The effect of board size and composition on European bank performance

Banks are “special” financial institutions generating distinct corporate governance challenges. The present paper examines the relationship between two of the most pertinent corporate governance factors—that is, the size of the Board of Directors and the proportion of non-executive directors—and firm performance on a sample of 58 large European banks over the period 2002–2004. The empirical analysis embraces a number of bank-specific variables. Our results reveal that bank profitability is negatively related to the size of the Board of Directors, while the impact of Board composition, although positive in all models, is, in most cases, insignificant. The results are robust after controlling for firm-specific variables.      

价值哲学视野中的现代犯罪问题

现代性和全球化的发展使文化差异日益显耀,并导致了范围扩大和意蕴深刻的文化冲突,以至于进一步恶化了价值迷乱,一系列观念性的因素渗透到了个体和群体行为的背景中,构成犯罪的隐含动因。这种随着现代性和全球化而发展的现代犯罪及其文化因素,对传统的犯罪学构成了新的挑战,从而提出在文化冲突境域中,重构价值哲学的必要性。     

论公共行政范式的转换与公平效率观的演进

公共行政学自产生以来,经历了传统公共行政范式、新公共行政范式与新公共管理范式相互分立、新公共行政范式与新公共管理范式相互融合三个阶段,呈现出“合——分——合”的态势。而公平效率观也相应地从单纯的效率至上,分裂为新公共行政学派的从公平角度出发寻求公平效率的统一和新公共管理的从效率角度出发寻求公平效率的统一,而最终两种分裂的公平效率观又在新的实践和理论上相互借鉴和整合,走向融合和统一。     

浅谈监狱警察职业化建设

监狱警察职业化是维护监狱安全稳定、提高行刑效率和改造质量、实现司法公正的基本保障,也是建设社会主义法治国家的内在要求。文章就监狱警察职业特质培养的基本内容、主要途径,职业化建设的法制保障作了具体分析。     

论苏区精神

苏区精神是由毛泽东、周恩来、朱德、方志敏等领导培育形成的一种伟大革命精神。其内涵博大精深,归纳起来就是"坚定信念,求真务实,执政为民,艰苦奉献,廉洁奉公,争创第一"。其中最具中央苏区原创特色的是"求真务实、执政为民、廉洁自律、争创第一"。它是中国革命精神史上的一座不朽丰碑,是中华民族优良传统的重要组成部分,是井冈山精神在苏区时期的深化和发展,是长征精神、延安精神的先河和源泉,在中国革命精神链条中是不可或缺的重要一环。大力弘扬苏区精神,具有重要的现实意义和深远的历史意义。     

民事执行的检察监督

要实现司法改革的目标,人民法院和人民检察院的司法改革应当齐头并进。目前,人民检察院的民事行政监督工作有很多困难,对民事执行工作的监督还没有开展,文章分析了其中原因,以中外检察制度的本质区别为突破口,论证了加强民事执行监督的必要性和法理依据,并对监督的范围和方式等具体问题阐明了作者的观点。     

犯罪国际化的动因及特点

全球化背景下世界的开放性为犯罪的国际化提供了方便，各国法律、政策的差异性刺激了犯罪的国际化，现代技术的广泛应用为犯罪的国际化提供了技术支持．全球化引起的“失范状态”加剧了犯罪国际化的倾向。全球化形势下犯罪国际化是以计算机网络信息技术为其主要手段、以有组织犯罪为其主要形态、以毒品犯罪和洗钱犯罪为其典型犯罪类型并以黑社会性质的犯罪为其主要发展趋势的。     

WHERE IS THE VILLAGE GOING? MAINTAINING AND INCLUDING CULTURAL STRENGTHS TO PROTECT CHILDREN ORPHANED IN KENYA

This article is the result of a master's thesis about children and their universal right to be included in a family environment. This is not only protected under international law, but also intuitive to human beings. HIV‐AIDS continues to threaten lives of children, particularly in sub‐Saharan Africa in the form of orphaning. Looking at a case study from Kenya, it is revealed that, while legal protection is yet to be fully realized in the state, strong cultural norms of value are alive. Currently, the extended family system is the greatest protection to children orphaned or at risk of being orphaned. However, this system was made invisible in the domestic laws of Kenya under the Children Act 2001. This neglect calls for questions not only regarding the protection cultural norms may offer, according to the best interests of children, but also as to the cultural environment being created with the new law.     

To block or not to block: European approaches to content regulation,and implications for freedom of expression

Based on the limited effectiveness of state laws, and lack of harmonization at international level a number of states started to introduce policies to block access to Internet content and websites deemed illegal which are situated outside their legal jurisdiction. However, blocking policies are not always subject to due process principles, decisions are not necessarily taken by the courts of law, and often administrative bodies or Internet hotlines run by the private sector decide which content or website should be subject to blocking. Therefore, increasingly, the compatibility of blocking action is questioned with regards to the fundamental right of freedom of expression. This article assesses significant developments at the pan-European level with regards to the development, and implementation of Internet content blocking policies. Adaptation of content blocking policies from certain member states of both the European Union and the Council of Europe will be used to assess the nature and implementation of access blocking policies. It will be argued that there could be a breach of Article 10 of the European Convention on Human Rights if blocking measures or filtering tools are used at state level to silence politically motivated speech on the Internet.     

仔猪睾丸组织体外培养方法的建立

以30日龄仔猪睾丸组织块为培养对象,应用飞利普TECNAI10电子显微镜对培养前后的生精细胞类别进行了观察,对培养后的组织块进行生精细胞分化程度鉴定,建立了仔猪睾丸组织生精细胞爬片体外培养模型。培养前后电镜观察及HE染色结果显示,培养前细胞种类主要有2种:支持细胞和精原细胞,有少数几个初级精母细胞;培养第20 d的睾丸组织块HE染色观察到3个精子细胞,电镜观察到2个精子细胞。证实,在没有添加睾酮的情况下,此培养体系能够提供睾丸组织块生精细胞分化所需要的条件,使非精子细胞类生精细胞减数分裂为精子细胞。