Evaluation of Bluestar® Forensic Magnum and Other Traditional Blood Detection Methods on Bloodstained Wood Subjected to a Variety of Burn Conditions,

Accurate blood detection is a primary concern for forensic scientists, especially in highly compromised situations. In this study, blood was added to wood blocks and subjected to a variety of fire treatments: the absence or presence of accelerant, burn time (1, 3, or 5 min), and extinguishment method (smothering or dousing with water). Burned blocks were given a qualitative burn score, followed by removal of half of the char from each block and subsequent testing of each half for blood using luminol (13% positive; n = 96), Bluestar^® Forensic Magnum (5.2% positive; n = 96), and combined phenolphthalein tetramethylbenzidine test (0% positive; n = 192). Luminol and Bluestar® Forensic Magnum performed similarly, both outperforming PTMB. Additionally, positive results were more likely from samples that were smothered, had a low burn score, and had more concentrated blood solutions (neat or 1:2). Overall, it is extremely unlikely that blood would be detected on combustible substrates exposed to direct fire.     

人体内血醇浓度变化及其影响因素分析

目的探索饮酒后人体内血醇浓度(BAC)变化及其影响因素,建立BAC代谢的数学模型。方法采用顶空气相色谱氢火焰离子化检测器和内标曲线法测量酒后人体内的BAC,利用SPSS20.0和R软件对数据进行相关性分析并建立数学模型。结果女性的平均BAC消除速率为9.54mg/100m L/h,男性的平均BAC消除速率为12.19mg/100m L/h,女性消除速率小于男性,并且BAC消除速率与性别中等相关,与体重强相关,与年龄无关。通过构建混合效应模型可以准确的预测BAC,该模型的平均绝对误差(MAE)为1.60mg/100m L,其次利用决策树分析数据,其MAE为9.99mg/100m L。结论饮酒后人体内BAC消除速率与性别、体重有关,通过时间、饮酒量、性别、体重建立混合效应模型可以准确推断BAC。     

Preparation of Artificial Blood from the Extract of Legume Root Nodules,and the Creation of Artificial Latent Fingermarks in Blood Using Artificial Blood,

Distribution of homogeneous fingermarks in blood is essential for conducting proficiency tests in forensic science. Hence, the artificial blood was prepared using the root nodule extract of Glycine max plants. The reactivity of the artificial blood with widely used human blood detection reagents was tested. Artificial latent fingermarks in blood were printed using an inkjet cartridge case filled with artificial blood solution. The artificial latent fingermarks in blood were developed with amino acid‐sensitive reagents and could obtain development as prominent as the image of the master fingermark saved on the computer. Therefore, it has been confirmed that the extract of legume root nodules can be used as artificial blood, and the artificial blood can be used for the preparation of artificial latent fingermarks or footmarks in blood.     

全球化时代中国境外人口态势及社会问题透析

当代的全球化不仅仅是经济的全球化,而且还有政治、文化、教育、科技、体育、旅游和人口流动的全球化。在人口流动全球化日益扩展的国际形势下,我国的境外人口也呈现出大幅增加、成份复杂、分布广阔的趋势。日益增多境外人口在给我国经济和社会发展注入活力的同时,也出现了“三非”现象突出,安全问题的国际化、地区化程度加深,就业冲突日渐显现,保护境外人口合法权益的任务加重等问题。认清这些问题,对重构我国境外人口管理的理念、对策、方略体系具有重要的客体性价值。     

单克隆抗体斑点ELISA快速检测血痕ABO血型

本文利用酶标记单克隆抗A、抗B抗体进行直接斑点ELISA检测血痕ABO血型。此法可检测出含量相当于0.005μl的全血,整个实验过程仅需1.5小时。对48份血痕标本均能正确鉴定。与常规方法相比,具有快速、简便、灵敏等特点,有一定的实用价值。     

三种安定类药物在中毒家兔体内的分布研究

为探求安定类药物在急性中毒家兔体内的代谢分布，采用固相萃取法和HPLC同时测定氯硝安定、佳静安定和安定。家兔按一定剂量将三种药物同时灌胃造成急性中毒2小时，处死后测定血、胆汁、尿液及其它脏器的三种药物浓度。结果表明，氯硝安定在胆汁和尿中含量较高，为0．82μg／ml和0．68μg／ml，而佳静安定及安定在胆汁和肝中浓度高，分别为9．32μg／ml和13．81μg／g。提示三种药物在家兔体内分布既有相同点也有显著差别。因此，利用本方法既可同时测定三种不同药物，也可为法医检案中毒案例的最佳检材采取和毒物分析结果评价提供了科学依据。     

教育、社会分层与社会流动--以外来流动人口及其子女为例

教育与社会分层和社会流动有密切的联系。外来流动人口子女是城市未来稳定的重要力量和城市未来重要的人力资源来源。从边缘人角色的转变以及社会流动向上渠道的疏通等角度分析 ,外来流动人口子女受教育权力应受到重视。     

Lactate dehydrogenase isozymes in vaginal swab extracts: A problem for the identification of menstrual blood

Extracts of vaginal swabs free of both blood and semen, collected from three donors throughout several menstrual cycles, have been examined by cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis for the presence of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozymes. LDH activity, predominantly in the form of LDH-5 was detected in some extracts. Mixtures of these particular extracts with peripheral blood gave LDH patterns similar to those observed for menstrual blood. The results indicate that LDH isozyme patterns cannot be used to differentiate between stains of menstrual blood and bloodstains that have become mixed or contaminated with vaginal secretions.     

市场经济中的分配手段及其功能界定——以市场和间接政策为例

在市场经济中,市场具有复杂的分配功能,发挥着重要的分配作用.市场既能扩大,也能缩小收入差距;它不仅在初次分配领域,而且在再分配领域发挥作用;市场分配作用的发挥与市场发展程度直接相关,并且需具备相应条件.另外,就业、教育、产业、劳动力流动、公共服务等间接政策手段的收入分配效应也是显而易见的,只是这些还远未被充分认识和利用.重新界定并深入挖掘市场和间接政策的分配功能及效应,有助于充分发挥各种直接、间接分配手段的潜在作用.     

艾灸活血化瘀作用机制的研究

目的:探讨艾灸活血化瘀作用的机制.方法:应用风寒湿环境及持续低温受冻的方法,复制基本符合中医病因病机的寒凝血瘀证大鼠模型,观察艾灸大鼠"肾俞"穴对其血液流变、氧自由基、血管内皮分泌功能、细胞因子和中枢神经递质含量等方面的影响.结果:灸治能改善模型大鼠的一般血瘀症状;降低血黏度、红细胞聚集指数(RI)、红细胞比容(Ht);提高血清和脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量,减少丙二醛(MDA)含量;降低内皮素(ET)含量,提升一氧化氮(NO)含量,使ET/NO下降;使白介素-1(IL-1)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)减少,白介素-2(IL-2)增多;减少中枢去肾上腺素(NE)、多巴胺(DA)的含量.上述指标与对照组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05或P<0.01).结论:灸疗有显著的活血化瘀作用,其作用途径与改善血液循环状态,调节血管的舒缩功能,稳定内环境等多方面作用密切有关.