认知—行为治疗理论的新进展

目前，对于认知－行为治疗的认识、术语使用以及实际操作上都还很混乱。本在对这一理论派别进行简要回顾的基础上，借助对各种与环境相关的障碍和一般化障碍的讨论，以及对调整意识信念和潜意识记忆内容的讨论，简要地阐述了认知－行为治疗理论的新进展。本认为，指向意识可触及信念的治疗是与有关情绪和动机的认知理论相关的；而指向潜意识表达的治疗则与学习理论和认知心理学中的有着实验研究相联系。     

英美客体关系心理治疗及对我国罪犯心理矫治的启示

客体关系心理治疗（Object Relations Therapy）是一种强调“治疗师一来访者”关系的深度心理治疗方法。拟通过诠释客体和客体关系内涵，分析客体关系心理治疗的理论依据以及实施的四个阶段，并对我国罪犯心理矫治的启示进行初步探讨。在罪犯心理矫治中引进客体关系心理治疗，是罪犯心理咨询和治疗手段的创新，也是提升罪犯教育改造质量和践行监管安全“首要标准”的有效途径。     

Incorporating trauma-informed care into evidence-based sex offender treatment

Abstract

As we move forward in the field of sex offender treatment, clinicians should consider incorporating principles of trauma-informed care (TIC) into evidence-based sex offender treatment models. Early adverse experiences are prevalent in the general population and more so in criminal and sex offender populations. Early trauma paves the way for maladaptive coping and interpersonal deficits, which can lead to abusive behaviour. Content-oriented sex offender treatment models emphasising cognitive-behavioural skills should integrate process-oriented components that address the ways in which early trauma shapes adult cognitions and behaviour. Relational approaches to therapy can enhance clients' interpersonal skills and improve general well-being. This type of personal growth would be expected to mitigate future offending as the client adopts and successfully practices healthier, non-destructive strategies for meeting emotional needs.     

Evaluation of the assessment and treatment of a child sex offender: A case study

Abstract

There is indisputable necessity for engaging child sex offenders in effective therapy to reduce recidivist rates. However, it is becoming increasingly recognised that, to do this, more contemporary psychological methods of treatment are being utilised instead of, or as well as, imprisonment.

To establish what constitutes effective therapy requires the constant search for new and successful treatments. To achieve this, it is advantageous to follow preexisting successful methods of treatment but to acknowledge that therapy must be adapted according to an individual's unique presenting difficulties and therapeutic needs.

This paper details assessment techniques, evaluation of psychological dysfunctions, the therapy plan and treatment outcome of a convicted child sex offender. Specifically, Mr X's background history, psychological dysfunctions and progress, using a functional analysis approach, are examined in detail with critical review of the therapeutic intervention.     

Alcohol and Other Drug Problems in Older Adults

SUMMARY

While there is considerable awareness and knowledge on the part of the health and human service community on the problems of the misuse and abuse of alcohol and other drugs in the general population, this unfortunately often does not extend to older adults, those who are 60+. Problems with alcohol and other drugs in older persons is in itself not a sudden crisis or new problem. However, as with any health problem affecting a specific demographic group, when the problem is not recognized and appropriately dealt with the repercussions pose greater risks for the individuals with the problem as well as for the larger community. This is particularly true in regard to older adults where natural physical changes and increased age related health risks can only be exacerbated by the misuse and abuse of substances.     

中药外用治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的临床观察

目的:观察中药外用治疗膝骨性关节炎的疗效.方法:将58例膝骨性关节炎患者随机分为治疗组(35例)和对照组(23例),治疗组采用中药外敷和熏洗,对照组内服芬必得,治疗6周后按JOA的膝骨性关节炎治疗效果判定标准进行打分评估.结果:治疗组优良率为85.7%,对照组优良率为82.6%.治疗组在改善关节屈曲角度及强直挛缩方面优于对照组(P<0.05),且没有内服药的不良反应.结论:中药外治法是非手术治疗膝骨性关节炎的一种可行方法.     

电针对戊四唑点燃型癫痫大鼠脑电图的影响

目的:探讨戊四唑(PTZ)致痫大鼠脑电图的变化及电针对其影响.方法:成年SD大鼠30只随机分为正常对照组、PTZ致痫组和电针组,每组10只.采用多导生理记录仪记录大鼠脑电变化情况.结果:电针组大鼠脑电痫波潜伏期较PTZ致痫组延长(P《0.05);痫波持续时间明显缩短(P《0.01);发作频率明显减少(P《0.01).结论:电针可明显抑制PTZ诱导的大鼠癫痫发作.     

腰椎间盘突出症康复治疗的疗效观察

目的:探讨运动训练治疗对腰椎间盘突出症的疗效的影响。方法:将86例腰椎间盘突出症患者随机分成两组。试验组(48例):接受运动训练,牵引,直流电药物导入,超短波综合治疗。对照组(38例):接受牵引,直流电药物导入,超短波常规治疗。两组患者年龄、病程病情相近,具有可比性。结果:实验组和对照组近期治愈率无显著差异(p>0.05),实验组远期复发率低于对照组(p<0.05)有显著差异性。结论:运动训练加物理疗法是治疗腰间盘突出症的一种有效办法。     

电针对大鼠胃缺血再灌注损伤后胃局部血流量的影响

T''he purpose of this study is to observe the effects of electro-acupuncture on the gastric ischemia-reperfusion injury. As an index of the injury, local gastric blood flow ( LGBF ) was measured with the method of hydrogen clearance. The gastric ischemia-reperfusion injury was caused by occluding ( 15 min ) and reopening the Gastrica Sinistra in rats. The results showed. The simultaneous electroacupuncture on the points "Zusanli" with reperfusion notably increased LGBF at both 5minand20min after reperfusing. These facts suggest that electroacupuncture probably protect tissues from ischemia-reperfusion injury.     

针药结合联合雌孕激素序贯疗法预防官腔粘连分解术后再粘连临床观察

目的 观察针药结合联合雌孕激素序贯疗法预防宫腔粘连分解（transcervical resection of adhesion, TCRA）术后再粘连的临床疗效。方法 将60例患者随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组采用雌孕激素序贯治疗,观察组在采用雌孕激素序贯治疗的基础上,加用自拟补肾化瘀方和针刺治疗,两组均治疗3个月经周期,治疗结束后观察两组临床疗效,宫腔镜下观察宫腔粘连程度的改善情况以及超声监测子宫内膜厚度变化。结果 两组临床疗效的分布比较,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）,观察组疗效优于对照组。治疗前两组患者宫腔粘连程度评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。两组治疗后宫腔粘连程度较治疗前改善（P<0.05）,其中以观察组的改善程度更显著（P<0.05）。治疗前两组子宫内膜厚度比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;治疗后两组子宫内膜厚度均较治疗前显著增加（P<0.05）,观察组子宫内膜厚度增加幅度明显大于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 针药结合联合雌孕激素序贯疗法在预防TCRA术后再粘连、改善临床症状等方面具有良好疗效。