我国公务员能力建设体制问题研究

实现公务员能力建设的本质性飞跃必须依靠公务员管理体制的全面完善与提高。本文针对当前我国公务员能力建设中存在的选人用人机制、竞争激励机制、考核评价机制、培训制约机制等体制性障碍,提出应全面完善公务员相关管理体制,探索出公务员能力建设工作的新途径,以取得我国公务员能力建设的本质性突破。     

中国个人金融服务消费者权益保护

个人金融服务中消费者与经营者在交易中不平等法则的存在,权利与义务呈现出明显不对等,个人消费者难以以自身的力量与经营者抗衡,使消费者在消费纠纷中处于劣势。为了保护消费者的权益,除了建立消费者协会组织外,更要建立健全消费者权益保护法及金融服务机构的社会信用及其行业评判标准制度。     

Gender equity and social capital in smallholder farmer groups in central Mozambique

This case study from Búzi district, Mozambique investigated whether gender equality, in terms of male and female participation in groups, leads to gender equity in sharing of benefits from the social capital created through the group. Exploring the complex connection between gender, groups, and social capital, we found that gender equity is not necessarily achieved by guaranteeing men and women equal rights through established by-laws, or dealing with groups as a collective entity. While there were no significant differences in the investment patterns of men and women in terms of participation in group activities and contribution of communal work, access to leadership positions and benefits from social capital were unequally distributed. Compared with men, women further found it difficult to transform social relations into improved access to information, access to markets, or help in case of need.     

Innovation in the U.S. Service Sector

This paper contributes to ard a better understanding of innovation in the service sector by focusing on the disparate nature of R&D in the U.S. service sector as learned through case studies of the U.S. telecommunications, financial services, systems integration services, and research and development testing services industries. Based on this understanding of the nature and scope of R&D therein, a new policy-oriented model of innovation specific to the service sector is posited. Also, policy recommendations are offered with regard to the public sector’s collection and interpretation of R&D data related to the service sector.      

Civil Society,Environmental Security and Knowledge: Forest Governance in Thailand and the Philippines in the Context of ASEAN

In the domain of environmental security, it appears that a strong civil society, one with strong social ingenuity and social capital, is a necessary condition not only for environmental security, but also for regional security in general. This paper will argue that in the context of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), much can be learned from the empirical experiences of Thailand and the Philippines that have established records of accomplishment in civil society participation in forest governance. Also discussed is the possible role of epistemic communities both within these countries as well as across countries in the ASEAN in harnessing institutions of knowledge to influence domestic and regional governance of forest resources.     

LAW ENFORCEMENT AND THE RULE OF LAW: IS THERE A TRADEOFF?

This essay assesses whether a strong evidence‐based argument can be made to support the proposition that when police violate the rule‐of‐law they do more harm than good with respect to their collective, as well as personal, interests. The assessment is undertaken to counter the common presumption among police officers that circumstances often justify cutting legal corners in the interests of public safety. The essay first examines what research shows about the facilitators of police law breaking. It then examines seven reasons why violating the rule‐of‐law works against the instrumental interests of the police themselves. After assessing the strength of the evidence against the instrumental benefit of violating the rule‐of‐law, suggestions are made about research that is needed to make the case more compelling. In conclusion, the essay discusses how empirical knowledge might be most productively used to change the culture of contemporary policing.     

标本兼治,解决“执行难”——民事强制执行法专家建议稿起草问题研究

制定独立的民事强制执行法是大势所趋、众望所归。民事强制执行法专家建议稿坚持“站在客观公正的立场 ,坚持按规律办事 ,确保既解决现实问题又适应长远发展”的指导思想 ,总结我国民事强制执行工作的经验 ,吸收域外立法的合理成份 ,构建了我国未来的民事强制执行制度。     

论网络服务提供商之信息披露义务——以我国著作权法制为中心的批判性解读

我国立法对网络服务提供商之信息披露义务规定得过于简单,司法实践也存在一些认识上的误区,其原因是我国关于信息披露义务理论存在不完善之处。对诸如该义务之性质等基本问题在理论上都没有涉及,故而需要予以澄清。从著作权法之公共政策出发,构建利益平衡的信息披露义务,必须要确立它的民事义务属性,义务之履行须通过民事诉讼之方式,以符合程序正义之要求,而具体之条件应该关注网络用户隐私保护与言论自由之需求,同时建立违法救济制度。     

近代民事主体形成的条件与成因

近代民事主体理念超越了具体平等而实现于抽象平等。没有平等观念就没有抽象平等,没有抽象平等也就没有近代民事主体。“平等主体”从根本上反映了人在资本主义生产方式中的经济存在形式。近代民事主体理论形成的基础就是劳动力私人性的承认和契约工具的利用。契约是近代民事主体得以确立的工具。劳动力私人性的承认是近代民事主体得以确立的内在理论前提。民法中劳动力私人性的法律表现形态是随着劳动力价值的提升而展开的。保障劳动力私人性就是在维护民法的主体制度,其中,宪政的保障作用是基础性的、不可或缺的。     

对我国矿难频发的思考——试论矿山安全立法的不足及解决方法

虽然我国不乏矿山安全的法律规范,但矿山安全事故近年却频频发生。原因有二法律将矿山安全监察权交给各地的行政部门行使,使安全监察受到地方利益的影响,效果较差;矿山安全培训没有建立统一和规范的制度。要遏制矿难,须从构建有效的监察制度和安全培训制度入手。在监察机制上,要打破监察权的垄断,让工会和矿业协会也参与矿山安全检查和安全事故的调查。对安全培训,要由效力等级较高的行政法规而非地方政策来规定。安全培训的机构组成、培训对象、培训内容、培训时间和考核事宜,要明确地在行政法规中得到统一规定。