论汉字的优势和发展趋势

汉字有三千四百多年的历史,它是中国文化的瑰宝。汉字与拼音文字相比优势在于:汉字体现了表达信息所能达到的最高效果;汉字的重复利用率非常高,表达、传递信息的优势一目了然;汉字具有独特的书法艺术,魅力无穷。只要中华民族存在,中华文化存在,汉字的发展趋势就是不断地简化,朝着更为易读、易解、易写的方向发展。     

我国积极应对绿色壁垒的法律对策

随着可持续发展理念的深入人心以及全球性环境保护运动的开展,加之贸易保护主义的抬头,绿色壁垒作为一种技术性贸易壁垒的新形式为广大发达国家所利用,这对发展中国家特别是我国的对外贸易提出了挑战。本文分析了绿色壁垒的涵义、成因及表现形式,指出了绿色壁垒对我国的影响,提出了我国应对绿色壁垒的法律对策。     

对环境标志制度纳入WTO规则体系的悖论分析

贸易与环境的关系问题是当今国际社会关注的焦点问题.环境标志制度作为贸易与环境的连结点之一,是否应纳入WTO规则体系呢?国际社会对此问题争论激烈,多数国家主张将环境标志制度纳入WTO规则体系.然而,将环境标志制度内化于WTO规则体系弊端突出,外化于WTO规则体系优势明显.环境标志制度可独立于WTO规则体系,并能与之达到和谐--实现贸易与环境的利益平衡.我国应迎合WTO制度的要求不断完善环境标志制度.     

IMMIGRATION POLICY,BORDER SECURITY,AND MIGRANT DEATHS: AN IMPACT EVALUATION OF LIFE‐SAVING EFFORTS UNDER THE BORDER SAFETY INITIATIVE*

Subsequent to U.S. Border Patrol (USBP) efforts to control illegal immigration throughout the 1990s, concern arose over an apparent increase in deaths of illegal migrants as they began to undertake more treacherous routes to enter the United States from Mexico. In response, the Border Safety Initiative (BSI) was created to increase safety along the southwest border. Using multiple data sources, including the USBP BSI Incident Tracking System, this study evaluated the impact of life‐saving efforts performed under the BSI program. Results indicate that there has been no overall reduction in the rate of migrant deaths since BSI has been in operation. However, an evaluation of BORSTAR search and rescue teams and the 2003 Lateral Repatriation Program (LRP), which returned apprehended migrants from Tucson sector to less hazardous places along the border, were found to be effective in preventing migrant deaths. Policy Implications: Critics of U.S. immigration policy claim that the only way reductions in migrant deaths along the U.S.‐Mexico border can be achieved is through liberalization of immigration policy and relaxing of border security. Yet, for more than a decade, U.S. policy makers have increased restrictions on immigration and have tightened security at the borders. Considering this, alternative means must be deployed in order to save migrant lives in the near term rather than waiting for a reversal of immigration policy. This study suggests that proactive life‐saving measures implemented through a harm‐reduction strategy can have some impact on saving migrant lives.     

法国公务员行政赔偿责任制度评介

公务员行政赔偿责任涉及到行政相对人、公务员和行政主体三方的关系,是国家赔偿制度的重要组成部分,法国公务员行政赔偿责任制度历经发展,形成了以"个人过错"为核心的、允许行政相对人直接向公务员求偿的行政赔偿责任制度,并通过一系列判例确认了各项具体制度,易于操作,达到了合法性与效率之间的理性与平衡.     

公务员体检中的体格归类与平等担任公职权

各地公务员录用体检办法和体检标准中因存在许多不合理的体格归类,而使相当多的具有一定生理缺陷的人被无情地挡在了公务员门槛之外,且难以获得公正的救济。以宪法平等权的精神来检验,这些归类或者不具有合法目的,或者违反了比例原则,都导致了立法歧视。为保护公民平等担任公职的权利,有必要对现行公务员录用体检制度进行改革。     

北京地区人群(汉族)人血清备解素因子B分布频率的调查及其在血痕中的检出

作者采用琼脂糖凝胶高压电泳、PAGIEF及免疫固定技术测定了北京地区234份健康人(汉族)血清Bf的分布。其表型频率为SS171人,FS49人,FF8人,SS07 4人,FS07 1人及SS045 1人;基因频率为Bf~S=0.8462,Bf~F=0.1410,Bf~(S07)=0.0107,Bf~(S045)=0.0021。Bf表型分布与Hardy-Weinberg定律相吻合。经测定室温保存的已知Bf型的22份血痕,其可检出时限为3周。并将Bf型测定用于检案的血痕分析及亲权鉴定。     

Beliefs About Wife Beating Among Arab Men from Israel: The Influence of Their Patriarchal Ideology

Despite the recent increase in public and professional interest in the problem of wife beating in Arab society, in Israel, and in the rest of the Arab world, there is a serious lack of empirical research on different dimensions of the problem in those societies. This paper presents the results of a survey conducted among a systematic random sample of 362 Arab husbands from Israel, in an attempt to examine the contribution of patriarchal ideology toward explaining their beliefs about wife beating. Although about 58% of the participants indicated that there is no excuse for a man to beat his wife, 15–62% still justified wife beating on certain occasions (e.g., adultery, failure to obey husbands, disrespect for parents and relatives). In addition, although the participants tended to perceive abusive and violent husbands as responsible for their behavior, 52% still expressed understanding of that behavior and, on some occasions, 23–43% even blamed the wife for violence against her. Regression and multiple regression analyses revealed that over and above the participants' age and level of education, their masculine sex-role stereotypes, negative and traditional attitudes toward women, nonegalitarian marital role expectations, and familial patriarchal beliefs were the most significant predictors of beliefs about wife beating. Implications of the results and limitations of the study are also discussed.     

中国特色生态文明的理论定位、特质与建构

中国特色生态文明是马克思主义生态理论中国化的最新成果,是中国特色社会主义理论体系的重要组成部分,具有阶段跨越性、历史传承性、人文关怀性以及超越时空性等特点。新时期建设中国特色生态文明,要以科学发展观为指导,以＂两型社会＂建设为载体,以发展生态经济为支撑,以生态制度创新为保障,以健全社会参与机制为突破口。     

Corporatism packaged in pluralist ideology: the case of Slovenia

Corporatism has been an influential doctrine in the Slovenian polity since its beginning. After the onset of democratization in the early 1990s, its influence remains strong. Forms of corporatism are embodied in the National Council as the second chamber of parliament, in the chamber system, the system of social partnership and the RTVS (Public Television of Slovenia) Council. It is also present in certain socio-political priorities such as a higher value being placed on partnership over competition, on fairness over human rights, on community over individualism. Social pluralism has always been a part of Slovenian public life. Political pluralism emerged at the end of the 19th century and was never fully developed. There has always been a strong inclination in the political life of Slovenia to organize around interest groups and editorial boards of various publications, a tendency that reveals a plurality of voices but a general unwillingness to fight for political power. It could also be concluded that the development of pluralism in Slovenia relies heavily on corporatism because of the general lack of liberal foundations.