Human Identification by Oral Prosthesis Analysis with Probability Rates Higher than DNA Analysis

Several techniques are used to perform an appropriate and reliable human identification. Forensic dentistry has achieved great relevance over the past years. The aim of this article is to report the method used for the identification of a male body found in the colliquative stage of putrefaction. The identification of the victim was succeeded confronting the dental findings found in the corpse with the data present on dental records provided by his dentist. The major elements for the identity′s recognition were a metal core and a prosthetic crown that were being fabricated. These elements associated with the dental records were compelling for the elucidation of the case, and a positive body identification was achieved with high levels of probability. In the present case, cadaveric analysis of stomatognathic system structures achieved a probability value higher than DNA identification techniques, emphasizing the importance of forensic dentistry.     

Investigation into the merits of infrared imaging in the investigation of tattoos postmortem

Infrared imaging has a history of use in the forensic examination of artwork and documents and is investigated here for its wider use in the detection of tattoos on the human body postmortem. Infrared photographic and reflectographic techniques were tested on 18 living individuals, displaying a total of 30 tattoos. It was observed that neither age, sex, age of the tattoo, nor, most significantly, skin color affected the ability to image the tattoos using infrared imaging techniques. Second, a piglet carcass was tattooed and the impact of the decomposition process on the visibility of the tattoos assessed. Changes were recorded for 17 days and decomposition included partial mummification and skin discoloration. Crucially, the discoloration was recorded as greatly affecting the image quality using conventional photography, but was insignificant to the infrared recording of these tattoos. It was concluded that infrared reflectography was beneficial in the investigation into tattoos postmortem.     

交通伤后遗肾功能障碍的伤残评定

《道路交通事故受伤人员伤残评定》（GB18667-2002）有关交通伤致肾功能障碍的条款主要是针对一侧肾功能障碍,并将其分为轻度、中度、重度三个程度,以往常用的适用于肾功能评价的方法多已不适用。针对实践中出现的上述问题,结合临床放射性核素检测方法的进展,提出一侧肾功能障碍的程度可根据肾小球滤过率（GFR）的结果作如下分级：一侧肾功能轻度障碍（30 mL/min≤一侧肾脏GFR〈45 mL/min）,一侧肾功能中度障碍（10 mL/min≤一侧肾脏GFR〈30 mL/min）,一侧肾功能重度障碍（一侧肾脏GFR〈10mL/min）。     

反侦查概念的界定

反侦查是当前犯罪的一大特点,它严重误导了侦查方向,干扰了侦查思路,阻碍了侦查的诉讼进程和案件事实真相的查明。只有认识反侦查,侦查人员才能够准确、及时地识别反侦查,全面、正确地认识犯罪行为人,有的放矢地采取各种侦查措施。对反侦查研究的深化离不开对其概念的确认和界定,只有充分分析其构成要素,即反侦查的主体、客体、主观方面、客观方面,才能够对反侦查的本质有深刻把握,对反侦查的概念作一个较为准确的界定。