双波长薄层扫描法测定尿塞通片中盐酸小檗碱的含量

目的：研究尿塞通片中盐酸小檗碱的含量测定方法。方法：采用双波长薄层扫描法，以正丁醇—冰醋酸—水(7：1：2)为展开剂，测定波长为425nm。结果：尿塞通片中其他成分对盐酸小檗碱的测定无干扰，线性范围为0．0636—0．3180μg，平均回收率为96．97％，RSD为1．71％。结论：该方法操作简便、准确，可用于尿塞通片的质量监控。     

论人民警察职务关系

人民警察职务关系,是指公民基于担任一定的警察职务而与国家警察机关之间所形成的特定的法律关系。人民警察职务关系的存在是担任人民警察职务的公民能够以警察机关的名义实施警务活动、行使警察权力的前提和基础,人民警察职务关系也是理解和认识人民警察法律地位及其基于人民警察身份而形成的法律上的权利义务内容的关键。因而,我们对人民警察职务关系的含义、特征、内容、产生、变更、消灭以及保障等要有明确的认识。     

Measuring party strategies on the territorial dimension: a method based on content analysis

This article proposes an innovative coding scheme for the content analysis of party manifestos, one designed to estimate party strategies on the territorial dimension and based on a solid theoretical framework. It builds on existing scholarly efforts on party positioning, while adding further theoretical and methodological insights. The proposed coding scheme first conceives of party strategies as the combination of three tools, namely the manipulation of salience and positioning and the framing of policy preferences. Second, it points out the importance of distinguishing between purposely vague and ‘blurred' positioning and ‘contradictory' but clear and nuanced positioning.

The functioning of this content analysis framework is illustrated through its application to Italian party manifestos issued between 1963 and 2013. Their analysis provides an overview of the substantive research questions that can be addressed with this coding scheme. This article also illustrates the potential of the instrument, which can be extended to policy dimensions other than the territorial one.     

秦“以吏为师、以法为教”的渊源与流变

"以吏为师、以法为教"是商鞅在总结六国变法的历史实践和学者制度设计的基础上推行的治国方针,并非秦制独然,秦始皇"焚书"又把这个传统推向极端。汉代继续了秦"以吏为师、以法为教"的政治传统,张家山汉简《史律》更丰富了对这一传统的认识。二者的差异在于,汉朝的教育是官、私并举,儒法互通,从而奠定了中国政治传统的教育和思想的基石。     

环境警察权的构成要素

在环境警察权的宏观结构中,权力主体、权力内容及其运行规则是主要的构成要素.环境警察权的权力主体是环境警察机关及其所属的环境警察,其机构设置及人员素质会对环境警察权的实际运行产生较大影响.环境警察权的权力内容不宜过多,应仅限于环境执法,主要包括环境刑事执法权、环境行政执法权和环境监督管理权.而环境警察权的行使则必须遵循法定性原则、有限性原则、公益性原则、程序性原则和责任性原则.     

QUESTIONING SEQUENCES IN CANADIAN POLICE INTERVIEWS: CONSTRUCTING AND CONFIRMING THE COURSE OF EVENTS?

A content analysis of 19 Canadian police interviews with adult witnesses revealed that several of the interviewing strategies used by officers ran counter to the recommendations in the literature. Specifically, interviewers interrupted the witness more than was necessary, rarely employed any cognitive techniques to enhance memory recall and asked far more closed than open-ended questions. Further, in terms of the sequencing of questions, a pattern emerged across interviews that suggested that officers first “help” the witness construct the event and then, through a rapid sequence of “yes/no” questions, seek to confirm the account. We argue that this pattern of questioning may suggest that officers are pursuing an assumed version of events and that exploring interviews from a sequencing perspective may prove beneficial in identifying possible biased versions of events.     

An academic perspective on the copyright reform

The recently proposed new Copyright Directive was released on 14 September 2016. It has been described by EU law-makers as the pillar of the copyright package promised by the European Commission (EC), to be delivered before the end of Mr. Juncker's mandate. In its Communication of 6 May 2015, the EC had stressed “the importance to enhance cross-border access to copyright-protected content services, facilitate new uses in the fields of research and education, and clarify the role of online services in the distribution of works and other subject-matter.” The proposed Copyright Directive is thus a key measure aiming to address two of these three issues. However it is not without shortfalls.We have therefore decided to publicly express our concerns and send an open letter to the European Commission, the European Parliament and the Council to urge them to re-assess the new provisions dealing with mandatory filtering of user-generated content in the light of the CJEU case law and the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union.In a more extended statement, we examine in details the text of both the explanatory memorandum and the Directive itself.Our conclusions are:1. A comprehensive re-assessment of Article 13 and Recital 39 in the light of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and the E-commerce Directive (in particular Article 15) including CJEU case law is needed, as the proposed Copyright Directive does not expressly address the issue of its compatibility with both of these texts.2. Recital 38 does not clarify the domain and effect of Article 13. Rather, it creates confusion as it goes against settled CJEU case law (relating to Articles 14 and 15 of the E-commerce Directive and Article 3 of the Infosoc Directive). Recital 38 should therefore be deleted or substantially re-drafted/re-phrased. If the EU wants to introduce a change in this regard it should clearly justify its choice. In any case, a recital in the preamble to a directive is not an appropriate tool to achieve this effect.We hope that this exercise will prove useful for the debate that has now begun both in the European Parliament and in the Council.     

Legal and ethical issues in knowledge management in Malaysia

In this era of k-economy, knowledge management is becoming crucial to take stock of the influx of knowledge available on the Internet as well as consolidating knowledge generated within an organization. This paper explores the legal and ethical ramifications of all the various processes of knowledge management from capturing, creation, sharing and dissemination of knowledge within an organization in Malaysia.     

Online Participation Chaos: A Case Study of Chinese Government-Initiated E-Polity Square

The research examines a government-initiated online engagement program in China, mainly including its history, mechanism, and how netizens participated in it. To clearly address the participation scenario, a framework is proposed to further explore the quality of participation. The result shows that participation chaos is prevalent with poor-quality proposals. A government censorship exists all the time and changes with the popularity of the forum. It also implies that the purpose of a Chinese government-initiated online engagement forum may be varied, one for engagement and the other for maintaining stability, which partly attributes to the online participation chaos.