试论中央革命根据地的历史地位和作用

土地革命战争时期，在党创建的各个革命根据地中，中央革命根据地最具有代表性，发挥着最重要的作用。主要表现为：对中华苏维埃共和国的建立和发展、对中共中央的历练并走向成熟、对探索和开辟中国特色的革命道路、对毛泽东思想的初步形成、对党学会治国安民艺术和战争艺术、对保存党在南方的战略支点、对形成党的优良传统和作风均起了最重要的作用。新的历史时期，加强中央革命根据地历史地位和作用的研究，对于弘扬革命传统、缅怀革命先烈，发挥党史以史鉴今、资政育人作用具有重要意义。     

中华革命党时期孙中山党魁独断制的再认识

对于中华革命党时期孙中山推行的党魁独断制,学术界基本持否定态度。本文在分析和研究了当时国民党现状和国内政治局势的基础上,对孙中山这一政治抉择给予了历史性的肯定,认为这是孙中山在民主革命事业处于极端困难时期的一种政治尝试,是一种权宜之计,其措施符合国民党的特殊党情和当时中国的具体国情。那种脱离二次革命前后复杂严酷的政治形势,单纯以现代政党政治的运作模式来解读这一政治尝试的做法,是不够恰当的。     

中国共产党开辟农村革命根据地的伟大创举

湘赣边界秋收起义和井冈山革命根据地的创建，是中国共产党独立领导中国革命和创建人民军队、开辟农村革命根据地的伟大创举。在斗争实践中，以毛泽东为代表的老一辈无产阶级革命家坚持马克思主义普遍原理同中国革命实践相结合，创造性地解决了中国革命和革命战争的一系列根本问题，对中国人民的解放事业做出了巨大贡献。     

我国老区扶持政策及其调整方向

建国以来,中央历来十分关注老区建设,先后制定实施了一系列扶持政策,有力地促进了老区发展,但要缩小老区与发达地区的差距,促进老区经济社会全面繁荣,现有政策的扶持力度还远远不够。当前,中央扶持老区发展政策还存在着欠缺规范性和监督、扶持对象和标准不明确、目标缺乏约束性等问题。为此,本文从政策体系规范化、扶持对象差别化、政策机制长效化几个方面指出老区扶持政策的基本导向,并提出若干有针对性的政策建议,为今后完善老区扶持政策提供有益借鉴。     

太行革命根据地“三三制”政权建设研究

邓小平不仅为"三三制"政权建设增添了理论光辉,而且是"三三制"政权建设的主要实践者。以邓小平常驻的太行革命根据地为基础,展开对"三三制"政权建设的研究。首先初步了解"三三制"的提出和原因,然后结合太行革命根据地情况,分析"三三制"政权建设方法:成立晋冀鲁豫边区政府;统一认识,加强工作;稳步推进,深入人心;实事求是,认真执行;最后概括"三三制"落实情况:起到了巩固政权的目的,发现了建设中的问题,提出了政权建设的启示。     

Legitimation of the Lao People’s Revolutionary Party: Socialism,Chintanakan Mai (New Thinking) and Reform

ABSTRACT

To date, scholars of authoritarianism have paid much attention to the use of democratic institutions in dictatorships to mitigate threats from both internal and external ruling elites, to co-opt and divide opposition and to solve commitment problems among the ruling elite. However, there have been no in-depth studies of legitimacy in an authoritarian regime. In communist states, opposition and dissent are addressed not through co-optation but exclusion. By contrast, communist parties attach great value for their survival to obtaining legitimacy from the masses. This article argues that the Lao People’s Revolutionary Party (LPRP) has endeavoured to acquire legitimacy since the foundation of the regime through a dialogical configuration of economic reform and socialist ideology. Economic reform and ideological legitimisation always go together, interacting with each other: economic reform requires ideological modification, and ideology defines the framework of reform. In Laos, this paradoxical configuration is necessary for the LPRP to maintain legitimacy while concurrently pursuing an ideal of socialism and reality of economic reform. In making this argument, this article reassesses the nature and significance of chintanakan mai (new thinking), which was not a formal reform policy, as often assumed, but a temporary slogan for promoting economic reforms.     

山西抗日根据地广泛实施民主政治述略

抗日战争时期,山西抗日根据地进行了各项卓有成效的建设,普遍推行了民选制度,实施了“三三制”政策,建立和健全了各级民意机关和行政机关,巩固并加强了各抗日阶层的团结与合作,从而为坚持敌后抗战和夺取抗战最后胜利打下了稳固的基础。     

论侦查阶段律师法律帮助权的扩大化

赋予犯罪嫌疑人以律师帮助权是出于“平等对抗”的法律考虑。司法实践中,犯罪嫌疑人不能完全地得到律师的法律帮助,同时辩护律师享有的帮助权流于形式,表现在受帮助的主体、时段有限、律师的权限受限、与国际刑事辩护司法准则不相一致。原因主要在于现行立法限制性规定过多,同时缺乏相应的制度支撑。为此,有必要扩大立法,进行相关制度的建设;对辩护律师的角色重新定位,明确侦查机关的“迅速告知”义务,赋予辩护律师讯问到场权、会见权、全面阅卷权,并完善调查取证权。     

Predicting Sex Offender Recidivism. I. Correcting for Item Overselection and Accuracy Overestimation in Scale Development. II. Sampling Error-Induced Attenuation of Predictive Validity Over Base Rate Information

The authors demonstrate a statistical bootstrapping method for obtaining unbiased item selection and predictive validity estimates from a scale development sample, using data (N = 256) of Epperson et al. [2003 Minnesota Sex Offender Screening Tool-Revised (MnSOST-R) technical paper: Development, validation, and recommended risk level cut scores. Retrieved November 18, 2006 from Iowa State University Department of Psychology web site: http://www.psychology.iastate.edu/ approximately dle/mnsost_download.htm] from which the Minnesota Sex Offender Screening Tool-Revised (MnSOST-R) was developed. Validity (area under receiver operating characteristic curve) reported by Epperson et al. was .77 with 16 items selected. The present analysis yielded an asymptotically unbiased estimator AUC = .58. The present article also focused on the degree to which sampling error renders estimated cutting scores (appropriate to local [varying] recidivism base rates) nonoptimal, so that the long-run performance (measured by correct fraction, the total proportion of correct classifications) of these estimated cutting scores is poor, when they are applied to their parent populations (having assumed values for AUC and recidivism rate). This was investigated by Monte Carlo simulation over a range of AUC and recidivism rate values. Results indicate that, except for the AUC values higher than have ever been cross-validated, in combination with recidivism base rates severalfold higher than the literature average [Hanson and Morton-Bourgon, 2004, Predictors of sexual recidivism: An updated meta-analysis. (User report 2004-02.). Ottawa: Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada], the user of an instrument similar in performance to the MnSOST-R cannot expect to achieve correct fraction performance notably in excess of what is achievable from knowing the population recidivism rate alone. The authors discuss the legal implications of their findings for procedural and substantive due process in relation to state sexually violent person commitment statutes and the Supreme Court's Kansas v. Hendricks decision regarding the constitutionality of such statutes.     

论我国宅基地使用权流转制度的完善

我国对宅基地使用权采取的是有限制流转的做法,并且严格禁止农村居民的住宅和宅基地在城乡居民之间流转：这是由我国宅基地使用权的用益物权性和社会保障性决定的。随着我国经济的发展,现行的宅基地使用权流转制度已不合时宜,建议我国建立宅基地使用权有偿、有期限制度,完善宅基地使用权登记制度,逐步放宽宅基地使用权的流转。