When benefitting a patient increases the risk for harm for third persons — The case of treating pedophilic Parkinsonian patients with deep brain stimulation

This paper investigates the question whether it is ethically justified to treat Parkinsonian patients with known or suspected pedophilia with deep brain stimulation — given increasing evidence that this treatment might cause impulse control disorders, disinhibition, and hypersexuality. This specific question is not as exotic as it looks at a first glance. First, the same issue is raised for all other types of sexual orientation or behavior which imply a high risk for harming other persons, e.g. sexual sadism. Second, there are also several (psychotropic) drugs as well as legal and illegal leisure drugs which bear severe risks for other persons. We show that Beauchamp and Childress' biomedical ethics fails to derive a veto against medical interventions which produce risks for third persons by making the patients dangerous to others. Therefore, our case discussion reveals a blind spot of the ethics of principles. Although the first intuition might be to forbid the application of deep brain stimulation to pedophilic patients, we argue against such a simple way out, since in some patients the reduction of dopaminergic drugs allowed by deep brain stimulation of the nucleus subthalamicus improves impulsive control disorders, including hypersexuality. Therefore, we propose a strategy consisting of three steps: (1) risk assessment, (2) shared decision-making, and (3) risk management and safeguards.     

Automated recovery of damaged audio files using deep neural networks

In this paper, we propose two methods to recover damaged audio files using deep neural networks. The presented audio file recovery methods differ from the conventional file carving-based recovery method because the former restore lost data, which are difficult to recover with the latter method. This research suggests that recovery tasks, which are essential yet very difficult or very time consuming, can be automated with the proposed recovery methods using deep neural networks. We apply feed-forward and Long Short Term Memory neural networks for the tasks. The experimental results show that deep neural networks can distinguish speech signals from non-speech signals, and can also identify the encoding methods of the audio files at the level of bits. This leads to successful recovery of the damaged audio files, which are otherwise difficult to recover using the conventional file-carving-based methods.     

论日本地下空间利用的基础法制

日本地下空间利用法律制度比较完备,并且制定了相关的法律。日本法律规定为了公共事业,在给予损失补偿后可以强制征收土地。该补偿金一般向土地所有权人支付,进行大深度地下公共使用时一般不需要补偿。共同沟和电线共同沟的建设保护了道路,改善了交通、环境和城市景观,促进了公共事业管道的维护和高效利用。     

深生态学的文化张力与人类价值

生态文化问题是一种跨学科的人类与自然的命运考辨,是从人类反思自然生态进而反思文化生态开始的.这种生态自然观使得西方人返身而诚开始研究生态文化、生态哲学、生态美学、生态艺术.深生态学是一种有深度的生态哲学,它是在思考人与世界关系或人类与非人类的深度关联中升华为"人类性"思考的生态智慧.我们必须冷静地思考人类的未来是否可以将东西文化中精神相通的要素整合起来,在真正的文化生态整体创新中,拿出巨大的心智和勇气着手解决人类共同面临的精神生态失衡问题.     

Thailand’s Deep State,Royal Power and the Constitutional Court (1997–2015)

ABSTRACT

This article challenges the network monarchy approach and advocates for the use of the concept of Deep State. The Deep State also has the monarchy as its keystone, but is far more institutionalised than the network monarchy accounts for. The institutionalised character of the anti-democratic alliance is best demonstrated by the recent use of courts to hamper the rise of electoral politics in a process called judicialisation of politics. This article uses exclusive material from the minutes of the 1997 and 2007 constitution-drafting assemblies to substantiate the claim that the Deep State used royalists’ attempts to make the Constitutional Court a surrogate king for purposes of its own self-interested hegemonic preservation.     

近期朝鲜经济发展变化及中韩的作用

朝鲜自2002年7月开始实行经济管理调整措施以来已经历了五个年头,此间在经济发展政策上虽然做过一些调整,但总体政策上却没有发生明显的变化。经济上出现了恢复性的好转,可是,短期内还很难从根本上改变经济困难局面。中韩两国均是朝鲜的近邻,目前都与朝鲜建立了较为密切的经济往来关系,为缓解朝鲜的经济困难给予了较多的支援,对朝鲜经济的恢复和发展发挥了积极的作用,而且今后的作用会愈来愈明显。     

深层咽肌神经刺激联合针刺治疗 脑卒中后吞咽障碍40例

目的 观察深层咽肌神经刺激联合针刺治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍的临床疗效。方法 采用随机数字表法将脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者分为观察组和对照组,每组40例。在吞咽康复训练的基础上,对照组采用针刺治疗,观察组采用针刺治疗和深层咽肌神经刺激治疗,疗程均为3周。3周后,采用洼田饮水试验、标准吞咽功能评价量表(standardized swallowing assessment, SSA)评价患者吞咽功能,采用吞咽相关生活质量量表(swallowing-related quality of life, SWAL-QOL)评价患者生活质量,采用改良Barthel指数(modified barthel index, MBI)评价患者的活动能力,测定血清白蛋白(albumin, ALB)、血红蛋白(hemoglobin, Hb)、血清前白蛋白(prealbumin, PAB)评价患者的营养状况,观察并比较两组患者的不良反应。结果 观察组吞咽困难疗效显著优于对照组(P＜0.05)。两组患者治疗后洼田饮水试验分级均较治疗前明显改善（P＜0.05）,观察组治疗后洼田饮水试验分级变化明显优于对照组（P＜0.05）。与治疗前比较,治疗后两组患者SSA评分均明显降低（P＜0.05）,且观察组SSA评分降低程度明显大于对照组(P＜0.05);两组患者SWAL-QOL、MBI评分均明显升高(P＜0.05),其中观察组患者MBI评分升高程度明显大于对照组(P＜0.05)。两组患者治疗后PAB、ALB、Hb水平显著升高（P＜0.05）;观察组治疗后ALB、Hb升高程度显著大于对照组（P＜0.05）。两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 深层咽肌神经刺激联合针刺可改善脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者吞咽障碍和营养状况,提高患者的生活质量。     

Model United Nations and Deep Learning: Theoretical and Professional Learning

This article demonstrates that the purposeful subject design, incorporating a Model United Nations (MUN), facilitated deep learning and professional skills attainment in the field of International Relations. Deep learning was promoted in subject design by linking learning objectives to Anderson and Krathwohl’s (2001 Anderson, Lorin W., and David R. Krathwohl (eds.). 2001. A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. New York: Longman. [Google Scholar]) four levels of knowledge or cognition: factual, conceptual, procedural, and metacognitive. Students demonstrated improvement in all four areas; however, this article focuses on outcomes in the conceptual and metacognitive realms as these were where students showed the most growth. In the conceptual realm, the subject aimed to increase students’ capacity to apply international relations theories. Students tended to utilize the traditional theories of realism and liberalism; however, their explanations and applications of these theories showed deep learning. In the metacognitive realm, students were able to analyze their own negotiation styles and to explain how it influenced their approach to the Model UN, thus demonstrating strong professional skills development and metacognitive growth. Learning was enhanced by the use of open access online subject materials and online communications. The subject was designed and run in a context where simulations in teaching politics and international relations are not common.     

白竭散对肛周脓肿术后创面愈合的疗效观察

目的 观察白竭散对肛周脓肿术后创面愈合的作用。方法 将60例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组30例。两组均采用痔瘘洗剂坐浴和复方黄柏液涂剂清洗创面,治疗组在此基础上采用白竭散外敷创面。比较两组临床症状(肛门疼痛、水肿程度、创面分泌物)评分、肉芽生长情况评分、创面愈合率、创面组织细胞(毛细血管数、成纤维细胞数、巨噬细胞比)及疗效。结果 术后3 d,两组创面指标(肛门疼痛、水肿程度、创面分泌物)评分及创面组织细胞(毛细血管数、成纤维细胞数、巨噬细胞比)比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后7、14 d,治疗组创面指标(肛门疼痛、水肿程度、创面分泌物)评分、创面组织细胞(毛细血管数、成纤维细胞数、巨噬细胞比)均显著大于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗组疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 白竭散促进肛周脓肿术后创面愈合效果显著,可缓解患者术后临床症状,促进术后肛门功能的恢复。     

公安信息化建设中信息深度应用探析 ——以浙江省富阳市为例

随着公安信息化建设的不断推进，信息应用已然成为公安信息化的核心，而开展信息的“深度应用”将成为信息化建设中的重要课题。从信息深度应用的背景、内涵以及实施现状出发，进一步探索信息深度应用的新方法，对公安实践具有重要的的指导意义。