Treating high-risk rapists in a New Zealand intensive prison programme

The focus of this article is on the pilot development and implementation of a prison-based intensive treatment programme for high-risk adult-victim rape offenders in New Zealand. Advances in actuarial risk assessment enabled the identification of a group of high-risk adult sex offenders for whom no dedicated treatment programme existed. Based on a review of the treatment literature for rapists, a pilot programme was developed called the Adult Sex Offender Treatment Programme (ASOTP). The programme, based on the risk–need–responsivity and cognitive behavioural therapy principles, also used an adaptation of Young's schema therapy to address personality responsivity issues and specific idiosyncratic schema associated with participant offence pathways identified by the Massachusetts Treatment Centre classification (Version 3 for rapists). Measures of responsivity and dynamic risk administered in the ASOTP indicated some success in addressing treatment needs for the pilot participants (n=10). The programme has subsequently been expanded across prison specialist treatment unit sites and delivered to a further 52 participants. Although intermediate measures continue to indicate change in dynamic risk, recidivism outcome evaluations have not yet been possible, due to low numbers of paroled participants.     

Parental Battlefield: Divorcing Parents and the Treatment of Children with ADHD

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) typically manifests as inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity among children, resulting in stimulant drug therapy. Children exposed to high‐stress situations, such as divorcing parents, are twice as likely to present with ADHD symptoms. Often these symptoms are a result of the stress and not truly ADHD. Additionally, parents in conflict frequently disagree about the appropriate diagnosis and treatment for their child, which leads to court disputes. Thus, this Note proposes a policy be implemented setting forth alternatives that must be exhausted for a period of time prior to administering stimulants to a child of divorce.     

Developing an intervention to overcome procrastination

ABSTRACT

The main goal of this study was the development of a reliable intervention to overcome general procrastination orientated to college students, designed to be used in practical clinical work. The workshops involved six meetings based on behavioral and cognitive techniques, paradox intervention, and psychoeducation. 175 students participated voluntarily. Their procrastination levels were measured in a pretest, post-test, and a 3-month follow-up. After the first interview, the participants were randomly divided into three groups (Intervention A, Intervention B, and a control group with no intervention). There was a significant improvement after the intervention. After 3 months, the average score was still significantly lower than in the pretest, whereas the score of the control group remained unchanged. The participants in Workshop A scored significantly lower in the post-test than the ones in Workshop B. After 3 months, the participants in Workshop B scored significantly lower in the follow up. So both interventions resulted to be effective in reducing procrastination sustainably.     

Effectiveness of a risk–need–responsivity‐based treatment program for violent and sexual offenders: Results of a retrospective,quasi‐experimental study

Purpose

Relapse prevention is an important goal in correctional settings. Although there is strong evidence for the effectiveness of certain treatment programs for juvenile offenders, those for adults lack such evidence. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a risk–need–responsivity (RNR)‐based intervention.

Methods

A quasi‐experimental, observational study design and cox regression analysis were used to compare treated violent and sexual offenders (n = 171) with untreated offenders (n = 241).

Results

Both groups were observed for an average of 7.9 years. Recidivism rates of treated offenders (11.7%, n = 20) were similar to those of control offenders (15.8%, n = 38; p = .25). When controlling for confounding variables, the hazard of recidivism in the treatment group was 5.2% lower than that in the control group. Subdividing the treatment group resulted in lower hazard ratios for offenders still in therapy when released and offenders cancelling therapy. However, none of the group differences was statistically significant.

Conclusion

Our results show that control and RNR‐based treatment groups had comparable recidivism rates with a trend towards a positive treatment effect, especially for people in outpatient treatment. However, criminal history, age at the start of follow‐up, and actuarial risk of recidivism were significantly associated with recidivism. Future research needs to apply elaborate methodological approaches to detect robust treatment effects and consider different criteria of treatment effectiveness. Furthermore, the influence of prison climate, motivational factors, intervention quality, and factors supporting the success of outpatient treatment should be considered in future studies of larger offender samples.     

Sibling Incest: A Model for Group Practice with Adult Female Victims of Brother–Sister Incest

Working with groups of people who have been sexually abused introduces mutual experiential themes into the process that can be beneficial and meaningful. This paper discusses brother–sister incestuous sexual abuse with implications for group work. Literature and research is reviewed concerning sexual abuse, incest, family relationships, and theories that aid in explaining incest. Themes covered include: effects of incest, coping methods, blaming, and family of the victim. Common themes are explored and implications for group work are suggested on the basis of length, detail, structure, content, and pre-group contact.     

美术治疗中的儿童绘画评价——基于系统论的视野

在系统论的视角下,儿童绘画评价既是美术治疗中的一个重要因素,同时也是一个有机的系统.在美术治疗中,儿童绘画评价要立足于治疗过程中治疗师与儿童的互动关系,综合考量儿童所处的生活背景对儿童的"绘画动机"、"绘画过程"和"绘画作品"的影响,进而对儿童的行为表现等作出全面、系统的诊断和评价,最终制定和实施有针对性的治疗方案.     

中药序贯疗法联合克龄蒙治疗人工流产术致月经过少疗效观察

目的 观察中药序贯疗法联合克龄蒙治疗人工流产术后月经过少的临床疗效。方法 将60例人工流产术致月经过少患者随机分成对照组和治疗组,每组30例,治疗组给予中药序贯用药联合克龄蒙口服,对照组仅给予克龄蒙口服,疗程均为3个月经周期。观察两组患者治疗前后月经量和卵泡早期性激素［促卵泡激素（follicle stimulating hormone,FSH）、黄体生成素（luteotropic hormone,LH）、雌二醇（estradiol,E2）水平。结果 治疗组临床疗效明显优于对照组（P<0.05）;治疗组患者月经量增加程度明显高于对照组（P<0.05）;两组患者治疗后血清FSH水平较治疗前均明显下降（P<0.05）、E2水平均明显上升（P<0.05）,两组患者治疗前后FSH、E2差值比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 中药序贯疗法联合克龄蒙治疗能显著增加人工流产术致月经过少患者的月经量。     

穴位贴敷联合铝碳酸镁及补液治疗妊娠剧吐疗效观察

目的 观察穴位贴敷联合铝碳酸镁及补液治疗对妊娠剧吐孕妇的疗效。方法 将69例妊娠剧吐孕妇分为穴位贴敷组(穴位贴敷联合铝碳酸镁及常规补液)30例和对照组(铝碳酸镁联合常规补液)39例,观察并比较两组孕妇住院时间,治愈时间,尿酮体转阴率时间,两组孕妇尿酮体转阴率,二次住院率,治疗前后妊娠-呕吐与恶心独特量表(pregnancy-unique quantification of emesis and nausea, PUQE)评分,症状评分,妊娠呕吐生活质量(nausea and vomiting of pregnancy quality of life, NVPQOL)评分及临床疗效。结果 与对照组比较,穴位贴敷组孕妇住院时间、治愈时间及尿酮体转阴时间均显著减少(P<0.05)。两组孕妇尿酮体转阴率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组PUQE评分均较前一时点显著减少(P<0.05),从治疗第2天起,穴位贴敷组PUQE评分均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后两组孕妇症状评分、NVPQOL各项目评分均较治疗前显著减少(P<0.05),且穴位贴敷组...     

中西医结合治疗脑干出血16例临床分析

目的 通过回顾性分析脑干出血患者的临床资料,为其临床治疗提供依据。 方法 16例脑干出血患者均接受中西医结合疗法,包括常规西药治疗、高压氧治疗、理疗、加减补阳还五汤内服、针灸、推拿,治疗前后分别采用格拉斯哥昏迷量表（Glasgow coma scale,GCS）评价昏迷程度,采用神经功能缺损程度评分减少率评定临床疗效。 结果 治疗前后GCS评分比较,差异具有统计学意义（29.81±6.88 vs 14.88±8.88,t=5.77,P=0.000）。16例脑干出血患者中,基本痊愈3例,显著进步5例,进步4例,无效4例。 结论 中西医结合疗法对提高脑干出血的临床疗效及改善预后有一定意义。     

清热凉血法治疗血热型银屑病的疗效及对血清P物质、血管内皮生长因子的影响

目的 探讨清热凉血法治疗血热型银屑病的临床疗效及对血清P物质(substance P,SP)、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF)的影响。方法 将43例血热型银屑病患者随机分为观察组(22例)和对照组(21例),在外用尿素乳膏的基础上,观察组予以口服清热凉血方剂,对照组予以口服复方氨肽素片,疗程均为8周。比较两组患者治疗前后银屑病面积与严重性指数(psoriasis area and severity index, PASI)、四条目瘙痒问卷(four-item itch questionnaire, FIIQ)评分、血清SP和VEGF水平,并评估临床疗效和不良反应发生率。结果 观察组临床疗效显著优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组治疗后PASI、FIIQ评分、SP水平、VEGF水平均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05),且观察组降低程度较对照组更为显著(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,观察组的不良反应发生率更低(P<0.05)。结论 清热凉血法能有效治疗血热型银屑病,缓解瘙痒,降低血清SP和VEGF水平,且...