图解“国家情报模式（NIM）”

国家情报模式（NIM）是英国警务实施的国家改革项目,该项目制定了一套比较科学的国家情报标准,2002年英国警察改革法案颁布了135个国家情报模式运行最低标准,可从NIM业务处理流程图上看,这些标准主要涉及11个方面。     

供给侧结构性改革背景下兼并重组企业劳动关系的协调力研究 —— 以东部沿海地区制造企业为例

本研究基于东部沿海地区制造企业的调查，从员工自制力、企业管理力、工会协商力、政府指 导力和非政府组织监督力等五个维度构建了劳动关系协调力对雇员和谐感受的结构方程模型，分析了中国制造 企业劳动关系协调力与雇员和谐感受之间的路径系数。研究表明，员工自制力、企业管理力、政府指导力和非 政府组织监督力对雇员和谐感受具有显著性的正向作用，它们的路径系数从大到小依次为非政府组织监督力、 政府指导力、员工自制力、企业管理力。工会协商力对雇员和谐感受虽然具有正向作用，但不显著。构建企业 和谐劳动关系，需要健全“五力联动”的劳动关系协调机制，其中，政府相关职能部门要发挥更大的指导作用， 企业工会的使命和职责需要进一步明确和增强，非政府组织的监督和维权行为需要进一步完善和规范。     

Strategy of Chinese policy entrepreneurs in the third sector: challenges of “Technical Infeasibility”

Studies of policy entrepreneurs have become a staple of public policy research. Very few such studies deal with the circumstances of China. This paper aims to remedy this oversight by exploring the mechanisms of policy change in China. Using John Kingdon’s Multiple Streams (MS) Model, the author develops the “Technical Infeasibility Model.” The paper tests the MS model’s applicability to China by examining strategies put forth by Chinese policy entrepreneurs in the third sector. It considers how they may successfully promote change by using a strategy of proposing a relatively radical policy concept that is politically acceptable and technically infeasible to policy makers. To illustrate such a strategy, this paper considers a case of policy change involving Chinese urban vagrants. The policy on “Detention and Repatriation,” which was first implemented in 1982, was challenged following the Sun Zhigang Incident in March 2003. Shortly thereafter law scholars filed two suggestion letters to the National People’s Congress Standing Committee calling for a constitutionality review of the Detention and Repatriation System. Though it was “technically infeasible” to air such a proposal in China at that time, the State Council initiated action to abolish certain provisions of the Detention and Repatriation System. However, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee did not conduct a constitutionality review.

The use and non-use of policy appraisal tools in public policy making: an analysis of three European countries and the European Union

The increasing complexity of policy problems, coupled with the political desire to base new policies on the foundation of firm evidence, has accelerated the development of policy assessment tools. These range from complex computer models and cost benefit analysis through simple checklists and decision trees. In the last decade, many governments have established formal policy assessment systems to harness these tools in order to facilitate more evidence-based policy making. These tools are potentially widely available, but to what extent are they used by policy makers and what becomes of the evidence that they generate? This paper addresses these questions by studying the empirical patterns of tool use across 37 cases in three European countries and the European Commission. It uses a simple classification of tools into advanced, formal and simple types. It finds that even when tools are embedded in policy assessment systems, their use is differentiated and on the whole very limited, in particular when it comes to more advanced tools. It then explores these patterns from contrasting theoretical perspectives to shed light on why, when and how different policy assessment tools are used in the policy process.     

论电子政务的理论基础——以“价值支配科技”的基本观念为核心

电子政务是一把双刃剑 ,在提高行政效率的同时可能损害民族文化的多样性和公民基本权利保护的法治价值。为此 ,必须确立“价值支配科技”的哲学理念 ,认真审视普遍存在的电子政务泡沫 ,整合现代信息化理论、新公共管理理论和法治国家理论 ,为我国电子政务的良性发展构建系统的理论基础。     

身份理论视域下他者对“中国模式”的学术话语体系建构

中国模式正在成为后冷战时期西方定义中国身份的一个重要话语,以西方对"中国模式"进行研究为代表的"中国模式学术话语"是这一身份建构过程中的关键性环节。西方学术界试图从经济、政治、文化、社会和历史等维度建立中国模式与中国身份之间的关联,以简单而又有明确内涵的"西方中国模式"为中国定义身份。西方"中国模式"学术话语体系的形成及扩散在一定程度上影响了中国的认知图式和身份认同叙事。为此,我们有必要从构建中国的自我身份、解构西方叙事、提升解读中国道路的话语权等方面努力,不断增强中国道路或中国模式的正当性阐释,在更高的层面上实现自我认同、自我批判与自我超越。     

从撤诉到契约:当代中国行政诉讼和解模式之转型

近年来,各地人民法院在审判实践中广泛开展了行政诉讼协调和解工作,我国已经事实上存在了行政诉讼和解制度,学界将这种由人民法院建立的行政诉讼和解制度归结为撤诉模式。但是,这种和解制度存在着法律缺陷,实践中也出现了一系列问题。为了解决撤诉模式所面临的困境,本文提出了当代中国行政诉讼和解应当实现由撤诉模式向契约模式转型的观点。     

A simpler solution for offshoring personal information?

This article looks at the European Commission’s recent revisions to the controller-processor model clauses to allow the transfer of personal data to processors and sub-processors based outside of the EEA. These new sub-processing provisions are the subject of a recent opinion by the Article 29 Working Party that is both helpful and is likely to ease the use of these clauses. However, many of the other problems associated with the use of these clauses remain, especially the lengthy and bureaucratic filing and approval requirements mandated under many national laws.     

环境损害赔偿与公益信托——以福岛核事故为中心

福岛核辐射事故造成包括森林、海洋、湖泊、地下水等的环境损害,其中,有些是私人受到了损害,有些是社会受到了损害。这些损害应该如何赔偿?特别是自然资源价值的赔偿是问题的难点所在,比如自然资源之森林,交换价值的赔偿应归属于所有人,其非使用价值则应归属于公众。因此,非使用价值则应赔偿给公众。但是,如何归属呢?对此,宜采用公益信托理念,由国家或地方政府作为受托人,为了社会整体享有利益,请求赔偿。而赔偿方式也是一个重要问题,一般有恢复原状、金钱赔偿两种,一般计算出的环境价值减少部分低于恢复原状的费用,但如果能准确计算出全部自然资源价值,环境价值减少部分与恢复原状的费用基本上相同。因此,公益受托人可以选择任何一种适于该情形的赔偿。     

区域科技创新的财政支持政策工具研究——基于清晰集定性比较分析方法

以我国27个省2012-2016年科技创新能力与相关政策数据为例,通过定性比较分析方法(QCA)研究区域科技创新能力变化与科技创新政策中财政支持工具组合的逻辑关系,研究发现:新型财政补助方式是提高创新能力的必要条件,更多地采取创新券、后补助等新型补助方式有利于创新能力的提高;间接税收优惠是提高创新能力的充分条件,奖励与创新能力的提高有很强的关联性;现有的风险补偿和股权投资方式不利于提高创新能力;财政政策的效果更多地取决于不同的财政支持方式的匹配,合适的组合才能起到提高创新能力的作用。