中西部地区农村女性流动的现状、意义与对策

随着经济社会的发展,中西部地区农村女性的流动已经成为一个不可忽视的社会现实。调查表明,农村女性流动的主要动力是为了获得比较高的经济收入,农村女性流动对于建设新农村和推进城市化有积极的促进作用。社会对于女性流动的社会舆论评价已经逐步转向正面,但社会保障制度不健全、工资收入低等问题仍是影响她们正常流动的主要障碍。政府要高度重视农村流动女性问题。     

Bacterial Translocation and Sample Contamination in Postmortem Microbiological Analyses

The diagnostic value of postmortem bacteriology has been discussed controversially for decades. In the study herein, contamination during sampling procedures and postmortem translocation were investigated to interpret postmortem microbiology results. One hundred medicolegal autopsy cases in total were included. Radiology, histology, bacteriology, and biochemistry were performed in all cases. Based on all investigation findings, 4 groups of cases were identified: death unrelated to infection, true infections, false positive (contamination during sampling procedures, postmortem translocation and mixed situations), and undetermined. The results of this study indicate that postmortem bacteriology provides useful data supporting infection‐related deaths, especially when potentially significant observations are accompanied by consistent autopsy, histology, and biochemistry. Result interpretation requires careful evaluation of number and type of isolated microorganisms.     

Lutheran血型系统的分子遗传学基础

Lutheran血型系统合有18个抗原,LU1／LU2、LU18／LU19抗原位于LU／B—CAM糖蛋白上。LU／B—CAM糖蛋白的蛋白质部分由LU基因表迭。LU基因位于19q13．2—13．3,合15个外显子、14个内含子。LU基因在转录时发生变位剪接,产生2．5、4．0kb前体mRNA。LU基因在镰状红细胞、卵巢癌和结肠上皮细胞癌呈高表达。LU／B—CAM糖蛋白是层粘素特异性受体。     

农民集体土地所有权的独立性价值研究

目前我国集体土地所有权的行使存在着主体虚位、权能缺失、与国有土地所有权地位不平等的问题,不能有效保护农民在集体土地上的合法权益。在城乡二元管理体制下,集体土地承担着占我国人口70％的农民的社会保障、养老保障和医疗保障的功能,因此依法规范对集体土地的征收、征用,维护集体土地的独立性,具有重要价值。     

Fatal Venous Air Embolism Following Intravenous Infusion*

Abstract: Venous air embolism has been reported as a complication of invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures or accidental trauma. Little is known about the incidence of air embolism after minimal intravenous manipulations such as the insertion of a peripheral intravenous cannula. Only when large amounts of air sufficient enough to block the cardiovascular system enter, the patient develops symptoms and signs of severe neurological injury, cardiovascular collapse, or death. The dead body of a 14‐year‐old boy was brought for postmortem examination with allegations of death from negligence during treatment. He was treated for pain in the abdomen in a hospital by attendants in telephonic consultation with a medical practitioner. Following intravenous infusions, the boy died suddenly in respiratory distress. Gross findings indicated the death to be from venous air embolism. Chemical analysis, histopathology, and microbiology ruled out other causes of death. Dilemmas of the case with difficulties in diagnosis are being presented herewith.     

Identification of menstrual blood by real time RT-PCR: technical improvements and the practical value of negative test results

The identification of body fluids can be of crucial importance in forensic casework. Recently we have shown that the detection of cell- and tissue-specific mRNAs is a suitable technique to identify menstrual blood and semen. In this paper we present an improved method using real time-PCR and the menstrual blood marker MMP-7 which increases sensitivity and specificity. We furthermore demonstrate case examples described showing that the correct identification of samples as non-menstrual is likely to be in the focus of criminal investigations. Although negative test results may have a number of other reasons, the new technique provides quantitative results thus allowing a cut-off value for the control marker GAPDH to be defined, below which negative results for the menstrual blood marker MMP-7 allow the conclusion that the sample was indeed not menstrual blood. Using these data, it is possible to apply the molecular identification of menstrual blood to forensic casework considering both the limitations and the capabilities of the method.     

Criminal and alcohol problems among Swedish drunk drivers--predictors of DUI relapse

The prevalence and types of crime offences, as well as predictors of relapse, among drivers suspected of driving under influence (DUI) were investigated. A total of 1830 Swedish DUI drivers responded to the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test — AUDIT. Information about previous DUI offences, other traffic offences along with other types of criminal offences was taken from a crime register. A total criminality (including all traffic offences) of 64% in the period of five years before investigation was analyzed. 40% of the sample had other criminality besides traffic violations during that period. 14.3% of the drivers relapsed to DUI in the two-year period after the investigation. In terms of DUI relapse, the following factors were the main predictors: previous traffic violations, previous DUI offences, previous other criminality (frauds or other acts of dishonesty) and detection hours between 12.00 and 19.00. Detection in general traffic controls and high BAC (blood alcohol concentration) when detected were the strongest factors with negative correlation to DUI re-offence.     

免疫组织化学检测MMP-11鉴定月经血

目的建立用自制兔抗人基质金属蛋白酶-11（matrix metalloproteinase-11,MMP-11）多克隆抗体鉴定月经血的免疫组化方法,探讨MMP-11蛋白酶的细胞定位。方法运用链霉卵白素-碱性磷酸酶（SAP）免疫组化法检测人月经血及外周静脉血涂片、阴道液涂片、子宫内膜石蜡切片和陈旧月经血痕涂片中的MMP-11。结果MMP-11存在于子宫内膜上皮细胞和间质细胞内;外周静脉血和阴道液涂片未见有MMP-11染色;陈旧月经血痕涂片罕见完整子宫内膜细胞,但能检测到微弱特异信号。结论用自制抗MMP-11多克隆抗体采用免疫组化技术能有效地检测MMP-11,区分月经血和静脉血。     

血液中Cr、Cd、As、Tl和Pb的电感耦合等离子体质谱分析

目的 建立血液中Cr、Cd、As、Tl和Pb的电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)分析方法. 方法血液采用微波消解仪进行处理,以115In元素作内标,使用ICP-MS方法对血液中Cr、Cd、As、Tl和Pb进行分析.结果 方法检出限为0.00001～0.00249μg/L,准确度为90.1%～110.7%,精密度为4.0%～7.9%. 结论建立的方法准确、快速、线性范围宽、灵敏度高,适用于Cr、Cd、As、Tl和Pb中毒案件的检测.     

Ultraviolet 365 as an Alternative Light Source for Detection of Blood Serum

The use of alternative light sources (ALS) in bloodstain analysis has focused on dried (whole) blood, while information on detection of blood serum is lacking. Serum detection by ALS could provide valuable information at a crime scene, as serum may become separated from blood during clotting and cast off, especially in cases where the victim is moved. Additionally, a perpetrator may concentrate on the removal/scouring of dried blood with small amounts of serum going unnoticed, as it dries relatively clear on certain objects. In this report, the detection of human blood serum was evaluated using ultraviolet (UV) light at two different wavelengths. These results show that ultraviolet (UV) at 365 nm (UV365) was effective in the detection of even small amounts of blood plasma and serum, compared with UV at 395 nm, which was not. UV365 was also found to be useful in distinguishing blood imprints from clotting blood which had been transferred to material versus blood that had been added directly. Taken together, these results demonstrate that UV365 may be utilized as a simple, nondestructive method for blood serum detection.