我国程序性辩护的现状和完善

在对抗式司法理念的指导下，加强犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的诉讼权利，强化其辩护权以及实现控辩双方平等武装成为刑事诉讼立法的焦点。伴随我国刑事诉讼理论研究的不断深入，程序公正在刑事诉讼法中地位的提高．程序性辩护逐渐进入立法者的视野。《刑事诉讼法修正草案》确认了程序性辩护制度，并构建了相应的配套机制．但是依然存在一定的缺陷，应当从构建司法审查制度和优化程序性制裁机制两个方面进一步予以完善。     

论民事检察监督的范围

“权力导致腐败；绝对的权力导致绝对的腐败”,任何权力都必须接受监督.民事检察监督作为极具中国特色的民事审判监督机制,对于遏制司法不公具有极为现实的作用.对民事检察监督范围的科学界定,是研究民事检察监督所要解决的首要问题,也是监督机关依法履行检察监督权的权限范围.民事检察监督应从审判独立、当事人处分权、裁判稳定性的关系等理论基础出发,结合我国检察监督的实际规定,进行范围的界定和划分.     

海上保险中被保险人对保险人代位求偿权所负之义务

通过对被保险人对于代位求偿权所负义务性质的剖析,明确了被保险人仅负有不得损害保险人代位求偿权的消极义务。结合英美法的相关制度和判例并联系中国海上保险的司法实践,进一步阐述了被保险人所负义务的内涵。最后结合《中华人民共和国保险法》,对《中华人民共和国海商法》第253条进行检讨,提出对《中华人民共和国海商法》第253条的修改建议。     

论法律选择中的替代条款——兼评《涉外民事关系法律适用法》第41条

替代条款要求在案件与一国有更密切联系时,排除冲突规则对案件的适用,发挥最密切联系原则的矫正功能。替代条款是法律选择的灵活性超越确定性的明证,是＂方法＂对＂规则＂的融合和革新,是英美法的自由裁量主义和大陆法的严格规则主义的较量。替代条款的盛行同样诠释了法的正义价值和安全价值之间博弈发展的古老命题,彰显了法律现实主义在冲突法领域的一度勃兴和鼎盛。《涉外民事关系法律适用法》在合同领域没有采用我国已有立法和各国立法中的替代条款,实为一大憾事。     

我国网络环境下儿童性权益保障的缺失及对策探讨

随着互联网的迅速发展,儿童已成为我国网络使用的重要群体。网络作为一种新的社会因素,对儿童成长的影响逐渐凸显。儿童在上网过程中,网络环境中充斥的淫秽、色情等不良有害信息以及某些网络违法者对儿童实施的性骚扰及性侵害等行为严重侵害了儿童的性权益。近几年来,网络环境下侵犯儿童性权益的案件频繁发生,如何有效的预防和制止这类犯罪,在复杂的网络环境中减少侵犯儿童性权益的犯罪行为,是我国目前应重视的问题。通过提出网络环境下儿童性权益受到侵害的现状,探析网络环境下儿童性权益被侵害的原因,进而提出网络环境下儿童性权益保护的对策,通过完善我国目前的法律法规,加强对儿童网络安全的管理,加强学校和父母对儿童的性教育与网络安全教育等相关措施,净化网络环境,保护网络环境下儿童性权益,保障儿童的健康成长。     

The Management of Democratic Elections in Africa (MDEA) programme at the university of South Africa: Is this the right path towards African solutions?

There have been a number of initiatives in Africa to rid the Continent of political instability, conflict, poverty and disease. Many have argued that aid from the West has helped Africa in many ways—from stopping wars, to food relief and rescuing the African environment. Yet others have slated Western involvement which they contend, frequently leaves Africans dependant rather than capable of solving their own problems. In line with the pan-Africanist and the African Union (AU) ideals, there is now a realisation by Africans that there is a need to find African solutions to African challenges and problems. This review article explores the University of South Africa’s (Unisa’s) Management of Democratic Elections in Africa (MDEA) programme, by looking at its objectives and the reason why it must be labelled a Programme, its mandate, which is in line with the brief of the AU and pan-Africanist ideals. The article focuses on how Unisa’s programme responds to the African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance (ACDEG); and how it has attempted to facilitate knowledge for peace in Africa, through empowering electoral officials from various African states. The article concludes by looking at the successes and limitations of the Programme over a five-year period, from its inception in 2011.     

“Personal information of privacy nature” under Chinese Civil Code

Chinese Civil Code separates the civil right to privacy and the civil interest of personal information through the proposal of the PIPN in Article 1034, which constructs a different model from both EU and US. Although this distinction is of great significance, it brings potential problems, too. The PIPN is a kind of personal information which is unwilling to be known to others with privacy nature, which can be defined through a method of combining basic definition plus enumerations. It is recommended to consider the context and purpose of processing personal information when deciding the PIPN, and the level of privateness, availability, risk and identifiability will be considered to the privacy test. Based on Chinese reality, ID number, biometric information, financial information should be list as the typical kinds of the PIPN in the future legislation.     

民事责任能力范畴分析

民事责任能力是民法中的基础性概念.任何法律关系的主体只要具备民事主体资格,该主体即拥有民事责任能力.民事责任能力隐含在民事权利能力之中,享有民事权利、承担民事义务和民事责任的资格三位一体,构成民事权利能力不可分割的要素.民事主体的民事责任能力状况,与该主体的民事行为能力和认识能力无关.民事责任能力制度贯穿于合同法、侵权法等民法分则的各个组成部分,将其局限于民法分则的任何一部分都是对民事责任能力的不当割裂.     

《道路交通安全法》中"交通事故"定义评析

关于道路交通事故的定义,《道路交通安全法》在《道路交通事故处理办法》的基础上作了修改.从法学和逻辑学的角度上分析,修改后的定义仍然存在着定义不准、概念不清等问题,影响到该法的准确实施.科学定义道路交通事故概念,首先要明确《道路交通安全法》的立法目的和法律特征,其次要明确道路交通事故概念构成的内在要件和外在要件,第三要遵从语词规则.     

清末民事习惯调查与《大清民律草案》的编纂

有关资料表明,在清末制定民法典的过程中,虽然立法者极为重视本国民事习惯并进行了大量的调查工作,但在当时的条件下,难以将本国民事习惯采纳为成文法。从宣统三年完成的《大清民律草案》来看,本国民事习惯几乎没有对编纂民律草案产生直接影响。