论《食品安全法》对我国食品安全监管体制的影响

近几年来,我国食品安全问题不断,暴露出我国食品安全政府监管体制存在诸多弊端。本文探讨新《食品安全法》出台后,我国食品安全监管在监管体制、食品安全标准、免检制度、监管行为等几个方面的变化以及尚存在的问题。     

我国刑事自诉制度的完善

我国刑事自诉制度存在着诸多难以厘清头绪的问题,立法目的并未明显实现。究其原因,主要是许多法律价值和理念之间存在难以统一的关系,有关方面在进行制度设计时却不愿对难以统一的法律价值和理念进行取舍,以致一方面把大量没有相应情由的案件设定为自诉案件并允许调解、和解和反诉,而另一方面又通过设立极高的证据要求来限制在事实上可以成为自诉案件的案件。只有不再把"有证据证明的轻微刑事案件"作为自诉案件,该制度存在的问题才可能得到彻底解决,因此应对自诉案件的适用范围进行减缩,使之仅有"告诉才处理"和"公诉转自诉"的案件,同时再降低自诉案件立案和开庭审理的证据条件或要求。     

试论实行行为

实行行为是刑法分则规定的定型性行为类型,具有定型性、侵害性、有意性和有责性等特征。在规定某一种犯罪的条文中可能包含另一种犯罪的实行行为,区分的关键是看行为具有哪种犯罪的实行性。同一种实行行为既能包括既遂、未遂、中止等多种构成行为,亦可成为构成行为的一种。     

区域安全合作研究的建构主义范式

作为国际关系理论的一种研究范式,建构主义为分析区域安全合作问题提供了一个新的视角。建构主义包括国家利益论(国家身份理论)、国际体系结构理论、国际体系转换理论以及安全共同体理论,与此相对应,运用建构主义理论分析区域安全合作问题也包括四个部分,即区域安全合作中的国家身份和国家利益、区域安全合作发生于其中的国际体系结构、区域安全集体认同的形成以及安全共同体理论对区域安全合作的解析。     

Managing business political activities in the USA: bridging between theory and practice

The political arena in the USA is portrayed as a marketplace in which businesses and other groups compete to influence public policy decisions. Managers can view this political market as an opportunity to shape the rules of the game by which they operate but must realise that it is a very competitive arena. Drawing on concepts from business strategy advocacy activities like lobbying, making campaign contributions, and organising grassroots efforts are analysed in terms of opportunities for gaining competitive advantage. Results from case studies indicate that many businesses miss opportunities to build support among employees for political advocacy because few firms use bottom up approaches for political action committees or grass‐roots efforts. Suggestions for managers interested in improving the effectiveness of their business advocacy efforts are discussed. Copyright © 2001 Henry Stewart Publications     

科索沃国际维持和平行动与国际法上的集体安全制度

科索沃战争是一场以美国为首的北约国家对南斯拉夫联盟共和国的侵略战争。北约组织领导人与部队的行为都严重违反了战争法,构成战争罪。科索沃战争与科索沃国际维护和平行动均不是集体安全制度的具体实施,相反,这些行动侵蚀了《联合国宪章》下的集体安全制度,对国际法上的集体安全制度产生了深远的消极影响。     

民事诉讼当事人适格刍论

适格当事人通常就是作为诉讼标的的实体法律关系的主体 ,但是 ,在某些特殊情况下 ,根据当事人的意思或者法律的规定 ,争议的民事实体法律关系以外的人也可以成为正当当事人。     

eGovernment Applications and Public Personnel Acceptance: An Empirical Analysis of the Public Servant Perspective

Given the importance of eGovernment applications as an integral part of modern public service provision, this contribution concentrates on the issue of continued technology acceptance of public servants. The goal of this article is to connect individual, technological, and organizational aspects in an explanatory model. Using Theory of Reasoned Action and the Technology Acceptance model, an extended model of continued end-user behavior is analyzed. The results show the importance of Ease of Use, Usefulness, Openness to IT, and Subjective Norm for Acceptance and a Continued Q4 Usage Intention. However, a significant influence of Bureaucratic Culture cannot be shown.     

The past or the politics of the present? Dealing with the Japanese occupation of South Korea

Why do historical legacies continue to burden politics in East Asia? According to major schools of thought on collective memory, perceptions of historical injustice may be determined by the past (traditionalism), the present (presentism) or the interplay of both. This paper assesses the validity of these theories by examining the effect of transitional justice on perceptions of wrongdoers. Transitional justice offers a unique substrate for exploring competing theories of collective memory as it represents a contemporary process for dealing with the past. Were transitional justice to transform perceptions of wrongdoers, it would provide evidence supporting presentism. This hypothesis was tested using a survey of 640 adults from the Gallup Korea online panel. South Korea was selected as a research site because the legacy of Japan's occupation remains unresolved. A Tobit analysis supported presentist approaches although, as traditionalists claim, perceptions of wrongdoers were resistant to change. The organic nature of collective memory suggests that perceptions can only be transformed by comprehensive transitional justice.     

Efficient,Adaptable Simulations: A Case Study of a Climate Negotiation Game

Instructors may be reluctant to adopt simulations because of time, labor, or material constraints, or perceived incompatibility with large classes. In fact, simple games can cover multiple key concepts with minimal time and effort by the instructor. Simple games are also adaptable to other topics and classes, including large lectures. This article presents a simulation in which students negotiate a global greenhouse gas reduction agreement. Three scenarios model basic climate change mitigation, follow-on agreements for climate stabilization, and the surprise withdrawal of signatories after a domestic leadership turnover (e.g., the 2016 U.S. presidential election). The simulation teaches key concepts such as anarchy, collective action, preference divergence, and commitment problems. Concepts such as institutions, identity, and levels of analysis arise organically from game play. The exercise has extremely low cost and setup time. It can be run in 15 minutes or extended for a full class period. The game may also be repurposed to simulate other bargaining or collective action issues. This case study shows that simulations can be efficient and adaptable. Instructors can create their own simple games to enhance comprehension of key concepts.