Reliability in age determination by pulp/tooth ratio in upper canines in skeletal remains

Estimation of age of skeletal remains is one of the most complex questions for anthropologists. The most common macroscopic methods are based on dental wear and histological evaluation of bone remodeling. These methods are often qualitative, require great technical expertise, and have proved inexact in the estimation of ages over 50 years. Certain dental methods investigate the apposition of secondary dentine, in the study of tooth cross-sections, and X-rays to study width, height, and pulp area. The primary author previously proposed a method of estimating the age of a living person based on the pulp/tooth ratio (PTR) method in the upper canines. The aim of the present study is to verify whether the PTR method can also be used to estimate the age at death of skeletal remains. This paper investigates the study of historical samples of known age as a means to validate the proposed method.     

Aberrent group B reactions detected in mixtures of semen and vaginal secretions possibly due to acquired B

Routine ABO grouping tests performed on vaginal swabs from a group O female showed the presence of blood group B activity as well as the expected A and H activity after intercourse with her group A partner. The source of the B activity was readily detectable using the Laboratory's routine elution test, but it was not detectable when a monoclonal anti-B was used and detection by the inhibition technique was possible only with a selected antiserum. A possible explanation of the reactions observed is that the acquired B is capable of reacting with only a portion of the antibodies present in normal polyclonal anti-B sera.     

美国反补贴法中“因果关系”的确定及其对我国的启示

在反补贴调查中,"因果关系"的审查和确定是决定反补贴措施是否公平合理的关键所在,各国对此做法不同、争论很大.在"因果关系"的确定上,WTO补贴与反补贴措施协议>的规定存在不明确之处,各国对其保留有相当程度的解释空间.美国反补贴法在因果关系上的用语与<补贴与反补贴措施协议>不同,同时还存在两个重要的争议因果关系是应存在于"进口"与"损害"之间,还是存在于"补贴"与"损害"之间;应同时决定还是别决定损害与因果关系.在因果关系的具体分析方法上,我国可借鉴美国的"整体分析法".     

All in the Family? Family Environment Factors in Sibling Violence

Sibling violence is presumed to be the most common form of family violence and the least studied. Based on data from “Physical Violence in American Families, 1976,” this paper assesses the family environment factors associated with sibling physical violence. Of a range of potential family influences, measures of family disorganization were the most significant predictors of sibling violence, overriding the characteristics of children or particular family demands. What mattered most to the occurrence of sibling violence was a child’s actual experience of physical violence at the hands of a parent, maternal disciplinary practices and whether husbands lose their temper. These findings point to the deleterious effect of corporal punishment, and suggest sibling violence in families is associated with more ominous family and gender dynamics.

从"非此即彼"到"亦此亦彼"——和谐社会的思维特征

“非此即彼”思维长期支配了人们的思想和行动。在以和平与发展为主题的21世纪,人类主导的思维方式势必会发生变化,即宽容、理性的“亦此亦彼”思维将会取代两极对立的“非此即彼”思维而取得主导地位。人们在社会进步发展中也同时逐步减少集团之间的差异,并通过各种法律的、政治的和经济的手段淡化阶级、集团之间的差异,加深人与人之间的相互理解。世界经济一体化趋势快速发展,人类共同利益日益重要,反映在人们的思维态度上就是认同感增强。“亦此亦彼”思维方式势必成为21世纪人类主导的思维方式,且将成为构建和谐社会的重要思维特征。     

16SrDNA序列分析在嗜尸性蝇类鉴定中的应用

目的通过mtDNA上16SrDNA中551bp基因序列分析,解决依据COI和COII上278bp和635bp基因序列难以鉴别丝光绿蝇、铜绿蝇种类的难题,为法医学嗜尸性苍蝇种类的鉴别提供依据。方法随机采集放置在呼和浩特及成都地区室外草地家兔尸体上的铜绿蝇和丝光绿蝇,对其mtDNA上16SrDNA中551bp基因序列进行分析、比对,构建系统发育树。结果通过对嗜尸性蝇类mtDNA上16SrDNA的551bp基因序列分析可以对丝光绿蝇和铜绿蝇进行鉴别。结论16SrDNA上551bp基因序列分析是对嗜尸性蝇类(尤其是铜绿蝇和丝光绿蝇)进行种类鉴定的有效方法,是对依据COⅠ和COⅡ序列分析方法鉴别嗜尸性苍蝇种类的重要补充。