Problems of corruption and distrust in political and administrative institutions in Slovenia

Corruption is perceived in all societies as a social pathology that causes great material and moral damage and is a threat to the society's continual development. Especially in countries with a freshly consolidated democracy, as Slovenia, the phenomena of corruption must be treated with all due attention. This article emphasises that corruption in Slovenia is publicly perceived as one of the most important and even increasing problems in society. We are also analysing one of the crucial side effects of the corruption, resulting itself in ever deeper public distrust to most significant political and administrative institutions.     

Creating markets in no-trust environments: The law and economics of smart contracts

Smart contracts, self-executing agreements based on blockchain technology, have the capacity to create trust in what we term no-trust contracting environments. We argue that using them in such environments is the path to unleash the full potential of smart contracts. Compared to the contract enforcement mechanisms characterized by traditional contract law or relational contracts, smart contracts can offer a superior solution for facilitating trade.Several lawyers and economists have debated whether smart contracts might offer the prospect of cheaper, faster and better transactions. As we discuss below, contract law scholars caution that they neither replicate the relational context essential for the day-to-day practice of contracting nor offer a superior solution to problems addressed by traditional contract law, such as contract validity and legality. We clarify and systematize the current thinking on the legal nature and reliability of smart contracts, and address the concerns of contract law scholars. While doing that, we suggest a step forward in characterizing contracting environments, contract enforcement mechanisms and the trust relationship underlying contracts.     

封堵“高考移民”事件的行政法思考

“高考移民”现象由来已久 ,引发许多社会问题。2 0 0 3年高考前夕 ,各地纷纷出台封堵“高考移民”的政策 ,造成很大社会影响 ,社会各界人士发表的看法仅从教育政策的视角出发。应契合建设法治国家的需要出发 ,从行政法角度对这一问题进行深层法理思考 ,并探讨此次事件所揭示出的我国行政法治上存在的诸多问题。     

信托基金模式在生态园行政管理中的引入——美国旧金山普雷西迪奥信托基金模式及启迪

目前,中国的生态园治理模式采用单一的行政管理模式,由于环境保护让位于经济利益、问责制度不完善等问题,我国生态园管理效果一直不明显。借鉴国外成熟经验—美国运营良好的旧金山普雷西迪奥公园的信托基金管理模式,该模式是兼具公法行政力和私法经营权的混合管理模式,能够调动市场配置资源的作用,有效配置资源的同时也满足公共需求,在经济利益与社会公共利益之间寻求到平衡,解决行政管理僵化,成本高昂的问题,可资借鉴。     

环境损害赔偿与公益信托——以福岛核事故为中心

福岛核辐射事故造成包括森林、海洋、湖泊、地下水等的环境损害,其中,有些是私人受到了损害,有些是社会受到了损害。这些损害应该如何赔偿?特别是自然资源价值的赔偿是问题的难点所在,比如自然资源之森林,交换价值的赔偿应归属于所有人,其非使用价值则应归属于公众。因此,非使用价值则应赔偿给公众。但是,如何归属呢?对此,宜采用公益信托理念,由国家或地方政府作为受托人,为了社会整体享有利益,请求赔偿。而赔偿方式也是一个重要问题,一般有恢复原状、金钱赔偿两种,一般计算出的环境价值减少部分低于恢复原状的费用,但如果能准确计算出全部自然资源价值,环境价值减少部分与恢复原状的费用基本上相同。因此,公益受托人可以选择任何一种适于该情形的赔偿。     

Woodcock v Cumbria Primary Care Trust: The Objective Justification Test for Age Discrimination

This note discusses the limits to the defence of objective justification when applied to direct age discrimination, specifically with regard to situations where the employer attempts to rely on cost‐saving as a legitimate aim. The author examines the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice of the European Union (formerly the European Court of Justice, ECJ) on which this case relies, and considers whether the defence has been interpreted too widely, opening up the possibility of cost‐saving as a defence to discrimination on the grounds of this particular protected characteristic. The note concludes that, while cost‐saving cannot be the sole justification for less favourable treatment by employers, it may nevertheless form part of an overall legitimate aim when coupled with additional factors.     

加强民间交流 促进中国－东盟政治互信

本文论述中国与东盟的关系,着重论述了中国与东盟加强民间交流对促进中国与东盟政治互信的作用。认为只要东盟非政府组织、学术界、智库网络与中国方面的平行和互补作用得到加强,官民之间以及民间在文化、历史、政治和安全、经济等关键领域的联系更加密切,中国与东盟的民间外交轨道将朝着纵深延伸。     

领导行为与政府绩效的关联路径:基于下属信任中介作用的实证研究

领导行为确实会以下属信任为中介对政府绩效产生影响。其中,变革型领导行为通过下属信任对政府绩效所产生的影响大于交易型领导行为通过下属信任对政府绩效所产生的影响。并且,不同的领导行为对政府绩效所产生的间接效应的方向与该行为对政府绩效所产生的直接效应的方向一致。而性别、职级、学历等个体特征差异对研究结果没有显著影响。关注下属的媒介属性是深入全面了解领导行为对政府绩效的影响过程及作用机理的有效切入点。可以从公务员个体、组织文化、相关制度等方面入手发挥下属信任的积极作用。     

Overreaching In Registered Land Law

Beneficial interests under a trust were not intended to be overriding interests under section 70(1)(g) of the Land Registration Act 1925. The position was altered by Williams & Glyn's Bank Ltd v Boland , which determined that an interest under a trust for sale would bind a purchaser if the beneficiary were in actual occupation. The decision raised the question whether such interests could be overreached once the beneficiary was in occupation of the trust property. City of London Building Society v Flegg held that the relevant beneficial interest had been overreached. Both decisions assume that overreaching in registered conveyancing takes effect as it does in unregistered land. Yet there is considerable evidence that the Land Registration Act contains its own overreaching machinery. The House of Lords applied the wrong overreaching provisions in Boland and Flegg and there is no legal basis on which to recognise that trust interests can override a subsequent disposition under section 70(1)(g).     

论信赖原则在医疗事故刑事责任认定中的适用

医疗行为具有很强的专业性，也具有极高的风险性，在诊疗护理活动中医疗过失难免会发生。因此，对于医疗过失行为承担刑事责任的范围不宜过为宽泛。文章通过阐述信赖原则在医疗事故刑事责任认定中的适用条件及其限制性因素，为正确界定医疗过失行为承担刑事责任的范围提供了理论依据，以期对司法实践有所裨益。