地方政府与企业环境治理合作关系的形成——以太湖流域水污染防治为例

政府对企业环境行为的监管一直面临着三个挑战:由于信息不对称带来的交易成本过高,企业的环境成本与收益不确定,监管方成为被监管方的"俘虏"。在环境危机的压力下,地方政府采取了运动式的环境治理方式,企业面临着不确定的环境管制。地方政府与企业之间往往形成了"同谋"和"零和"关系。在目前中国环境管理制度框架下,地方政府与企业之间能否形成合作关系?本文以太湖流域水污染防治为案例,探索可能的路径和政策选择。     

论科层制管理体制及其对侦查的影响

因适应社会分工而出现的各种正式组织被统称为科层制。科层制管理体制的特点是：具有明确的职权等级、具有稳定的规章制度、采取的是卷宗管理制度。科层制管理体制与侦查活动具有一致性和矛盾性的相互关系。科层制管理体制对侦查的影响是：第一,科层管理体制有助于实现侦查行为的整体逻辑理性;第二,科层管理体制中的执行层和决策层之间可能出现紧张关系;第三,科层管理体制可能形成僵化和形式主义,降低侦查工作的灵活性和快速反应性。     

Mega-Regional Trade Deals in the Asia-Pacific: Choosing Between the TPP and RCEP?

The emergence of “mega-regional” trade agreements has recently become the most significant trade policy issue in the Asia-Pacific. Since 2010, governments in the region have launched negotiations for two new trade agreements: the United States-led Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) and the ASEAN-led Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). Differentiated by their membership, scope and level of ambition, the TPP and RCEP embody competing visions for how the Asia-Pacific trade system should evolve, and regional governments must now make choices over which initiative better serves their economic and political interests. This article explores the trade policy choice posed by these mega-regional trade negotiations, reviewing the evolution of the Asia-Pacific trade system, the recent emergence of the TPP and RCEP, and the competitive dynamics inherent in the development of the two proposals. It argues that four key considerations (trade policy ambition, the role of ASEAN, US-China geopolitical rivalry and defensive concerns) will be of key importance in informing regional governments’ decisions as the TPP and RCEP move towards completion in 2015.     

Expectations from Administrative Reforms: An Attempt to Implement the Balanced Scorecard in a Public Sector Organization

The aim of this case study is to explore what actors in a Swedish municipality expect from a new administrative reform (i.e., an attempt to implement the Balanced Scorecard). The findings show that the expectations on changes are highest among the politicians, moderate among the administrators, and lowest among the operative employees. The differences can be explained by the way the reform is anticipated to favor or disfavor the actors, who in turn are influenced by the actors' past experiences. Most of the expressed expectations concern expectations of the outcome of the administrative reform, but some concern expectations on the reform itself.     

Process Management as a Contagious Idea: A Contribution to Røvik's Virus-Inspired Theory

‘Travelling ideas’ denotes the fact that virtually identical management ideas crop up more or less simultaneously in similar organizations. Røvik, who recently launched his ‘virus-inspired theory’ approach, seeks to pinpoint the possibility that the encounter between idea and practice may be lasting, ideas may affect practice, and leaders in organisations may play a more active role than the one often depicted in management fashion theory. This article is a contribution to his virus-inspired theory. It focuses on processes in their pragmatic form, as value-creating flows in organisations. We have studied Process Management (PM) as an idea, and how it has penetrated and flourished in the Swedish Customs Service. We argue that the empirical test in this article supports Røvik's belief that a virus-inspired theory gives a richer picture than the fashion theory. Through our analysis we show that four of our six hypotheses, derived from the virus-inspired theory, are strengthened by the empirical story from the Customs Service.     

完善城市治安巡逻动态勤务机制若干问题的思考

近年来,随着人、财、物的大流动,社会治安形势发生了巨大变化,城市治安状况呈现出明显的动态化趋势.当前城市基层公安机关街面治安巡逻工作中存在的主要问题表现在认识上对巡逻工作的定位存在偏差,警力配备与所担负的过重工作任务不相适应,现有的勤务方式与实际工作任务不相适应,现有的装备保障难以适应现实工作的需要.我们应充分认识巡逻工作在服务民生方面的重要地位和作用,减负巡逻队“110”的接处警工作压力,结合本辖区特点,施行科学、合理、可操作的动态治安巡逻勤务模式,并对巡逻辅助力量开展必要的培训和有效的管理使用.     

网络群体性事件中政府危机管理的哲学思考

网络群体性事件的产生有复杂的经济和政治原因,包括社会经济、政治的不和谐、人民群众认识水平差异、敌对势力的鼓动、政府在应对事件过程中方式方法欠妥等.与传统群体性事件相比,网络群体性事件有规模巨大、破坏力强等显著特征.网络属于新生事物,网络群体性事件也是我国面临的非传统安全之一.能不能做好网络群体性事件的管理,已经成为政府管理能力的试金石.只有不断地加强政府管理的效率,加强网络立法,加强网络监管,区分事件性质,打击网上敌对分子,网络才能成为一片净土,成为广大网民的“美丽世界”.     

社会管理法治化中的社区警务——基于衢州市“公安群众工作综合体”的实证研究

公安机关社会管理是政府社会管理的重要组成部分,其管理成效直接影响到群众生活和社会稳定。一直以来,公安作为国家的专政工具,围绕着高度集权的政府行使专政与社会管理,在政治、经济、社会领域承担着管控的职能。随着服务型政府的转型,公安行政也面临着服务转型,尤其是社区警务,必须以服务社区为导向,寓管理于服务之中。“公安群众工作综合体”将社区警务嵌入社区生活,为社区警务的转型提供了有效的载体,推动了社会管理的创新。     

基于安全系统学原理的爆炸物品管理

爆炸物品管理是一个繁杂而艰巨的系统工程,运用安全系统学原理研究和指导爆炸物品管理工作是十分契合的,又是十分必要和重要的。在构建爆炸物品管理的安全系统结构模型,确定爆炸物品管理安全系统综合指标体系及其权重的基础上,提出了爆炸物品管理系统安全、科学、高效运行的措施。     

The regional outcome of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement five years down the road: Are external forces playing a progressive role?

ABSTRACT

The Sudan's Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) of January 2005 is the outcome of regional and international mediation led by the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD)1 and the IGAD Partners’ Forum broadened to include the United States of America, Norway, the Netherlands, Canada, Italy and the United Nations. Five years into its implementation the peace agreement appears to have transformed the war between North and South Sudan into a series of engagements of conflicting nature. Numerous contradictory actions by both the Sudanese People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) and the National Congress Party (NCP) (the main political forces behind the CPA) have been noted during the ongoing implementation process (Grawert forthcoming 2010; Grawert and El-Battahani 2005; Wassara 2008). Although internal Sudanese forces are the key actors in implementing the CPA, external forces are critical in providing the support and pressure needed for a complete realisation of the peace deal. The New Regionalism Approach (NRA), as advanced by Grant and Soderbäum (2003), is instrumental in understanding this dynamic. This article is based on the result of a study that seeks to examine why positive engagements of external forces are needed for a timely implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement.