益肾续经汤治疗绝经过渡期月经过少临床观察

目的 观察益肾续经汤治疗绝经过渡期肾虚血瘀证月经过少的临床疗效。方法 将40例绝经过渡期月经过少患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各20例。治疗组予益肾续经汤治疗,对照组予戊酸雌二醇合甲羟孕酮序贯周期治疗,3个周期后评定疗效。结果 治疗组临床疗效优于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);治疗组在改善经色暗红、腰骶酸痛、头晕耳鸣及小腹胀痛方面显著优于对照组（P<0.05,或P<0.01）。结论 益肾续经汤治疗月经过少有较好疗效,可明显改善相关症状。     

桃红四物汤对脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠血脑屏障通透性的保护作用及机制

目的 观察桃红四物汤对脑缺血再灌注损伤的治疗作用,以及其对血脑屏障的保护作用和机制。方法 建立左侧大脑中动脉阻塞模型,将大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、桃红四物汤组和尼莫地平组。采用Longa评分法观察大鼠神经功能损伤程度,行为学实验观察大鼠的运动神经功能,2,3,5-氯化三苯基四氮唑（triphenyltetrazolium chloride,TTC）染色法观察大鼠脑梗死面积,苏木精—伊红染色观察大鼠缺血侧脑部皮质组织病理变化,干湿法测定脑含水率,伊文思蓝（Evans blue,EB）灌注染色法检测血脑屏障通透性,透射电子显微镜观察血脑屏障紧密连接超微结构,免疫组织化学法检测脑组织紧密连接蛋白occludin、胞质附着蛋白-1(zona occludens-1, ZO-1)和基质金属蛋白酶-9(matrix metalloprotein-9, MMP-9)表达水平。结果 大鼠神经功能损伤程度与运动神经功能经桃红四物汤给药后呈现改善的趋势。TTC结果显示,与模型组比较,桃红四物汤与尼莫地平组大鼠脑梗死面积明显减少（P＜0.05）。苏木精—伊红染色显示,与模型组比较,桃红四物汤与尼莫地平组大鼠脑皮质组织神经元细胞质浓缩,核固缩、分裂或溶解,细胞排列紊乱,层次不清晰的情况得到改善。与模型组比较,桃红四物汤与尼莫地平组大鼠脑含水率、脑出血性转化程度以及EB渗出量显著降低（P＜0.05）。免疫组织化学检测结果显示,与模型组比较,桃红四物汤组大鼠脑梗死区occludin、ZO-1蛋白表达水平显著升高,MMP-9表达水平显著降低（P＜0.05）。透射电子显微镜观察发现,模型组大鼠血脑屏障紧密连接明显受损,桃红四物汤组和尼莫地平组大鼠血脑屏障紧密连接损伤明显改善。结论 桃红四物汤可改善脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠神经功能,缩小梗死面积及减轻脑水肿。其作用机制可能与改善血脑屏障紧密连接超微结构,减少紧密连接相关蛋白表达,进而降低血脑屏障通透性有关。     

电针对脑缺血大鼠缺血皮质区内皮型一氧化氮合酶及血清中一氧化氮含量的影响

目的 观察电针对大脑中动脉缺血大鼠缺血皮质区内皮型一氧化氮合酶（endothelial nitric oxide synthase,eNOS）及一氧化氮（nitric oxide,NO）的调控作用。方法 取SPF级健康雄性大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、电针组,每组14只,利用改良线栓法制备脑缺血大鼠模型,电针组选取“百会”“风府”“内关”“心俞”4个穴位,从第1天术后4 h开始治疗,每日1次,共治疗7 d。干预结束后,比较各组大鼠神经功能评分、脑梗死体积、脑缺血皮质区细胞病理表现、缺血皮质区eNOS蛋白的表达、血清NO的含量。结果 与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠神经功能缺损体征明显（P<0.05）,梗死范围显著,脑缺血皮质区eNOS蛋白表达显著下降（P<0.05）,血清NO含量升高（P<0.05）;与模型组比较,电针组大鼠神经功能缺损评分降低（P<0.05）,脑梗死体积明显缩小（P<0.05）,脑皮质缺血区eNOS蛋白表达水平显著上升（P<0.05）,血清NO含量升高（P<0.05）。结论 电针可促进局灶性脑缺血大鼠神经功能的恢复并缩小脑梗死体积,其机制可能与调控血管新生相关因子eNOS、NO表达增多有关。     

芒针透刺督脉组穴联合平衡区电针治疗脑卒中后小脑性共济失调临床研究

目的 观察芒针透刺督脉组穴联合平衡区电针对脑卒中后小脑性共济失调患者的临床疗效,并探讨其与脑血流速度、脑血流阻力的关系。方法 将60例脑卒中后小脑性共济失调患者随机分为治疗组、对照组,每组30例。对照组予以平衡区电针治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上联合芒针透刺督脉组穴,每日1次,每次留针30 min,两组均治疗2周。两组治疗前后分别采用国际合作共济失调评定量表（international cooperative ataxia rating scale,ICARS）、Berg平衡量表（Berg balance scale,BBS）评定患者的平衡能力,采用改良Barthel指数（modified Barthel index,MBI）评定患者生活自理能力,采用经颅多普勒超声检测两组患者椎动脉和基底动脉的收缩期峰值血流速度（ peak systolic velocity,PSV）和搏动指数（pulsatility index,PI）。结果 与治疗前比较,两组患者治疗后ICARS评分和椎动脉、基底动脉PI均显著降低（P＜0.05）;BBS、MBI评分和椎动脉、基底动脉PSV均显著升高（P＜0.05）;且治疗后治疗组ICARS评分和椎动脉、基底动脉PI降低程度以及BBS、MBI评分和椎动脉、基底动脉PSV升高程度均显著大于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 芒针透刺督脉组穴联合平衡区电针疗法可显著改善脑卒中后小脑性共济失调患者平衡功能及生活自理能力。     

便携式血液中CO检测仪的研制与应用研究

目的 依据分光光度计还原法原理,利用微型锂电池、传感器、全分析系统,研制特定波长便携式血液中CO检测仪.方法 选择以发光二极管(LED)为光源的单光源模式,以比色皿为样品池,设置内部参比,对光强进行校正.整个系统进行集成,实现数据采集、信号处理和运算一体化,直接显示测定结果.结果 最终形成体积小、质量轻、操作简便、检测...     

(庶虫)虫对慢性血瘀型大鼠血液流变性和红细胞免疫功能的影响

摘要:目的:观察虫对慢性血瘀型大鼠血液流变性和红细胞免疫功能的影响。方法:模拟阴虚火旺复制慢性血瘀大鼠模型,用毛细血管法测定不同切速下的全血比粘度、血浆比粘度,常规法测定红细胞压积。参照郭氏法测定红细胞免疫粘附功能指标,并将其与血液流变性有关指标作一相关分析。结果:虫能明显降低瘀血大鼠的全血比粘度、血浆比粘度和红细胞压积;提高瘀血大鼠红细胞C3b受体花环率,使红细胞免疫复合物花环率下降,血清红细胞免疫粘附促进因子活性增强,而抑制因子减弱;血液粘度与红细胞C3b受体花环率的相关分析呈显著负相关。结论:虫不仅有活血化瘀作用,还具有促进红细胞免疫功能的功效。     

20世纪中叶新马华人社会与华南互动之探讨

本文着重探讨新马华人社会的社会群体及经济组织在新马及华南的互动中所扮演的角色及依赖的基础,希望弥补以往研究新马华人社会与华南侨乡互动时只注重实际交往的不足,而进一步探讨这一实际交往的基础即无形的信息流动。另一方面,跨国社会联系又是建立在国家的基础上,因此希望能在探讨跨国社会网络的同时也回到国家层面,进一步揭示国家在网络发展中所起的作用。     

Delayed elimination in humans after ingestion of colchicine: Two fatal cases of colchicine poisoning

Colchicine has been widely used in the treatment of acute gout over the years, but it has a narrow therapeutic index, and overdose can be life threatening. A method using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry system was applied in two fatal cases of colchicine poisoning in this study to the determination of colchicine in blood. In case 1, a 19-year-old man suffered from depression and ingested 160 colchicine tablets (each 0.5 mg). The concentration of colchicine in his blood samples showed a fluctuating trend and kept above the therapeutic steady-state concentration for 5 days. In case 2, a 70-year-old female patient with a history of gout and chronic colchicine intake ingested five times the usual dose of colchicine (5 mg) and died after 12 days of medical care, with 5 ng/mL of colchicine in her blood sample. Our findings suggest that the delayed elimination and accumulation in humans after colchicine overdose could keep the concentration of colchicine maintaining above the therapeutic steady-state concentration for many days before dying, probably along with a fluctuating trend.     

Intentional overdose of glargine insulin: Determination of the parent compound in postmortem blood by LC-HRMS

Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin analog that is converted after enzymatic cleavage of the arginine pair of the β-chain into its main metabolite M1 (21^A-Gly-insulin), which is responsible for the hypoglycemic activity. In all the overdose cases described in the literature, only M1 concentrations have been reported, whereas insulin glargine was always absent or below the limit of quantitation. In this study, we present a case of suicide of a young nurse by injection of insulin glargine in which the parent molecule was found at a toxic concentration in blood. The determination and the discrimination of insulin glargine from human insulin and other synthetic analogs in the blood specimen were performed by liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (Waters XEVO G2-XS QToF) and extraction after precipitation in the presence of bovine insulin (internal standard), with a mixture of acetonitrile/methanol +1% formic acid followed by purification on solid phase extraction cartridges C18. Glargine insulin tested highly positive in the blood with a concentration of 1.06 mg/L. Due to the difficulty in obtaining a M1 pure standard, the metabolite could not be dosed. This unique presence of the parent molecule, reported for the first time, can be explained by inter-individual variability in the rate of conversion to metabolite. Intravenous injection versus subcutaneous injection can also explain the presence of insulin glargine. Finally, the dose injected may have been so high that saturation of the proteolytic enzymes responsible for conversion to M1 should have occurred.     

开放型经济高质量发展:动能维度与制度型开放

我国开放型经济高质量发展已经具备了经济效率动能、结构转换动能、创新动能、制度动能和数字化新动能。通过深化体制机制改革和主动推进新一轮国际经贸规则体系构建,将自由贸易试验区、自由贸易港、进出口贸易展会等打造成为新时代改革开放重要的前沿阵地和新高地,推进国家标准国际化,完善创新驱动发展模式匹配的体制机制和营商环境等,以全面的制度型开放大力推动我国开放型经济高质量发展向纵深推进。