关于细化和落实公安机关领导干部逐级负责制和责任追究制的思考

公安机关领导干部逐级负责制存在落实不到位的问题。要在领导干部逐级负责制中实施责任追究的做法,完善考核机制,全面实行责任倒查机制,强化思想政治工作。     

我国刑事侦查程序的正当目的与建立司法审查制度的构想

侦查机关拥有强制性处分权在实践中易导致刑讯逼供、超期羁押、非法取证等一系列问题,影响刑事诉讼目的的实现。必须对侦查权的行使科以必要的法律限制,建立外在的正当程序规则,侦查程序的正当目的就是基于这一需要产生的。建立合理完善的司法审查制度,对侦查机关实施强制性处分权进行司法审查,就成为侦查程序正当目的研究的历史使命。     

The compliant court — Procedural fairness and social control in compulsory community care

Compulsory community care (CCC) was introduced in Sweden in 2008. This article investigates all written court decisions regarding CCC over a 6 month period in 2009 (N = 541). The purpose is to examine how the legal rights of patients are protected and what forms of social control patients are subjected to.     

侦查活动的博弈论解构与指引——评李双其《侦查博弈论》

侦查学作为一门实践科学,其理论基础何在?这是一个为许多学者苦心孤诣所追问并试图揭示的问题。博弈论对于侦查中的策略与行为选择具有很强的解释性,实际就是解构了侦查策略和侦查行为选择的理论根据,对于现实的侦查行为具有很好的指引作用。李双其教授的最新专著《侦查博弈论》就是将博弈论全面运用于侦查学基础理论研究的重要成果,不仅具有开创意义,也深具独到见解。当然,该著述的得失,还有赖于更多的读者来评说。     

参与式教学法在侦查实训中的应用探索

参与式教学法是以学习者为中心,鼓励学习者积极参与教学过程的一种协作式或合作式教学方法。无论是从学生学习的规律特点,侦查工作的性质和特点要求,还是从提高侦查实训教学效果的角度,侦查实训教学中应用参与式教学都有其必要性。以犯罪现场勘查课程的实训教学为例,通过课前设计、课堂训练、作业反馈等三个阶段中的参与式教学实践,能够增强实训的逼真性,提高学生的参与程度与学习兴趣,有效提升训练效果。     

Merger Melancholia: An Empirical Analysis of the Perceptions of the Residents of the Forcibly Amalgamated Manilla Shire Council

Notwithstanding cogent reasons for the continued existence of small local authorities in the sparsely populated Australian hinterland, compulsory council consolidation has been a recurring theme throughout the history of Australian local government. Despite its ubiquity, especially in rural, regional and remote Australian communities, its local consequences have not yet been fully examined by scholars or policy makers. The present paper seeks to remedy this neglect with an exploratory study of the social and economic consequences of forced local government amalgamations through the lens of the ‘lived experience’ of the small rural community of Manilla, which was forced in merge with the much larger Tamworth in 2004.     

Plain text passwords: A forensic RAM-raid

Despite many academic studies in the last 15 years acknowledging the investigative value of physical memory due to the potential sensitive nature of data it may contain, it arguably remains rarely collected at-scene in most criminal investigations. Whilst this may be due to factors such as first responders lacking the technical skills to do this task, or simply that it is overlooked as an evidence source, this work seeks to emphasise the worth of this task by demonstrating the ability to recover plain-text login credentials from it. Through an examination of logins made to 15 popular online services carried out via the Chrome, Edge and Mozilla Firefox browsers, testing shows that plain-text credentials are present in RAM in every case. Here, a transparent test methodology is defined and the results of test cases are presented along with ‘string markers’ which allow a practitioner to search their RAM captures for the presence of unknown credential information for these services in future cases.     

That tool is rubbish!…or is it?

Digital forensic practitioners often utilise a range of tools throughout their casework in order to access, identify and analyse relevant data, making them a vital part of conducting thorough, efficient and accurate digital examinations of device content and datasets. Whilst their importance cannot be understated, there is also no guarantee that their functionality is free from error, where similarly, no practitioner can 100% assure that their performance is flawless. Should an error occur during an investigation, assuming that it has been identified, then determining the cause of it is important for the purposes of ensuring quality control in both the immediate investigation and for longer-term practice improvements. Perhaps anecdotally, a starting position in any postmortem review of an error may be to suspect that any tools used may be at fault, where recent narratives and initiatives have enforced the need to evaluate all tools prior to them being used in any live investigation. Yet, in addition, an error may occur as a result of a practitioner’s investigative conduct. This work discusses the concept of ‘fault-attribution’, focusing on the roles of the forensic tool and practitioner, and proposes a series of principles for determining responsibility for an investigative error.     

The impact of motivational and contextual factors on turnout in first- and second-order elections

Based on voter survey from European election study 2009, we examine the impact of one individual-level motivational factor, i.e. interest in politics, and its interactions with institutional and contextual factors such as compulsory voting, electoral competition and the number of parties on participation in 2009 EP elections and previous national elections. The results show that political interest is more closely connected to turnout in second-order elections which are usually considered less salient. Correspondingly, also the contingent effect of compulsory voting and competition is more evident in EP elections. While compulsory voting substantially decreases the turnout gap between the most and least politically attentive voters in both types of elections, the moderating effect of competitiveness is found only in EP elections.     

论量刑信息的调查

确保量刑信息得到全面、准确的调查,是量刑程序改革所要解决的一项重大课题。中国迄今没有引进"量刑前报告"的可能性,也难以将少年司法中的"社会调查报告"推广到"成年人案件"的量刑程序之中。在量刑建议制度的推行中,一直存在着"重量刑结果、轻量刑信息"的问题,而律师在从事量刑辩护过程中也对量刑信息的搜集不予重视,也缺乏相应的制度保障。被害方对量刑程序的参与不仅具有必要性,而且也可以向法庭提供新的量刑信息。为实现量刑裁决的公正性,为了使法官在量刑上的自由裁量权受到有效的规范和制约,法院有必要对量刑信息的调查确立更为合理的程序。