balance. Comparisons with the profiles obtained from DNA isolated using QIAamp® DNA Micro Kit from 1 and 2 mL of the same batch of urine were also made. The optimised protocol was then tested on urine samples from three male volunteers. The results showed that the purification of FTA® punches according to the manufacturer’s protocol enabled full DNA profiles to be obtained from both 1 and 2 mL of urine from all samples tested, including male samples. In contrast, no DNA profile could be generated from the DNA eluted with the Prepfiler™ kit. When compared with the more conventional solid-phase DNA extraction method, the profiles generated from the FTA® punches exhibited similar reproducibility and quality to those from the template isolated by the QIAamp® Kit. This work further demonstrated the feasibility of FTA® cards as a tool for specimen storage and DNA template preparation from small volumes of urine for authentication by STR profiling. Full STR profiles could be generated from sample from both sexes without modification of the PCR conditions or injection time.