集体建设用地使用权流转的必要性与可行性证成

虽然我国现行法近乎禁止地严格限制集体建设用地使用权的流转,但在现实生活中集体建设用地使用权流转却一直＂生生不息＂。这种现行制度与现实生活相对割裂的矛盾如何消解也成了理论界和实务界亟需解决的难题。集体建设用地使用权流转既具有必要性,亦具备可行性。同时,所有权平等原则要求集体土地和国有土地同地同权,自然集体建设用地使用权流转是实现集体建设用地和国有建设用地同地同权的合理路径;现行立法所采的原则禁止、个别允许的立法态度亦为集体建设用地使用权预留了流转空间;全国各地多部集体建设用地流转管理办法等规范性文件也在逐步为流转松绑。     

The Discourse of the Extreme Right and Its Ideological Implications: The Case of the Alleanza nazionale on Immigration

Against the background of research on Italian parliamentary debates on immigration, ter Wal looks at the ideological positions of the extreme-right Alleanza nazionale (AN) concerning both immigration and integration policy. In order to unravel the ideological implications she focuses on examples of various rhetorical strategies enacted in speeches by several of the party's MPs: including stategies of self- and other-presentation, and of justification and causal explanation. This analysis shows how the AN manages to propagate an ideology of ethnic nationalism that eschews the egalitarian norms and cultural pluralism necessary for full participation by migrants. The AN's transformation and re-interpretation of the meaning of the key values of equality andsolidarietàfunction as a justification for the restriction of migrants' rights. Speakers shift the perspective from immigrants' problems to the socio-economic problems of Italians in order to recommend a policy of 'the own people first'. While the AN's discourse thus continues to build on traditional extreme-right beliefs and claims, on the other hand it also espouses New Right ideologies of cultural relativism. Moreover, unlike that of radical-right parties, the AN's discourse does not express blatant forms of ethnic prejudice in the form of stereotypical beliefs and negative representations of immigrants' personal characteristics, nor does it blame immigrants, who are rather represented, and sympathized with, as victims. The moderation of and internal contradictions in its discourse makes the AN difficult     

论未来电影版权质押权的设定

一部文学作品在创作过程中需要投入巨大人力物力,其创作周期也是十分漫长,特别是商业电影,其经济效益体现在电影发行上映。因此,拍摄中的电影的价值是模糊的,不过是可期待的。当今社会,拍摄中的电影日益表现出一种期待利益,并成为融资的一项重要手段。     

Los cuidados de salud para los ancianos. Entre las limitaciones presupuestarias y el derecho a un mínimo existencial

The author contextualizes the effects of the realities of public finances on the (legislative) creation and judicial review of healthcare for the elderly. He establishes the relationship between economic factors and the conflicts arising out the claims and expectations of individuals, on the one hand, and the healthcare provided for by law, the public budget and administrative procedures. The author considers that the lack of financial resources and budgetary resources, while threatening to impose limitations on the judicial protection of such rights, is not necessarily an obstacle to the enforceability of healthcare rights, nor does it prevent the exercise of any other subjective rights created by law. Finally, the author points out the need for a better understanding of the expression an existential minimum (existenzminimum).     

多维度的选举权——基于霍菲尔德权利理论的一个分析

选举权包含多种法规范上的地位和关系，可看作一个有关选举的权利束。按照霍菲尔德的权利理论，可以从权力、自由、豁免和求四个维度来理解选举权。在权力维度上，选举权意味着对授权和代表关系的法律控制力，选民行使选举权的结果便是授权和代表关系的形成、变动和消灭。在自由维度上，选举权意味着个人有权自由地行使选举权力，不受国家、组织和他人的干涉。在豁免维度上，选举权意味着公民有不受约束的选举自由，国家没有不当干预选举自由的权力。求维度的选举权与其他维度的选举权紧密相连，它以选举权之权力、自由和豁免三素为主张对象，在一定意义上，其他维度的选举权只有与求维度的选举权结合起来，才能变得更有力、更具有可实现性。     

以功能最适当原则构建和完善中国上海自由贸易试验区制度

功能最适当是现代国家机关组织和活动的重要原则,它是指,国家机关设置、权力配置、国家机关的调整和改革、国家机关之间关系以及法律适用等,均要基于实现其功能考虑。根据这一原则,中国上海自由贸易试验区开展改革创新试点要有充分的立法支持;要按照该原则设置国家机关、配备专业人员、保持适当稳定;根据这一原则处理国家机关之间相互关系、解决法律适用中的冲突等。只有做好这些工作,自贸试验区的任务才有可能实现。     

违宪审查的启动机制--论违宪申诉权之建立健全

对违宪申诉权建立之历史沿革、违宪申诉权作为违宪审查启动机制之理论依据、违宪申诉权建立之法律依据以及违宪申诉权制度构建四方面进行探讨,指出当代中国违宪审查制度缺乏启动机制,赋予公民违宪申诉权以启动违宪审查是完善民主、法制的迫切需要,这在现行宪政体制下也较易可行。借鉴西方申诉权制度,我国应在法律上从实体和程序两方面构建并保障公民违宪申诉权之行使,以达到启动违宪审查之目的。     

论我国公益征用概念的内涵界定

征收与征用属于两种不同的制度,各有不同的概念内涵;财产权过度限制应给予补偿,且纳入征用制度为宜。公益征用包括三类:第一类指国家在平时暂时使用或占用公民、法人或其他组织的财产,为普通征用;第二类指国家在紧急状态下,临时征用或调用集体或公民财产的情况,为紧急征用;第三类主要指财产权过度限制,为管制征用。     

禁伐条件下的集体林改革——秦岭山区三村调查

南方集体林改革主要涉及到经济林和用材林,但是在生态林占主要成份的西北地区,要同时满足提高村民收入和保护生态环境双重目的,林权制度应如何改革还没有经验。基于在秦岭山区太白县和眉县的调查,我们发现,森林是多功能的,可以满足周围村民的多种需求;木材过量采伐主要是由不规范的市场所造成的,与林权的关系不大;林权制度改革必须做到透明和公平,尊重村民的习惯制度,满足村民的多种需求。