论人民监督员制度

为加强外部监督,切实防止和纠正检察机关查办职务犯罪工作中执法不公的问题,最高人民检察院创设了人民监督员制度。本文以法律监督基本原理为基础,对国外相关监督制度进行比较评析,提出人民监督员制度应在监督主体的选择、监督程序及其运作等方面进一步完善,以确保监督目的的实现,防止人民监督员制度在推广中步入形式化、象征性的困境。     

Collection and direct amplification methods using the GlobalFiler™ kit for DNA recovered from common pipe bomb substrates

When analyzing DNA from exploded pipe bombs, quantities are often in trace amounts, making DNA typing extremely difficult. Amplifying minute amounts of DNA can cause stochastic effects resulting in partial or uninterpretable profiles. Therefore, the initial DNA collection from “touch” evidence must be optimized to maximize the amount of DNA available for analysis.This proof-of-concept study evaluated two different swab types with two direct amplification strategies to identify the most effective method for recovering DNA from common pipe bomb substrates. PVC and steel pipes, electrical tape, and copper wire spiked with epithelial cells were swabbed with cotton or microFLOQ® Direct Swabs and amplified directly or via a pre-treatment prior to STR amplification.Not only was the microFLOQ® Direct Swab protocol the quickest method with the least risk of contamination, but in combination with direct amplification, the microFLOQ® Direct Swabs also generated the most complete STR profiles.     

Child-related leave and women’s labour market outcomes: towards a new paradigm in the European Union?

The current European Union (EU) legislative framework on child-related leave is facilitating an imbalance in the take-up of leave by women over men. There is a consolidated EU right to maternity leave for mothers but there is no parallel EU right to paternity leave for fathers. The EU right to parental leave is for both working mothers and fathers, but its design does not encourage an equal take-up by women and men. The aim of this article is to gain insight into the effects of child-related leave on women’s labour market outcomes. On the one hand, it reviews and analyses economic literature which points to the adverse consequences of leave on women’s earnings, and even on women’s labour market participation when the absences from work are very prolonged. On the other hand, it underlines the new direction followed by the European Commission towards greater equality between men and women at home and at work.     

三阳清解方联合穴位放血治疗流行性感冒疗效观察

目的 观察三阳清解方联合穴位放血治疗流行性感冒的临床疗效.方法 将45例流行性感冒患者随机分为治疗组23例,对照组22例.对照组予以重组人干扰素α和磷酸奥司他韦治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加用三阳清解方联合穴位放血治疗.比较两组患者治疗前后症状评分、体温复常时间、核酸转阴率、白细胞计数、淋巴细胞比率、C-反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、血清淀粉样蛋白A(serum amyloid A,SAA)水平.结果 治疗后两组患者咳嗽、咽痛、口渴、乏力、四肢酸痛评分均显著降低(P<0.05),两组患者淋巴细胞比率、CRP、SAA水平较治疗前降低(P<0.05),白细胞计数较治疗前升高(P<0.05);治疗组患者咳嗽、口渴、四肢酸痛评分下降程度显著大于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组白细胞计数升高程度,CRP、SAA水平降低程度均明显大于对照组(P<0.05),治疗组病毒抗原转阴率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),治疗组体温复常时间较对照组显著缩短(P<0.05).结论 三阳清解方能有效改善临床症状,提高病毒核酸转阴率,降低淋巴细胞比率、SAA、CRP水平,提升白细胞数.     

四代中央领导核心的党的先进性建设思想

党的先进性历来是随着形势和任务的变化而不断丰富和发展的。四代中央领导核心都始终重视加强党的先进性建设。随着时代和实践的发展,他们关于党的先进性建设思想的着力点有继承又有创新,体现了党的先进性建设的不断深化过程。     

高利转贷罪认定中的几个问题

高利转贷罪由套取信贷资金和高利转贷两个相互关联的行为组成。高利是指高于获取贷款的利率。本罪的故意应包括实施套取信贷资金和高利转贷两部分。在实施套取资金行为时 ,行为人的故意内容是获得信贷资金 ;高利转贷时 ,目的是获取非法利益。这两部分必须密切结合在一起 ,套取信贷资金时 ,行为人已具有通过转贷牟利的目的了。     

背俞穴拔罐对慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者免疫功能的影响

目的 观察背俞穴拔罐对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD)稳定期患者细胞免疫、体液免疫功能的影响. 方法 将80例慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者随机分为治疗组、对照组各40例.对照组采用解痉平喘、止咳祛痰等常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗的基础上加用背俞穴拔罐治疗.观察两组患者治疗前后免疫球蛋白和T淋巴细胞亚群的变化. 结果 与治疗前比较,治疗后治疗组IgG、IgA、IgM和CD3+、CD4+、CD4 +/CD8+均显著升高(P<0.01),且显著高于对照组(P<0.01). 结论 背俞穴拔罐可明显改善COPD稳定期患者的免疫功能,起到了治疗作用.