社区戒毒和社区康复中防艾研究——以广州市为例

吸毒与艾滋病传播具有非常密切的联系,在社区戒毒和社区康复中推行艾滋病防治工作具有重要意义。2008年我国禁毒法的颁布施行,确立了社区戒毒和社区康复这一崭新的戒毒模式。要完善防艾机制,可以从广泛推进反歧视运动、加强对吸毒和艾滋病人群的关怀与支持等方面入手。广州市在近年来逐渐形成了一套较为成熟的社区戒毒工作中的防艾机制。     

Children and young people accused of child sexual abuse: A study within a community

This paper reports on a study of 227 children and young people, all living in a West Midlands city in the UK, who between November 1993 and December 1999 were accused of having sexually abused a child. The study had two main objectives: first to examine the alleged behaviours, family backgrounds and personal characteristics of the young people; and second to discover what factors, if any, may be associated with recidivism later in adulthood. It is still too early to draw firm conclusions regarding recidivism, because half of the sample has not yet reached adulthood. However, preliminary findings contradict the notion that many young people who display sexually abusive behaviour will grow into adult sex offenders.     

缅甸禁毒执法现状及国际合作(编译)

缅甸政府坚信最大限度的打击和根除毒品是本民族的责任。政府为降低毒品威胁,加大执法力度,减少毒品产量。同时也充分认识到在打击和根除毒品这一问题上,单靠一个国家的力量是有限的,必须加强和国际社会的合作,尤其是与周边邻国的合作。     

云南省青少年新型合成毒品滥用问题研究——以云南省大理白族自治州古城娱乐场所个案为例

文章以云南省大理市古城地区娱乐场所一青少年沾染毒品,最终成为新型合成毒品滥用者为个案,分析研究当下云南省青少年新型合成毒品滥用问题。     

美国联邦禁毒执法机构的演变及其影响力探析——从“联邦麻醉品局”到“联邦缉毒署”

美国毒品控制史可主要分为＂古典时期（Classic Era）＂与＂毒品战争（War on Drugs）＂时期①。＂联邦麻醉品局＂与＂联邦缉毒署＂则是这两个不同毒品控制时代的代表性执法机构,二者既有历史的连带性,又富有特殊的时代特色。不同时期的法理依据及其所处时代的美国内政外交因素在不同程度上左右了二者的地位与影响力变化。联邦禁毒执法机构的历史性演变,一方面显示了美国毒品控制的曲折进程,另一方面也展现了不同时期执法机构存在的必然性以及各自的能动作用。     

Software interoperability, intellectual property and competition law — Compulsory licenses for abuse of market dominance

Innovation is a shared purpose of both intellectual property (IP) and competition law. However, sometimes competition law conflicts with the interests of IP holders. This paper searches for an adequate criterion of practical concordance, which consists of evaluating, in the concrete situation, which of those regulations best performs the purpose of promoting innovation. It is considered that requirements of competition law shape IP regulations, but the internal limits of protection therein identified are not enough to safeguard concerns of competition law. In particular, European courts held that, in exceptional circumstances, IP holders with market dominant position can be compelled to grant licenses of IP protected goods, such as copyrighted information and software. Such lifting of the IP exclusion power finds its rationale in preserving competition and promoting innovation, which is particularly sensitive within the dynamic software market.     

价格歧视行为的反垄断法分析

支配企业从事价格歧视如果产生了排斥竞争的效果,可能会构成反垄断法上所禁止的滥用行为。在进行反垄断审查时,首先须依据价格歧视的构成要件对行为进行定性,然后须进行复杂的经济分析来对该行为的竞争损害与其可能产生的效率进行权衡,从而判明是否应予禁止,并在这一原则指导下,针对各种具体歧视方式形成更具操作性的判断标准。这些研究是有效实施我国《反垄断法》第17条（6）所必需的理论基础。     

The mental health needs of incarcerated youth in British Columbia, Canada

The purpose of the study was to identify the current prevalence of mental disorders and mental health needs among incarcerated male and female youths in Canada, and to present these data in the context of rates found in other jurisdictions. One hundred forty male and 65 female incarcerated young offenders in British Columbia were screened with the Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument Version 2 (MAYSI-2); provisional psychiatric diagnoses were assessed with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV (DISC-IV); abuse history and aggressive symptoms of Conduct Disorder (CD) were coded from file information. Nearly all youths (91.9% of males and 100% of females) met the criteria for at least one mental disorder. Substance abuse and dependence disorders were highly prevalent (85.5% of males and 100% of females). Aggressive forms of CD were common (72.9% of males and 84.3% of females), as were exposure to physical abuse (60.8% of males and 54.3% of females) and sexual abuse (21.2% of males and 42.4% of females). Female youths had significantly higher odds of presenting with: (1) substance abuse/dependence disorders; (2) current suicide ideation; (3) sexual abuse; (4) PTSD; (5) symptoms of depression and anxiety; (6) Oppositional Defiant Disorder; and (7) multiple mental disorder diagnoses. Male youths had significantly higher odds of presenting with aggressive symptoms of CD. Overall, rates of mental disorder among this sample of serious and violent young offenders were higher than rates previously reported for incarcerated youths — both in Canada and in other jurisdictions.     

A quantitative differentiation method for plastic bags by wide angle X-ray diffraction for tracing the source of illegal drugs

Thirty-three shopping bags, commonly encountered in the packaging of drug doses, were characterized by wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). Using this single technique, without sample preparation, nearly all the considered samples could be differentiated, achieving a discriminating power of 0.992. The rather large degree of variability existing in grocery bags, even though they are mass produced, was shown, confirming that these items can be useful in tracing the source of illicit drug doses.     

如何完善我国制毒犯罪现场勘查工作

如何提高制毒现场的勘查工作,国内外学者对此作了深入细致的研究。对于制毒现场的勘查工作而言,应当由接受过相关的化学技能培训的专业人员进行指导。完善现场制毒现场勘查工作,需要从现场勘查主体培养、勘查规则建设、设备配备等方面进行。尽快制定一个专门针对制毒案件现场勘查的规则或刑事案件现场勘查程序和规范的补充规定。