论现代警务机制中的治安内保工作

治安内保工作是公安工作的重要组成部分。目前,上海的治安内保基层工作、基础建设、基本技能等方面亟待加强和改进,这是实行现代治安内保警务的基础,更是构建上海现代警务机制的前提。为此,我们必须从实际出发,根据治安内保工作的规律、特点,因地制宜,合理布局,建立健全点面结合、动静结合、人技结合的立体治安内保警务防控网络。     

MANAGING CITIZEN CALLS TO THE POLICE: THE IMPACT OF BALTIMORE'S 3‐1‐1 CALL SYSTEM*

Research Summary: Our paper explores the impact of implementing a nonemergency 3‐1‐1 call system in Baltimore, Maryland. We found a large (34.2%) reduction in 9‐1‐1 calls following the introduction of the 3‐1‐1 nonemergency call system. Many, but not all, of these calls simply migrated over to the 3‐1‐1 call system. Overall, we identified a 7.7% reduction in recorded citizen calls to the police post 3‐1‐1 intervention. This recorded reduction in citizen calls was confounded by an increase in high priority calls to the 9‐1‐1 system (27.5%), a large overall reduction in low priority calls (54.3%), and an estimated increase (perhaps 8%) in unrecorded calls to the police. We also note a small increase in response times to high priority 9‐1‐1 calls following the implementation of the 3‐1‐1 call system and virtually no change in the amount of officer time available for community policing or problem‐oriented policing activities. Policy Implications: Our findings suggest that nonemergency call systems, such as 3‐1‐1, can greatly facilitate police efforts to better handle citizen calls for police service. However, the intrinsic value of nonemergency call systems is tightly woven with a police department's willingness to change dispatch policies (especially for those calls received via the 3‐1‐1 system), reallocate patrol resources, and adopt organizational reforms to support alternative methods (apart from dispatch) for handling nonemergency calls for service.     

谈构建现代警务运作机制之策略

随着社会主义市场经济体制的确立和发展,旧的警务模式已不适应新的需要,公安机关必须从内部自觉地将市场经济的基本规律运用到公安科学管理活动中去。现代警务规划应以效率和效益的最大化为原则,警务安排中不能出现任何低效和浪费现象;应着眼于长效机制的建设,抓好队伍管理。     

我国诱惑侦查制度的立法建构

诱惑侦查作为一种特殊的侦查手段,已为我国侦查机关广泛运用,但由于我国的立法对此未作出具体明确的规定,衍生出一系列的问题。因此,我国应在考察、借鉴各主要法治国家处理诱惑侦查经验的基础上,明确承认和规制我国的诱惑侦查,从而促进刑事侦查法制的改进与完善。     

Families in Circle Process: Restorative Justice in Family Law

This article explores the use of “circle process”—a form of restorative justice—in family law and places this effort within a larger movement within the law toward law as a healing profession, or the “comprehensive law movement.” It explores the features and underpinnings of circle process and its relationship to original forms of dispute resolution such as those used in African‐style mediation and indigenous people's dispute resolution in North America. Values expressed by these forms of dispute resolution are argued to be particularly relevant in family law. Finally, it focuses on an innovative and exciting court‐sponsored program begun in Chicago in 2008, using circle process with families in conflict, in the Cook County Parentage and Child Support Court. This program's results suggest potential benefits and cautions of using circle process in family law.

Key Points for the Family Court Community:
• Restorative justice, in particular, circle process, can be used to resolve family law cases.
• Circle process widens the group of participants in alternative dispute resolution of family law matters.
• Circle process brings more voices to the table, namely, extended family, friends, and supporters, thus enhancing the group's decisionmaking.
• Judges will want to be sure the families in question are appropriate for circle process before referring them to this method of resolving disputes.
• Circle processes can result in improved communication and relations among families in conflict.
• Circle process reflects the values of “original dispute resolution,” which often in turn reflects ubuntu, the idea that all humankind is interconnected.
• Circle process is part of a greater movement towards law as a healing profession/the comprehensive law movement, which includes therapeutic jurisprudence.

     

现代警务管理应提倡以人为本

现代警务管理内容应该包括警务管理思想现代化、机构高效化、方法法制化、技术高科技化、人员专业化、方式民主化.现代警务管理应该提倡以人为本,这可从政治思想教育、竞争激励机制、干部人事制度改革三方面予以推进.     

论警方陈告的几种特殊形式

警方陈告有四种特殊形式特别警示--一种公式化的片段性表达;示范性陈告--以一定的组织形式,将对某事某人的陈告同时示范于其他公民的行为;泛对象陈告--不是给具体当事人的,而是给具有某特定属性的一类人的陈告;答疑性陈告--以当事人或关系人以及其他关系方提出质询、反驳为前提,由警方补充作出的应对性陈告.     

THE RACE/ETHNICITY DISPARITY IN MISDEMEANOR MARIJUANA ARRESTS IN NEW YORK CITY

RESEARCH SUMMARY: This article examines the growth in marijuana misdemeanor arrests in New York City (NYC) from 1980 to 2003 and its differential impact on blacks and Hispanics. Since 1980, the New York City Police Department (NYPD) expanded its use of arrest and detention for minor offenses under its quality-of-life (QOL) policing initiative. Arrest data indicate that during the 1990s the primary focus of QOL policing became smoking marijuana in public view (MPV). By 2000, MPV had become the most common misdemeanor arrest, accounting for 15% of all NYC adult arrests and rivaling controlled substance arrests as the primary focus of drug abuse control. Of note, most MPV arrestees have been black or Hispanic. Furthermore, black and Hispanic MPV arrestees have been more likely to be detained prior to arraignment, convicted, and sentenced to jail than their white counterparts. POLICY IMPLICATIONS: In light of the disparities, we recommend that the NYPD consider scaling back on MPV enforcement and reducing the harshness of treatment by routinely issuing Desk Appearance Tickets when the person is not wanted on other charges, so that most MPV arrestees would not be detained. Furthermore, we recommend that legislators should consider making smoking marijuana in public a violation and not a misdemeanor. Lastly, we suggest ways that NYC could monitor the effectiveness of these policy modifications to assure that the city continues to meet its goals for order maintenance.     

关于西方国家社区警务理论与实践的探讨

社区警务作为一种适应时代要求的警务战略,已被世界上许多国家和地区认可,成为当今世界警政主流,一些西方国家在操作实践和理论研究方面积累了丰富经验.中国警方适应这一警政潮流是大势所趋.