The Effect of Incentive Reforms Upon Productivity: Evidence from the Vietnamese Rice Industry

In this study we use region-level panel data on rice production in Vietnam to investigate total factor productivity (TFP) growth in the period since reunification in 1975. Two significant reforms were introduced during this period, one in 1981 allowing farmers to keep part of their produce, and another in 1987 providing improved land tenure. We measure TFP growth using two modified forms of the standard Malmquist data envelopment analysis (DEA) method, which we have named the Three-year-window (TYW) and the Full Cumulative (FC) methods. We have developed these methods to deal with degrees of freedom limitations. Our empirical results indicate strong average TFP growth of between 3.3 and 3.5 per cent per annum, with the fastest growth observed in the period following the first reform. Our results support the assertion that incentive related issues have played a large role in the decline and subsequent resurgence of Vietnamese agriculture.     

大学办高职的现状及对策思考

大学办高职作为一种职业教育形态,无论是对中国高等职业教育的发展,还是对大学本身的发展都具有积极意义.一般本科院校如何改变普通高等教育原有的内在逻辑和思维习惯,并按照高职人才培养的教育模式、管理体制和运行机制来办高职,从而既保证高职教育的特色和质量,又不影响学校的非高职人才培养和学术研究水平,是大学办高职必须重点研究和解决的问题.     

“以人为本”语境下的“表达权”

表达权与以人为本之间的关系非常密切,以人为本的理念是表达权的基础,决定着表达权的发展,成为讨论表达权问题的语境。表达权在本质上是公民以语言或行为的方式相互沟通、交流思想的权利,其实现迫切需要法律化。表达权法律化面临着一系列的问题需要探讨,这些问题的解决成为表达权法律化的先决条件。     

当前医疗损害鉴定制度存在问题与对策

随着《侵权责任法》的实施,医疗纠纷司法鉴定将在医疗损害鉴定中起着越来越重要的作用。我国的医疗损害鉴定制度经历了一系列的制度变迁过程。但是,基于医疗的专业性、复杂性和技术性,医疗损害的鉴定不是一般法医能胜任的鉴定工作。医疗事故技术鉴定制度仍是一项可利用的制度资源。当前医疗损害鉴定制度的构建,应警惕形式意义上的鉴定公正带来实质意义上的鉴定不公正;警惕法律对患者的保护带来医疗对患者的伤害。建议对医疗事故技术鉴定制度进行改造,使之成为类似于美国的审前审查机制,或者采取医疗损害司法鉴定特别许可制度,以完善我国的医疗损害鉴定制度。     

权利问题研究与当代中国法律文化的发展变迁

权利问题研究对当代中国法律文化的发展变迁带来了深刻的影响。一方面,权利问题研究推动了中国法律文化基调的彻底转化,即从惩罚性法律文化向权利法律文化的转化;另一方面,权利问题研究也促成了部门法学的权利观念模型的构造。     

浙江省旅游法学研究会成立大会暨旅游法热点问题研讨会综述

浙江省旅游法学研究会成立大会暨旅游法热点问题研讨会围绕旅游法制与旅游法学发展现状问题、其他国家和地区旅游法制经验及借鉴问题、旅游合同问题、旅游资源保护、风景区生态环境保护与可持续发展问题、旅行社安全保障义务问题、分时度假制度问题、导游服务标准化问题、旅游捆绑销售问题、社区参与城市旅游问题展开了讨论。     

论农村环境污染防治的法律问题

当前,我国农村环境污染问题尤为突出,其现状已不容乐观。从法律角度分析,造成我国当前农村环境污染现状的原因既包括立法层面,也包括执法和司法层面。立法层面表现为,农村环境立法的不完善导致农村环境污染防治无法可依;执法层面表现为,农村环境执法的不力客观上放纵了环境污染行为,导致农村环境污染的进一步加剧;司法层面表现为,环境案件的久拖不决以及不公正的处理结果使农村环境污染防治失去强有力的司法保障。因此,加强农村环境污染防治必须完善我国农村环境立法,强化农村环境执法以及加强对农村环境的司法保障。     

对军事司法若干理论问题的认识

以新军事变革理念为指南,对军事司法若干理论问题作了探讨:(1)确定军事司法的概念是研究军事司法理论的重要基础;(2)军事司法具有一定的特殊性;(3)军事司法权是国家司法权的重要组成部分,并非寓于军事统帅权;(4)从军事司法权得以存在和对社会所产生的作用来认识其构成要素和功能;(5)军事司法的特有原则是国家司法活动基本原则下位的具体原则,是指导军事司法这一特殊领域的活动准则;(6)军事司法的基本理念是决定军事司法改革基本目标的价值准则。     

Can wedge strategies by mainstream parties cross-cut the anti-immigration far right vote?

Anti-immigration campaigns have helped far right parties to establish themselves in party systems around the world. We examine whether mainstream parties can employ wedge issue campaigns that divide the far right anti-immigration vote to win back electoral support. Wedge issues that cross-cut the anti-immigration vote may enhance the electoral support of mainstream parties, as long as they do not simultaneously alienate pro-immigration voters. We evaluate this expectation using a panel survey experiment conducted during the 2021 German federal election. The first wave allows us to identify wedge issues that the mainstream CDU/CSU can stress to cross-cut the anti-immigration vote. The second wave raises the salience of these issues by manipulating the perceived issue agenda of the CDU/CSU using hypothetical campaign posters. While our results show that wedge issue strategies are not effective on average, exploratory analyses reveal the potential of strategically targeted messaging in winning back support of some anti-immigration voters.     

Generational replacement and Green party support in Western Europe

Over the past decades, electoral support for Green parties has gradually increased in Western Europe, especially among young people. This begs the question whether there are systematic differences between generations in support for Green parties, and whether there are also life-cycle effects. We answer this question by separating age, period and cohort effects on Green party support using CSES data covering 40 elections in 11 Western European countries. We find that when controlling for period and age, each new generation is more supportive of the Greens than the generation before. We also find negative age effects. While Green parties can expect to benefit in the future from generational replacement, the consequences of aging societies are to their disadvantage.