Does incarceration-based drug treatment reduce recidivism? A meta-analytic synthesis of the research

This research synthesized results from 66 published and unpublished evaluations of incarceration-based drug treatment programs using meta-analysis. Incarceration-based drug treatment programs fell into five types: therapeutic communities (TCs), residential substance abuse treatment (RSAT), group counseling, boot camps specifically for drug offenders, and narcotic maintenance programs. We examined the effectiveness of each of these types of interventions in reducing post-release offending and drug use, and we also examined whether differences in research findings can be explained by variations in methodology, sample, or program features. Our results consistently found support for the effectiveness of TC programs on both outcome measures, and this finding was robust to variations in method, sample, and program features. We also found support for the effectiveness of RSAT and group counseling programs in reducing re-offending, but these programs’ effects on drug use were ambiguous. A limited number of evaluations assessed narcotic maintenance or boot camp programs; however, the existing evaluations found mixed support for maintenance programs and no support for boot camps.     

The Relationship of Abuse to Women’s Health Status and Health Habits

The present study examined the relationship between exposure to abuse and women’s health status and health behaviors in a sample of rural women. One hundred forty-eight women visiting a community health care center completed survey packets that included measures that assessed: exposure to abuse, impairment associated with exposure to abuse, physical and mental health problems, health behaviors, and the extent of health care usage. Results indicated that exposure to abuse was positively and significantly related to the adoption of a negative psychological perspective, which in turn was negatively correlated with physical and mental health, as well as with the practice of healthy behaviors. Results also showed that women exposed to abuse engage in less healthy behaviors and utilize more health care resources than do women with no such exposure. Implications for improving the assessment and treatment of abuse in health care settings are discussed. This article is based on a thesis completed by the first author with the same title as this report.     

混合型监管：政策工具视野下的中国药品安全监管

在当代中国,社会性监管正在被越来越多地运用到公共卫生、生产安全和环境保护等公共治理过程.以药品安全监管为个案,结合西方社会性监管的有关理论,从建章立制、设立标准、建立奖惩机制以及优化执行系统四个政策工具角度,对当代中国药品安全监管的政策过程进行分析,结果表明,由于受到社会治理模式转型的影响,中国药品安全监管模式可以被界定为"混合型监管".一方面,中国的药品安全监管政策在形式上已经具有了一些现代监管型政府的特点,例如建章立制、设立标准,并综合运用经济、法律和行政等手段;另一方面,却在许多方面仍然带有许多前监管型政府特征,而这些特征大都是计划经济时代的产物.虽然监管型政府正在逐渐取代全能型政府而成为未来中国政府可能的治理模式,但是从政策分析的角度来看,监管型政府的建设在中国并不是一蹴而就的.建设一个高效的现代监管型政府,仍然是市场经济时代下中国国家政权建设过程中的重要目标.     

“金三角“地区毒品形势系列调查报告(一)——临沧、德宏境外毒品对我渗透形势的调查

开展对“金三角”地区毒品新形势的调查研究是我国特别是我省调整禁毒策略和措施的重要基础工作。本文仅就“金三角”地区毒品对我渗透形势新变化的战略意义和临沧与德宏境外种毒、制毒以及贩毒势力对我渗透形势新变化的调查结果这两个问题分析阐述。     

娱乐场所毒品犯罪的侦查方略

娱乐场所以其人员的流动性、环境的复杂性成为新的毒品犯罪相对集中的地方。应采取灵活多变的侦查方式,加强对该场所毒品犯罪的查缉力度。     

消化道藏毒的检验与鉴定3例

贩毒人员利用消化道藏毒,毒品极易在消化道内破裂,导致贩运毒品的人死亡。对于从边境地区进入内地、在长途卧铺车、旅社、宾馆等地死亡,且尸表无明显机械性损伤的人员,应特别注意,这些人极有可能是人体藏毒群体。     

贩卖毒品罪的本质

贩卖毒品罪的本质可以从形式层面揭示,也可以从实质层面剖析。我国刑法一般从形式上界定,而德日刑法则通常从实质上分析。关于贩卖毒品罪的本质,德国理论界有两种主要的学说。一是以法益一元论为基础的贩卖毒品罪本质观,二是以法益二元论为基础的贩卖毒品罪本质观。前者侧重于刑罚权的限制和人权的尊重,后者则重视社会秩序的维持。借鉴国外理论,我国刑法中贩卖毒品罪的本质应该界定为对于不特定多数人生命、健康的危险,即对人民健康的侵害,该危险是一种抽象危险。     

两种方法测定山豆根总碱含量的研究

目的：比较山豆根总碱两种含量测定方法，为山豆根提取工艺优选提供。方法：采用容量法和酸性染料比色法。结果：两种方法结果基本一致。结论：可任选一种方法进行山豆根提取工艺研究。     

面向21世纪禁毒专业课程设置构想

云南公安高等专科学校作为一所专门为云南公安战线培养高级应用人才的高等警察院校 ,根据禁毒斗争需要 ,学校于 1997年全国首次设立禁毒专业 ,2 0 0 2年又成立了世界上第一个禁毒系。在对禁毒实战部门所需人才、知识和能力结构调查 ,以及综合考虑各种相关要求和因素的基础上 ,对禁毒专业课程设置进行了研究 ,旨在提供科学及合理的课程设置。     

陆良县农场式戒毒创新路

抓好禁吸戒毒工作是一件事关维护社会政治稳定和治安稳定的大事 ,是维护老百姓的利益工程。陆良县的劳动康复戒毒———农场式戒毒取得了良好的社会效果 ,其从戒毒所封闭式的戒毒管理发展到半开放型农场式的戒毒形式 ,变外循环为内循环。使戒毒人员思想稳定 ,身体康复 ,集体荣誉感增强 ,生活经费得到保障 ,真正达到劳动康复、以劳补所的目的。