“Personal information of privacy nature” under Chinese Civil Code

Chinese Civil Code separates the civil right to privacy and the civil interest of personal information through the proposal of the PIPN in Article 1034, which constructs a different model from both EU and US. Although this distinction is of great significance, it brings potential problems, too. The PIPN is a kind of personal information which is unwilling to be known to others with privacy nature, which can be defined through a method of combining basic definition plus enumerations. It is recommended to consider the context and purpose of processing personal information when deciding the PIPN, and the level of privateness, availability, risk and identifiability will be considered to the privacy test. Based on Chinese reality, ID number, biometric information, financial information should be list as the typical kinds of the PIPN in the future legislation.     

《道路交通安全法》中"交通事故"定义评析

关于道路交通事故的定义,《道路交通安全法》在《道路交通事故处理办法》的基础上作了修改.从法学和逻辑学的角度上分析,修改后的定义仍然存在着定义不准、概念不清等问题,影响到该法的准确实施.科学定义道路交通事故概念,首先要明确《道路交通安全法》的立法目的和法律特征,其次要明确道路交通事故概念构成的内在要件和外在要件,第三要遵从语词规则.     

论社会主义和谐社会构建中的民族平等权

源于民族的自然属性的民族平等权是民族群体的基本人权。现代和谐社会亦为法治社会,体现民族精神和社会正义理念民族平等权的落实意味着社会主义法治理念中的公平正义的实现。同时,在构建以法治为主要特征的社会主义和谐社会的过程中,应当以契合中国当下社会具体国情的方式,从宪政体制、执法观念和司法举措等几个方面进一步落实民族平等权。     

对我国建立被害人国家补偿制度的立法思考

犯罪被害人的权利救济是现代人权保护的一个重要问题。当被害人遭受犯罪行为侵害而又难以得到充分赔偿时,为保护被害人权利,彰显社会公平,应当由国家给予一定的物质补偿。结合我国国情并借鉴国外的经验,应尽快建立我国的被害人国家补偿制度。     

道路通行条件优化制度的建立

交通安全管理部门为履行好法律所规定的义务,必须将义务融会在道路通行条件安全隐患信息反馈、非交通性活动交通安全影响评价、道路交通安全管理设施优化、道路通行信息透明化四个制度之中,通过良好的运转机制,让履行义务成为一种日常的工作行为和规范化的工作过程,进而才能从优化道路通行条件这一层面提升道路交通安全管理的质量。     

从刑事赔偿与补偿角度论对刑事被害人的权利保护

在刑事诉讼中解决好对被害人的赔偿与补偿问题,可以有效地使被害人获得抚慰,有利于实现诉讼目的,维护社会安定。我国在刑事诉讼中对被害人的赔偿是按照刑事附带民事诉讼程序进行的,但如何通过该程序来保障被害人的赔偿权利,是一个值得进一步探究的问题。     

浅析当前扒窃案件的特点及反扒对策

在当前的各类刑事案件中,扒窃案件发案率越来越高,严重危害了公众的财产安全和社会治安秩序。因而,公安机关在当前的反扒窃工作中所要完成的任务是:深入分析各种扒窃案件的作案特点,认真查找反扒工作中存在的问题,积极研究打击扒窃犯罪的有效对策。     

Gender,Culture and the Law: Approaches to ‘Honour Crimes’ in the UK

This article examines the debate on whether to analyse ‘honour crimes’ as gender-based violence, or as cultural tradition, and the effects of either stance on protection from and prevention of these crimes. In particular, the article argues that the categorisation of honour-related violence as primarily cultural ignores its position within the wider spectrum of gender violence, and may result in a number of unfortunate side-effects, including lesser protection of the rights of women within minority communities, and the stigmatisation of those communities. At the same time it is problematic to completely dismiss any cultural aspects of violence against women, and a nuanced approach is required which carefully balances the benefits and detriments of taking cultural factors into account. The article examines the issues within the context of the legal response to cases involving honour-related violence, arguing that although the judiciary has in a number of cases inclined towards viewing ‘honour’ as primarily cultural rather than patriarchal, in some cases they have begun to take a more gender-based or ‘mature multiculturalism’ approach.

Political accountability,fiscal conditions and local government performance—cross‐sectional evidence from Indonesia

Why are some local governments more successful than others in managing resources and delivering services? And even more vitally, how can malfunctioning governments be reformed so that they perform their responsibilities more effectively? This article contributes to our understanding of theses overarching questions by exploring the interactions between political institutions and public sector performance in the context of decentralisation and local governance. It shows–both theoretically and empirically–that performance outcomes are determined by the extent to which people can hold their governments accountable through political institutions. The basic hypothesis underlying this research is that political accountability, either by encouraging sanctions upon non‐compliant public agents or simply by reducing the informational gap regarding government activities, will create forceful incentives for elected officials and civil servants to reduce opportunistic behaviour and improve performance. Using a cross‐sectional regression the hypothesis is empirically tested against evidence from newly empowered local governments in Indonesia. The empirical findings broadly support our hypotheses. Improved public services on the ground, both in terms of quantity and quality, require informed and well functioning decision‐making processes that allocate resources to priority areas that meet the demand of the broader community. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

我国死刑制度重刑化倾向及原因分析

我国 1 997刑法典仍存在重刑化倾向 ,表现在 :控制死刑适用未有重大突破 ,死刑罪种没有大幅度削减 ,绝对确定的死刑规定有增无减 ,死刑量刑幅度过大。我国刑法中死刑过多 ,与国际轻刑化趋势不相符合 ,不利于我国刑罚目的的实现 ,死刑不仅有较大的副作用还可能在刑事诉讼上造成难以弥补的损失。我国死刑居高不下的主观原因有封建重刑思想、传统价值观和刑罚观的影响 ,现阶段我国经济不发达、社会治安状况严峻和刑事立法体制的制约是其客观原因。