Recent narcotics and mafia research

Abstract

Research into narcotics‐related issues is underway all over the world. No country can afford to ignore the social and economic consequences of drug production, distribution, consumption, or the laundering of the profits thereof. The article examines recent and ongoing research in Latin America, the United States, the United Kingdom, and within the context of the European Community. Latin American studies relate drug production to wider problems of economic development, whereas typical “consumer country” studies are more concerned with criminological aspects and demand reduction policies. The drugs/crime link is seen to be closely bound up with the illegal context of the drugs market, thus the option for legalization is considered. The economic growth of the Italian mafia is explained. The author describes recent international agreements on money laundering and precursor chemicals, and concludes by stressing the value of international cooperation on all aspects of narcotics research.     

Using the personal influence model to guide theory building for participatory communication in Africa

Abstract

This article argues that the personal influence model (PIM) be used strategically to resolve conflicts and social crises in Africa. It presents PIM as a complementary, analytic discourse to participatory communication, a development paradigm commonly used globally in a variety of social programs. That discourse, as a framework for theory building, is grounded in Africa's emerging and enduring realities: (a) the growing interest of the international community to assist Africa to meet the U.N. Millennium Development Goals, whose focus is to reduce extreme poverty by 2015; (b) the ephemeral nature of Africa's political and social stability that necessitates reducing fear, improving community security, nurturing public trust, and building inter-group relationships, all as preconditions for attaining social development, and for using a community-agency- contracts-partnerships approach to deliver development services; and (c) the palpable congruence of PIM with Africa's extensive social networks, which are typically used as communication tools for social development. Those realities guide four propositions that serve as a heuristic template for testing and refining the participatory approach, thereby guiding theory building in participatory communication in African communities. That template identifies an expansive three-concept research agenda – culture, community governance and rule of law, and economic freedom – that raises questions, defines concepts, measures key variables, and assesses outcomes.     

信息化条件下四川省城乡社区警务基本态势及发展研究

信息化对公安机关社会管理和打击犯罪的社会责任提出了更高要求。信息化条件下城乡社区警务面临新的挑战。以四川省城乡社区警务建设为研究对象,调查分析信息化条件下城乡社区警务基本态势及面临的挑战,可提出依托社区信息化发展、增强信息主导警务的理念、完善社区警务情报信息工作机制、强化社区民警能力培养等发展措施。实现信息化在社区警务运行中全方位的渗透和融合,可推动城乡社区警务发展,提高社区治安防控能力。     

综合警务模式下推进社区警务建设的思考

在警务综合模式下,进一步夯实派出所社区网格基础,一是着力社区警务社会化运作,运用1＋N机制,共创社区平安和谐;二是着力社区警务网格化管理,把信息采集、人口管理、巡逻防控等责任落实到网格内;三是着力社区警务信息化支撑,运用派出所综合业务信息平台,采集信息、分析研判,集成管控;四是着力社区警务长效化保障,明确派出所职责定位、保证民警下社区时间,优化社区基础工作的考核评价。     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Familias con Voz</Emphasis>: Community Survey Results from an Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) Prevention Project with Migrant Workers

The Migrant Clinicians Network’s Familias con Voz (Families with a Voice) project aims to train migrant men and women to become intimate partner violence (IPV) peer educators in their communities. In preparation for implementing educational activities, a community survey was conducted with 298 participants in three Texas border counties. Verbal abuse, such as name calling, was the most frequent type of violence reported. Men perceived anger as a cause of partner violence significantly more than women. Only 22% of respondents reported knowing of a shelter they could turn to for help. Surprisingly, a majority of participants cited “seeking help from the police” when asked about ways to decrease partner violence. Survey results offer insight into developing effective intervention programs by capturing the intended audiences’ beliefs and attitudes. Additionally, survey results reveal possible strategies for how to tackle IPV in U.S.-Mexico border migrant farmworker communities.

Youth, Police Legitimacy and Informal Contact

This paper explores the under-researched topic of young people’s attitudes towards police in two studies using structural equation modelling. The first study examines the influence of police legitimacy on the willingness of young people to assist police. The second study examines the impact of informal contact with police during a community policing project on young people’s willingness to assist police. Findings show that young people who view police as legitimate are more willing to assist police. Participation in the community policing project had a significant and positive influence on young people’s willingness to assist police independent of young people’s attitudes about police legitimacy.

市民社会视野下的社区民警绩效评估机制

市民社会为社区民警的绩效评估提供了一种新的理论分析视角。目前我国社区民警的绩效考核在考核主体、考核内容、考核程序、考核结果的运用等考核体系中存在种种问题。用市民社会理论对社区民警绩效考核评估问题进行分析,从理论上讲,符合未来警务机制、政治体制乃至整个社会机制改革的要求;从实践上讲,也更符合当前中国社会所提倡的“以人为本”的执政理念,从而进一步加快社区民．擎缔蔚评估工作的拼程．     

社区禁毒工作思路探析

毒品问题是我国乃至世界所面临的一个重大的社会问题。禁毒冶理是一项规模宏大的社会性综合治理工程,关系到国家的长治久安,而社区禁毒是其中的一个重要组成部分。在科学发展观的指导下,充分利用社区的组织、人力、文化、教育等资源,全方位、多角度地开展禁毒斗争,是禁毒的有效途径。     

中缅公共卫生安全合作:现状、挑战及前景

随着中缅两国友好关系的稳步发展,两国公共卫生安全合作不断深化.新冠肺炎危机爆发以来,中缅积极开展抗疫合作,深化了两国政府和人民对中缅命运共同体的认同,也为两国推进公共卫生安全合作带来新机遇.除了双边合作外,中缅还在中国-东盟、大湄公河次区域经济合作和澜湄合作等区域性合作机制下积极寻求联合抗疫等公共卫生领域的交流与合作,并利用世界卫生组织等国际平台参与全球卫生治理,取得了良好成效.但是,缅甸脆弱的公共卫生体系,中缅边境地区严峻的非传统安全问题,以及缅甸不稳定的社会基础等因素对中缅深化公共卫生安全合作构成了巨大挑战.为此,中国应利用后疫情时代公共卫生安全领域的合作机遇,深入了解缅甸公共卫生体系建设和民众卫生健康的实际需求,进一步拓展双方的合作空间,为中缅公共卫生安全合作创造有利环境.概而言之,中缅应围绕加强信息共享,推进中缅应对传染病联防联控体系常态化建设;注重能力建设,利用多边平台增强缅甸的公共卫生治理能力;加强健康教育,联合开展公共卫生人才培养计划;利用传统优势,充分激发中缅传统医药合作潜能;鼓励多方参与,有效发挥非政府组织在卫生合作中的作用等方面共同努力,从而进一步推动中缅命运共同体建设.