DOES CRIME JUST MOVE AROUND THE CORNER? A CONTROLLED STUDY OF SPATIAL DISPLACEMENT AND DIFFUSION OF CRIME CONTROL BENEFITS*

Recent studies point to the potential theoretical and practical benefits of focusing police resources on crime hot spots. However, many scholars have noted that such approaches risk displacing crime or disorder to other places where programs are not in place. Although much attention has been paid to the idea of displacement, methodological problems associated with measuring it have often been overlooked. We try to fill these gaps in measurement and understanding of displacement and the related phenomenon of diffusion of crime control benefits. Our main focus is on immediate spatial displacement or diffusion of crime to areas near the targeted sites of an intervention. Do focused crime prevention efforts at places simply result in a movement of offenders to areas nearby targeted sites—“do they simply move crime around the corner”? Or, conversely, will a crime prevention effort focusing on specific places lead to improvement in areas nearby—what has come to be termed a diffusion of crime control benefits? Our data are drawn from a controlled study of displacement and diffusion in Jersey City, New Jersey. Two sites with substantial street‐level crime and disorder were targeted and carefully monitored during an experimental period. Two neighboring areas were selected as “catchment areas” from which to assess immediate spatial displacement or diffusion. Intensive police interventions were applied to each target site but not to the catchment areas. More than 6,000 20‐minute social observations were conducted in the target and catchment areas. They were supplemented by interviews and ethnographic field observations. Our findings indicate that, at least for crime markets involving drugs and prostitution, crime does not simply move around the corner. Indeed, this study supports the position that the most likely outcome of such focused crime prevention efforts is a diffusion of crime control benefits to nearby areas.     

谈公安领导艺术的特征

卓有成效地实施公安领导与管理离不开公安领导艺术,而复杂多样的公安工作性质又决定了公安领导艺术的不同特征.文章重点论述了公安领导者在决策指挥、思想教育、目标管理、实践工作和指导工作等方面的艺术特征.     

论特警心理品质的培养

作战心理训练的基本目的,就是提高特警的心理素质,适应可能面对的各种复杂、危险、疲劳、激烈的执法战斗环境,最大限度地发挥特警的各种执法战斗技能和战术,保持旺盛的战斗力。要注意发现及培养作为一名特警所应具备的心理品质,应从战斗精神、应变能力、安全意识、安全意识等四个方面去提高特警的心理品质。     

对公安执法监督的几点思考

面对入世后的新形势,现有执法监督模式已不适应现实工作,必须进一步完善工作机制,提升各级公安机关和民警的执法水平。     

对社区警务基本思想的几点思考

现代社区警务是一种以治本为主、治标为辅、以社区和服务为导向的警务发展战略。其基本原则是预防为主、警民合作原则。其基本特征是警务工作社会化、警民关系伙伴化、治安对策前置化、警察形象柔性化。     

谈公安派出所在消防监督检查中存在的问题及对策

公安派出所消防监督检查是我国三级消防管理体制的重要组成部分。文章通过调查和对辽宁省朝阳市1994年~2004年火灾情况的分析,发现公安派出所在消防监督检查工作中存在体制关系不顺等问题,为完善公安派出所消防安全工作,使消防监督三级管理走上法制化的轨道,贯彻落实公安部73号令———《消防监督检查规定》,结合实际提出了将消防监督检查工作落到实处的解决方案。     

从一维到多元——浅议社会转型期公安专业学生思想教育的改进

In order to adapt to the development of higher education under the background of social transformation,the Central Com- mittee of CPC and the State Council have put forward“Suggestions on Strengthening and Improving College Students' Ideological and Polit- ical Education”.How to adhere to such a sprit to improve students' ideological and political education has become the chief task for police colleges.Police colleges should change the concept of unitary model to the model of pluralism to increase students'ideological and political education level.     

把握教学培训统一契机提高警体教学水平

肩负着职业培训、学历教育双重任务的警察院校在教学培训中可从五个方面提高警体教学水平:正确分析教学对象,使教学内容做到因材施教;充分整合公安教育中各方物力与财力,使教学设备发挥最佳效能;探讨教育规律与过程,丰富教学方法;发挥人才优势,进行教学科研课题攻关;均衡师资结构,达到教、训协调发展.     

公安教育模式改革思考

从教育价值观的角度看,公安学历教育有其存在的必要性.但公安院校必须审视自己的不足,进行如下一些改革:一是要建立学员淘汰、交流制度,二是要大力完善公安院校和公安实务部门的人事交流制度,三是要挖掘潜力,开发公安院校内部教育资源.     

德国防暴警察解救人质策略

德国边防警察部队学习和借鉴其他国家防暴警察的行动战术 ,结合本国反恐怖的形势和要求 ,总结出一套行之有效的反劫持战术和解救人质策略。概括地讲 ,德国边防警察部队防暴警察和特种防暴警察在对付劫持人质事件中注重谈判技巧 ,讲求方法取胜 ,在万不得已的情况下诉诸武力 ,也要争取多方配合 ,巧施骗术 ,蒙蔽劫持者 ,给武力行动创造最佳时机 ,充分发挥武器装备的优势 ,力求速战速决 ,最大限度减少人质伤亡 ,保证反劫持解救人质行动的胜利