论佛教道德及其现实意义

佛教本身是一种出世的宗教,以追求生死解脱为核心,却有着浓厚的入世精神和人文关怀.但是今天佛教面临着现代社会的诸多挑战,我们不得不承认佛教的命运决定于对社会的关怀,佛教的价值决定于对21世纪人类社会的作用。在构建社会主义和谐社会的进程中,如何发挥佛教的作用,也决定着中国佛教的未来发展走向。     

被保险人死亡时保险金分配问题研究

在被保险人死亡情形下分配保险金时,如果有受益人,保险金归其受领;如果没有受益人,保险金应作为《中华人民共和国保险法》上的特别财产,按照《中华人民共和国继承法》的规定并结合被保险人的意愿,在其继承人、遗赠人或遗赠扶养协议人之间进行分配。     

用ISO9002标准构建高校图书馆质量管理体系

高校图书馆实施ISO9002标准的主要程序是确定总体目标或质量方针,确定图书馆的组织结构,编制质量手册和程序文件,质量体系的运行与检控,申请完成体系认证。     

知识产权与标准的交织

知识产权与标准全方位交织,即标准本体与著作权的交织、标准内容与专利权的交织、标准执行与商标权的交织。知识产权竞争策略的需要、标准对先进性与技术性的追求、标准本体需要受知识产权的保护以及标准执行需要监督的要求产生了知识产权与标准交织。知识产权与标准的交织引发了两者间的紧张关系,标准与著作权的交织产生了纳入法律的标准著作权与可获得性的紧张关系,标准与专利权的交织导致了标准必要专利权人滥用专利权的问题,标准与商标权的交织暴露了我国认证认可制度的法律供应不足的问题。     

著作权转换性使用的本土路径重塑

著作权转换性使用作为判定新型合理使用行为的一个重要因素,有着重要的理论价值和实践意义。然而,在我国转换性使用的司法实践中,却存在着对转换性使用体系认知不足、释法路径不当,以及运作体系不畅的现实困境。从本质上而言,转换性使用蕴含着促进公共利益的直接价值取向,但其并不具有独立判定合理使用成立与否的规则效力。基于此,为了更好地发挥转换性使用的内在价值和功能,一方面需要确立开放式合理使用的一般规则,进一步规范转换性使用的司法判定,以增强合理使用分析的灵活性和可操作性;另一方面,需要明确转换性合理使用的法定情形,以提升合理使用分析的确定性和周延性。     

Robots,standards and the law: Rivalries between private standards and public policymaking for robot governance

This article explains the complex intertwinement between public and private regulators in the case of robot technology. Public policymaking ensures broad multi-stakeholder protected scope, but its abstractness often fails in intelligibility and applicability. Private standards, on the contrary, are more concrete and applicable, but most of the times they are voluntary and reflect industry interests. The ‘better regulation’ approach of the EU may increase the use of evidence to inform policy and lawmaking, and the involvement of different stakeholders. Current hard-lawmaking instruments do not appear to take advantage of the knowledge produced by standard-based regulations, virtually wasting their potential benefits. This fact affects the legal certainty with regards to a fast-paced changing environment like robotics. In this paper, we investigate the challenges of overlapping public/private regulatory initiatives that govern robot technologies in general, and in the concrete of healthcare robot technologies. We wonder until what extent robotics should be governed only by standards. We also reflect on how public policymaking could increase their technical understanding of robot technology to devise an applicable and comprehensive framework for this technology. In this respect, we propose different ways to integrate the technical know-how into policymaking (e.g., collecting the data/knowledge generated from the impact assessments in shared data repositories, and using it for evidence-based policies) and to strengthen the legitimacy of standards.     

China's stance on the Google/Motorola merger: Implications for competition in intellectual property-intensive sectors

China's merger enforcement agency approved the Google/Motorola merger with conditions. This pattern of approval is not in full accordance with that in other jurisdictions, including the United States and the European Union, which made unconditional approvals. This contradiction attracted ample criticism; some critics believe that China's policy is designed to protect domestic industry. In investigating the Chinese merger agency's decision and the basis for its decision making, this article finds that much of the criticism is groundless and misleading because the critics have failed to incorporate all elements of the global value chain of mobile intelligent terminals into their analyses. The investigation also shows that, although the decision makers are less experienced, their decisions are based on Chinese competition law and market realities. It is important for international firms to be aware of this pattern in merger analysis.     

党政领导干部问责制的调查与分析

据2010年4月向B市中青干部培训班学员的问卷调查,大部分学员对B市实施问责制情况的评价不高,但对近年来全国性"问责风暴"的认同度要高得多,官员们的法治意识有所增强,但对问责制的学习和宣传还要加强。为进一步构建有效的问责制度,应明确问责决定机关,加强人大在问责中的作用,充分发挥司法机关、新闻媒体、人民群众的监督作用,还应明确问责对象、拓宽问责内容、统一问责标准。为优化问责制运行环境,还应建立有效权力监督机制,实现权力无缝隙配置。     

域外医疗损害之举证责任分配比较与我国的策略

举证责任,是民事诉讼的核心问题,它直接规划着民事诉讼的构造形态,在民事诉讼中有着举足轻重的地位。而举证责任的分配,又是举证责任制度的核心,也是理论研究最有争议的问题。大陆法系与英美法系在举证责任和举证责任分配上各有特点,美国、德国、日本和我国台湾地区医疗损害的举证责任分配规则也各有千秋,作者建议,我国现阶段医疗损害举证责任分配的规则应当进行相应改造。     

The suitability of visual taphonomic methods for digital photographs: An experimental approach with pig carcasses in a tropical climate

In the context of increased scrutiny of the methods in forensic sciences, it is essential to ensure that the approaches used in forensic taphonomy to measure decomposition and estimate the postmortem interval are underpinned by robust evidence-based data. Digital photographs are an important source of documentation in forensic taphonomic investigations but the suitability of the current approaches for photographs, rather than real-time remains, is poorly studied which can undermine accurate forensic conclusions. The present study aimed to investigate the suitability of 2D colour digital photographs for evaluating decomposition of exposed human analogues (Sus scrofa domesticus) in a tropical savanna environment (Hawaii), using two published scoring methods; Megyesi et al., 2005 and Keough et al., 2017. It was found that there were significant differences between the real-time and photograph decomposition scores when the Megyesi et al. method was used. However, the Keough et al. method applied to photographs reflected real-time decomposition more closely and thus appears more suitable to evaluate pig decomposition from 2D photographs. The findings indicate that the type of scoring method used has a significant impact on the ability to accurately evaluate the decomposition of exposed pig carcasses from photographs. It was further identified that photographic taphonomic analysis can reach high inter-observer reproducibility. These novel findings are of significant importance for the forensic sciences as they highlight the potential for high quality photograph coverage to provide useful complementary information for the forensic taphonomic investigation. New recommendations to develop robust transparent approaches adapted to photographs in forensic taphonomy are suggested based on these findings.